2019 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE load capacity

DRIVER SUPPORT
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351
City Safety limitations
City Safety functionality may be reduced in cer-
tain situations.
Surroundings
Low objects
Hanging objects, such as flags for overhanging
loads or accessories such as auxiliary lights or
front protective grids that extend beyond the
height of the hood, may limit City Safety function-
ality.
Slippery road conditions
The extended braking distance on slippery roads
may reduce City Safety's capacity to help avoid a
collision. In these types of situations, the Anti-
lock Braking System and Electronic Stability Con-
trol (ESC 73
) will help provide optimal braking
power with maintained stability.
Backlighting
The visual warning signal in the windshield may
be difficult to detect in bright sunlight, if there are
reflections, or if the driver is wearing sunglasses
or not looking straight ahead.
Heat
If the temperature in the passenger compartment
is high due to e.g. bright sunlight, the visual warn-
ing signal in the windshield may be temporarily
disabled.
Camera and radar sensor's field of vision
The camera's field of vision is limited and in cer-
tain situations, it may be unable to detect pedes-
trians, large animals, cyclists or vehicles, or it may
detect them later than expected.
Vehicles that are dirty may be detected later than
clean vehicles, and in dark conditions, motorcy-
cles may be detected late or not at all.
If a text message displayed in the instrument
panel indicates that the camera/radar sensor is
obstructed, it may be difficult for City Safety to
detect pedestrians, large animals, cyclists, vehi-
cles or lane markings in front of the vehicle. City
Safety functionality may therefore be reduced.
Text messages may not be displayed for all situa-
tions in which the windshield sensors are
blocked. The driver must therefore always keep
the windshield in front of the camera/radar sen-
sor clean.
CAUTION Maintenance and replacement of City Safety
components may only be performed by a
workshop – an authorized Volvo workshop is
recommended.
Driver intervention
Backing up
City Safety is temporarily deactivated when the
vehicle is backing up.
Low speed
City Safety is not activated at very low speeds
under 4 km/h (3 mph). The system will therefore
not intervene in situations in which your vehicle is
approaching another vehicle very slowly, such as
when parking.
Active driver
Action by the driver always has priority. City
Safety will therefore not react or will react at a
later stage with a warning or intervention in situa-
tions in which the driver is clearly steering and
operating the accelerator pedal, even if a collision
is unavoidable.
An active and aware driving style may therefore
delay collision warnings and intervention in order
to minimize unnecessary warnings.
73
Electronic Stability Control

HYBRID INFORMATION
421240 V adapter clip
240 V adapter
Charge coupler
Release button
Related information

Charging cable residual current device
(p. 421)
Charging cable temperature monitoring
(p. 422)
Charging the hybrid battery (p. 417)
Charging status in the charging cable's
charging module (p. 425) Charging cable residual current
device
The charging cable has a circuit breaker that
helps protect against current overloads and ther-
mal overheating.
WARNING Charging the hybrid battery may only be done
from approved, grounded 120/240 V outlets
(AC, alternating current). If the electrical cir-
cuit or electrical socket's capacity is not
known, let a licensed electrician inspect the
electrical circuit's capacity. Using a charge
level that exceeds the electrical circuit's or
electrical outlet's capacity may start a fire or
damage the electrical circuit.
WARNING
The charging cable's residual current
breaker helps protect the vehicle's charg-
ing system but cannot ensure that an cur-
rent overload will never occur.
Never use visibly worn or damaged elec-
trical sockets. Doing so could lead to fires
or serious injury.
Never connect the charging cable to an
extension cord.
Maintenance or replacement of the hybrid
battery may only be performed by a
trained and qualified Volvo service techni-
cian.
If the charging cable's residual current device is
triggered, the blue indicator light in the charging
module will not illuminate when the charging
cable is plugged into an electrical outlet (or the
red warning light will glow steadily). Have the out-
let checked by a licensed electrician or try using
another wall outlet.
Related information
Charge cable (p. 419)
Charging status in the charging cable's
charging module (p. 425)

||STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
468
Preconditioning
Whenever possible, precondition the vehicle
before driving by connecting the charging
cable to an electrical outlet.
Avoid parking the vehicle somewhere where
the interior will become too hot or too cold
while the vehicle is parked. If possible, park
the vehicle in a climate-controlled garage.
During a short drive after passenger com-
partment preconditioning, turn off the pas-
senger compartment fan or the air condition-
ing in a hot climate.
If preconditioning is not possible when it is
cold outside, use seat and steering wheel
heating first. Avoid heating the entire pas-
senger compartment to reduce the amount
of current being taken from the hybrid bat-
tery.
Driving
Choose the Pure drive mode to help mini-
mize electric power consumption.
Maintain a steady speed and a generous fol-
lowing distance to traffic ahead to minimize
braking. This drive mode has the lowest
power consumption.
Balance energy requirements using the
accelerator pedal. Use the indicator on the
instrument panel to see available electric
power and avoid starting the combustion
engine unnecessarily. The electric motor is more effective than the combustion engine,
especially at low speeds.
When braking is necessary, brake gently
using the brake pedal. This will help recharge
the hybrid battery. A regenerative function is
integrated in the brake pedal and can be
augmented by the electric motor's braking
capacity when the gear selector is in mode
B.
Higher speeds increase energy consumption
- air resistance increases with speed.
Activate the Hold function in the Function
view at high speeds when traveling farther
than is possible using the hybrid battery's
capacity.
Whenever possible, avoid using the Charge
function to charge the hybrid battery. Charg-
ing the battery using the combustion engine
increases fuel consumption and carbon diox-
ide emissions.
In a cold climate, reduce heating of the wind-
shield/rear window, mirrors, seats and the
steering wheel.
Maintain the correct pressure in the tires and
check pressure regularly.
The type of tires used could affect energy
consumption - consult a retailer for advice on
suitable tires.
Remove unnecessary items from the vehicle
- the heavier the load, the higher the fuel
consumption.
Roof loads increase air resistance and
increase fuel consumption. Remove roof
boxes, ski racks, etc. that are not in use.
Avoid driving with the windows open.
Do not keep the vehicle still on an upward
gradient by using the accelerator pedal. Use
the brakes instead.
Related information

Drive-E ‒ purer driving pleasure (p. 27)
Energy distribution in hybrid mode using map
data* (p. 460)
Factors affecting electric motor range
(p. 469)
Using the electric motor only (p. 469)
Hybrid gauge (p. 87)
Checking tire pressure (p. 567)

STARTING AND DRIVING
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469
Using the electric motor only
When using the electric motor, Volvo Twin
Engine provides a combination of good fuel
economy, low emissions and high performance.
For energy-efficient driving:
Select the Pure drive mode to help maximize
driving range using only the electric motor.
Balance energy requirements using the
accelerator pedal. Use the indicator on the
instrument panel's hybrid gauge to see avail-
able electric power and avoid starting the
combustion engine unnecessarily.
When braking is necessary, brake gently
using the brake pedal. This will recharge the
hybrid battery.
Activate the
Hold function in the Function
view at high speeds when traveling farther
than is possible using the hybrid battery's
capacity.
Reduce current consumption in the passen-
ger compartment by reducing e.g. fan speed,
electric heating, or air conditioning use.
Also follow the general economical driving advice
regarding speed, tires and load to maximize
range.
Related information
General information about Twin Engine
(p. 416)
Economical driving (p. 467)
Hybrid gauge (p. 87)
Factors affecting electric motor range
(p. 469)
Starting and stopping the combustion engine
in Twin Engine vehicles (p. 454)
"Hold" and "Charge" functions (p. 471) Factors affecting electric motor
range
A number of factors affect the electric motor's
driving range. The ability to achieve a long driv-
ing range varies according to the outside condi-
tions and to how the vehicle is driven.
The certified value for the distance that can be
driven using the electric motor should not be
considered an expected driving range. The actual
range is dependent on a number of factors.
Factors affecting driving rangeThe driver can influence some factors affecting
driving range, but not all.
The longest range is achieved under very favora-
ble conditions when all factors positively influ-
ence range.

STARTING AND DRIVING
472Preparing for a long trip
It is important to have the vehicle's systems and
equipment checked carefully before driving long
distances.
Check that:
the engine is running properly and that fuel
consumption is normal
there are no leaks (fuel, oil or other fluid)
the brake pedal is functioning optimally
all lights are working ‒ adjust the headlight
height if the vehicle is carrying a heavy load
tire tread depth and air pressure are at cor-
rect levels. Change to snow tires when driv-
ing in areas where there is a risk of snowy or
icy roads
the start battery is sufficiently charged
the wiper blades are in good condition
Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 567)
Filling washer fluid (p. 662)
Winter driving (p. 472)
Economical driving (p. 467)
Vehicle modem settings (p. 545)
Loading recommendations (p. 598)
Driving with a trailer (p. 483)
Pilot Assist (p. 316)
Speed limiter (p. 283)
Tire sealing system (p. 582) Winter driving
It is important to check the vehicle before driving
in cold/snowy conditions to make sure it can be
driven safely.
Before the cold season arrives: Make sure the engine coolant contains 50%
antifreeze. This mixture helps protect the
engine from frost erosion down to
approx. -35 °C (-31 °F). Do not mix different
types of antifreeze as this could pose a
health risk.
Keep the fuel tank well filled to prevent con-
densation from forming.
Check the viscosity of the engine oil. Oil with
low viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-
weather starting and reduces fuel consump-
tion when driving with a cold engine.
CAUTION Low-viscosity oil should not be used with hard
driving or in hot weather.

Check the condition and charge level of the
start battery. Cold weather places greater
demands on the start battery and reduces its
capacity.
Use washer fluid containing antifreeze to
help prevent ice from forming in the washer
fluid reservoir.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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483
Installing the ball holder1. If necessary, remove the cotter pin from the locking bolt and slide the locking bolt out of
the towbar assembly.
2. Slide the ball holder into the towbar assem- bly.
3. Align the hole in the ball holder with the one in the towbar assembly.
4. Slide the locking bolt through the towbar assembly/ball holder.
5. Insert the cotter pin in the hole at the end of the locking bolt.
WARNING
Be sure the towbar is securely locked in
position before attaching anything to it.
Always attach the trailer's safety wire
securely to the towbar's safety wire
attachment bracket.
Removing the ball holder1. Remove the cotter pin from the locking bolt
and slide the locking bolt out of the ball
holder/towbar assembly.
2. Pull the ball holder out of the towbar assem- bly.
Stowing the ball holder
WARNING When not in use, the detachable ball holder
should always be properly stowed in the des-
ignated location under the floor of the cargo
compartment.
Related information

Driving with a trailer (p. 483)
Towing capacity and tongue weight (p. 670) Driving with a trailer
There are a number of things to consider when
towing a trailer, such as the towbar, the trailer
and how the load is distributed in the trailer.
Load-carrying capacity is determined by the vehi-
cle's curb weight. The total weight of all passen-
gers and any installed accessories, e.g. towbar,
reduces the vehicle's load-carrying capacity by
the corresponding amount.
Towbars used on the vehicle must be
approved for the applicable use.
Distribute the load on the trailer so that the
weight on the towbar complies with the
specified maximum towball weight. The
tongue weight is calculated as part of the
vehicle's payload.
Increase the tire pressure to the recom-
mended pressure for a full load.
The engine is subjected to more load than
usual when towing a trailer.
Towing a trailer affects the vehicle's han-
dling, durability and driving economy.
Do not drive with a heavy trailer when the
vehicle is very new. Wait until the mileage
has reached at least 1000 km (620 miles).
On long and steep downgrades, the vehicle's
brakes are subjected to much more load
than usual. When manually shifting, down-
shift and adapt speed accordingly.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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* Option/accessory. 485
The automatic transmission selects the optimal
gear for the current load and engine speed.
Steep inclines
Do not lock the automatic transmission into a
higher gear than what the engine can handle ‒ it
is not always preferable to drive in high gears at
low rpm.
Parking on a hill
1. Depress the brake pedal.
2. Apply the parking brake.
3. Put the gear selector in P.
4. Release the brake pedal.
Put chocks behind the wheels when the vehicle
is parked on a hill with a trailer attached.
Starting on a hill
1. Depress the brake pedal.
2. Put the gear selector in D.
3. Release the parking brake.
4. Release the brake pedal and start driving.
Related information
Trailer Stability Assist* (p. 485)
Checking trailer lights (p. 486)
Towing capacity and tongue weight (p. 670)
Overheating of engine and transmission
(p. 479) Trailer Stability Assist*
Trailer Stability Assist (TSA 8
) is a function
designed to help stabilize a vehicle that is tow-
ing a trailer when the vehicle and trailer have
begun to sway. The function is part of the Elec-
tronic Stability Control system ESC 9
.
Reasons for swayingA vehicle towing a trailer may begin to sway for
various reasons. Normally this only occurs at high
speeds. However, if the trailer is overloaded or
unevenly distributed, e.g. too far back, there is a
risk of swaying even at low speeds.
Swaying may be caused by factors such as:
The vehicle and trailer are hit by a sudden,
strong crosswind.
The vehicle and trailer are traveling on an
uneven road or over a bump.
Sudden movements of the steering wheel.
Once swaying has begun, it can be difficult or
impossible to stop it. This makes the vehicle and
trailer difficult to control and there is a risk of
swerving into oncoming traffic or driving off the
road.
Trailer Stability Assist functionTrailer Stability Assist continuously monitors the
vehicle's movements, particularly lateral move- ments. If swaying is detected, the brakes are
applied individually on the front wheels, which has
a stabilizing effect on the vehicle and trailer. This
is often enough to enable the driver to regain
control of the vehicle.
If the Trailer Stability Assist function's first
attempt is not adequate to stop the swaying
motion, the brakes are applied on all wheels and
engine power is temporarily reduced. As the
swaying motion begins to decrease and the vehi-
cle and trailer have once again become stable,
TSA stops regulating the brakes/engine power
and the driver regains control of the vehicle.
NOTE
Trailer Stability Assist is deactivated if the
driver selects the sport mode by deactivating
ESC in the center display's menu system. Trailer Stability Assist may not intervene if the
driver tries to compensate for the swaying motion
by moving the steering wheel rapidly, because
the system will then not be able to determine if it
is the trailer or the driver causing the swaying.
8
Trailer Stability Assist
9 Electronic Stability Control

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.567
Checking tire pressure
Correct inflation pressure helps improve driving
stability, save fuel and increase the service life of
the tires.
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-
mal. Tire pressure also varies depending on the
ambient temperature. Driving on under-inflated
tires could cause the vehicle to overheat and lead
to damage. Tire pressure affects traveling com-
fort, road noise and driving characteristics.
Check the pressure in the tires every month. Use
the recommended inflation pressure for cold tires
for optimal tire performance and wear. Under-
inflated or over-inflated tires could cause uneven
tread wear.
Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla-
tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare
tire 4
, at least once a month and before long trips.
Volvo strongly recommends buying a reliable air
pressure gauge, as the automatic gauges provi-
ded at service stations may be inaccurate.
WARNING
Under-inflation is the most common
cause of tire failure and may result in
severe tire cracking, tread separation, or
"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-
cle control and increased risk of injury.
Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-
rying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when the
tires are cold.
The tires are considered to be cold when they
have the same temperature as the surrounding
(ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after the
vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile),
the tires are considered to be warm. If you need
to drive longer than that to inflate the tires, check
and record the inflation pressure of the tires first
and inflate accordingly when you arrive at the
pump.
When the ambient temperature changes, so does
the inflation pressure. A 10-degree temperature
drop causes a corresponding drop in inflation
pressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check the inflation
pressure of the tires regularly and adjust to the correct pressure, which can be found on the vehi-
cle's tire information placard or certification label.
If you check inflation pressure when the tires are
warm, you should never release air. The tires
become warm after driving and it is normal for
warm tires to have an inflation pressure above
the recommended pressure for cold tires. A warm
tire with an inflation pressure equal to or under
the recommended pressure for cold tires could
be significantly under-inflated.Related information

Adjusting tire pressure (p. 568)
Recommended tire pressure (p. 569)
Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 569)
Tires (p. 560) 4
Not available in all models.