2019 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE battery

STARTING AND DRIVING
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439
Brakes
The brake pedal is used to apply the vehicle's
regular brakes, which are part of the brake sys-
tem.
The vehicle is equipped with two brake circuits. If
one brake circuit is damaged, the brake pedal will
go down further when depressed. More pressure
will then be required from the driver for normal
braking effect.
WARNING
The power brakes only work when the electric
motor or combustion engine is running.
If the brake pedal is used when the engine is
switched off, greater pressure must be applied to
brake the vehicle.
In very hilly areas or when driving with a heavy
load, gear position B can be used to augment the
brakes with engine braking.
Use the Off Road drive mode to increase the
engine braking effect when driving on steep
downgrades at low speeds.
Anti-lock brakesThe vehicle is equipped with an Anti-lock Braking
System (ABS), which helps prevent the wheels
from locking and helps maintain steering control
when braking. Vibrations may be felt from the brake pedal when ABS is operating, which is nor-
mal.
After the vehicle is started, a brief test of the
ABS system is automatically performed when the
driver releases the brake pedal. An additional
automatic test of the system may be performed
when the vehicle is traveling at a low speed. Dur-
ing the test, the brake pedal may feel as though it
is pulsating.
Light braking charges the hybrid batteryWhen the brakes are applied lightly, the electric
motor braking function is used. This converts the
vehicle's kinetic energy into electrical energy,
which is used to charge the hybrid battery. When
the battery is being charged with the electric
motor braking function, this will be indicated in
the instrument panel.
When the battery is being charged with the electric
motor braking function, this will be indicated in the
instrument panel.
This function is active at speeds in the range of
150-5 km/h (93-3 mph). When braking at
speeds outside of this range, or during harder
braking, the hydraulic braking system is used to
augment braking. This is indicated in the instru-
ment panel with the pointer down in the red area.

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445
Parking brake malfunction
If you are unable to deactivate or activate the
parking brake after several attempts, contact an
authorized Volvo workshop.
A audible warning signal will sound if the parking
brake is applied while the vehicle is being driven.
If the vehicle must be parked before the problem
is rectified, turn the wheels as when parking on
an incline and put the gear selector in P.
Low battery charge levelIf the battery charge level is too low, it will not be
possible to apply or release the parking brake.
Connect an auxiliary battery to the vehicle if the
battery is discharged.
Replacing brake padsDue to the design of the electric parking brake,
the rear brake pads must be replaced by a work-
shop. An authorized Volvo workshop is recom-
mended.
Symbols in the instrument panel Symbol
Meaning A
B
A flashing symbol indicates that a
fault has been detected. See the
message in the instrument panel. A
B
Fault in the brake system. See the
message in the instrument panel. Information message in the instru-
ment panel.
A
In Canada.
B In the US.Related information
Activating and deactivating the parking brake
(p. 443)
Start battery (p. 627)
Volvo's service program (p. 610)

||STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
450 Help functions
The system will automatically shift to P:
if the ignition is switched off while D or R is
selected.
if the driver unbuckles the seat belt and
opens the driver's door while the vehicle is
running with the gear selector in a gear other
than P.
To park a vehicle with an unbuckled seat belt and
open door – end P mode by shifting to R or D
again.
The system will not automatically shift to P if the
ignition is switched off while the gear selector is
in the neutral position (N). This is to make it pos-
sible to wash the vehicle in an automatic car
wash in which the vehicle is pulled forward on
rolling wheels.
Reverse - R
Select R when backing up. The vehicle must be
stationary when Reverse is selected.
Neutral - N
No gear is selected and the engine can be
started. Apply the parking brake if the vehicle is
stationary with the gear selector in N.
To move the gear selector from Neutral to
another gear, the brake pedal must be depressed
and the ignition in mode II.
D drive mode
D is the normal driving gear position. The trans-
mission shifts up or down automatically depend- ing on acceleration and speed. The vehicle must
be stationary when the gear selector is moved
from R to D.
Brake - B
B can be selected at any time during a drive. In B
mode, the engine braking function is activated
when the accelerator pedal is released, which
helps charge the hybrid battery. This offers addi-
tional opportunities to recharge the hybrid bat-
tery, since the battery is charged even when the
brake pedal is not depressed. B mode in the instrument panel.
From B mode, it is possible to manually shift to
lower gears. The currently selected gear (1-8) will
be displayed in the instrument panel.
Pull the gear selector backward once to shift
down one gear.
Pull the gear selector backward again to shift
down to lower gears. To shift manually to a higher gear, the vehicle
must be equipped with steering wheel paddles*.
Push the gear selector forward to return to D
mode.
For smooth shifting and engine performance, the
transmission will shift down automatically if the
vehicle's speed becomes too low for the selected
gear.
Related information
Shiftlock (p. 452)
Using the steering wheel paddles* to shift
(p. 451)
The kickdown function (p. 452)

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453
Drive systems
Volvo Twin Engine combines a combustion
engine for the front wheels and an electric motor
for the rear wheels.
Two drive systemsDepending on the selected drive mode and
power available in the electric motor, the drive
systems can either be used separately or in tan-
dem.
The electric motor gets its energy from a hybrid
battery located under the tunnel console. The
hybrid can be charged from a wall outlet or in a
special charging station. The combustion engine
can also charge the hybrid battery using a special
high-voltage generator.
Both the combustion engine and the electric
motor can generate power directly to the wheels.
An advanced control system coordinates both the
drive systems to help optimize driving economy. Hybrid battery - The hybrid battery's function
is to store electrical current. This energy is
provided by plugging the charging cable into
an electrical outlet, through regenerative
braking or from the high-voltage generator.
This provides current to power the electric
motor and to temporarily power the electrical
air conditioning to precondition the passen-
ger compartment.
Combustion engine - The combustion engine
starts when the charge level in the hybrid
battery is too low to provide the power output
requested by the driver.
High-voltage generator
2
- Charges the hybrid
battery. Starter for the combustion engine. Can provide the combustion engine with
extra electrical current. Electric motor - Powers the vehicle using
electricity. Can provide extra torque and
power during acceleration. Provides electrical
all-wheel drive functionality. Regenerates
braking energy into electrical current.
Related information

General information about Twin Engine
(p. 416)
Starting and stopping the combustion engine
in Twin Engine vehicles (p. 454)
Drive modes (p. 454)
Transmission (p. 448)
Factors affecting electric motor range
(p. 469) 2
CISG (Crank Integrated Starter Generator) - Combined high-voltage gene\
rator and starter.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory.
454 Starting and stopping the
combustion engine in Twin Engine
vehicles
An advanced control system determines the dis-
tance that the vehicle can be driven on the com-
bustion engine, electric motor, or both at the
same time. When driving on only the electric
motor, the vehicle may automatically start the
combustion engine due to outside circumstan-
ces, e.g. low ambient temperatures. This is com-
pletely normal. The combustion engine will also
always start when the hybrid battery is nearly
fully discharged.
Climate settings at low temperaturesAt low ambient temperatures, the combustion
engine will sometimes start automatically to help
achieve the desired passenger compartment
temperature and air quality. The amount of time
the combustion engine is running can be affec-
ted by:
lowering the temperature
reducing blower speed
activating Pure drive mode.
Using the electric motor in hot or cold
weather
At very low or high ambient temperatures, the
electric motor's driving range and power may be
reduced and affect how often the combustion
engine automatically starts.
Emission control systemTo help ensure that the emission control system
functions optimally, the combustion engine will
run for several minutes after it is started. The
amount of time the combustion engine needs to
be used varies depending on the temperature of
the three-way catalytic converter.
WARNING California Proposition 65
Operating, servicing and maintaining a pas-
senger vehicle can expose you to chemicals
including engine exhaust, carbon monoxide,
phthalates, and lead, which are known to the
State of California to cause cancer and birth
defects or other reproductive harm. To mini-
mize exposure, avoid breathing exhaust, do
not idle the engine except as necessary, serv-
ice your vehicle in a well ventilated area and
wear gloves or wash your hands frequently
when servicing your vehicle. For more infor-
mation go to www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/
passenger-vehicle.
Related information

Drive systems (p. 453)
Economical driving (p. 467)
Using the electric motor only (p. 469)
Drive modes (p. 454) Drive modes
Drive modes affect the vehicle's driving charac-
teristics in different ways to enhance and sim-
plify the driving experience in certain types of sit-
uations.
Drive modes enable easy access to the vehicle's
many functions and settings in different driving
situations. The following systems are adapted to
help optimize driving characteristics in each drive
mode:
Steering
Engine/transmission/all-wheel drive
Brakes
Pneumatic suspension* and shock absorbers
Instrument panel
Climate control settings
Select the drive mode that is best suited to the
current driving conditions. Keep in mind that not
all drive modes are available in all situations.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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455
Available drive modes
WARNING Keep in mind that the vehicle does not emit
any engine noise when using the electric
motor and may therefore be difficult to detect
for children, pedestrians, cyclists or animals.
This is particularly true at low speeds, e.g. in
parking lots.
WARNING
Do not leave the vehicle in an unventilated
area with a drive mode activated and the com-
bustion engine switched off. The engine will
start automatically if the charge level in the
hybrid battery is low and the resulting exhaust
gases can be very harmful to people and ani-
mals.
HYBRID

This is the default mode in which the electric
motor and combustion engine work together.
The vehicle starts in Hybrid mode. The control
system uses both the electric motor and the gas-
oline engine - separately or in tandem - and cal-
culates optimal utilization with regard to perform-
ance, fuel consumption and comfort. At high
speeds, ground clearance is automatically low-
ered 3
to reduce air resistance. Driving capacity on
the electric motor alone is determined by factors such as the hybrid battery's charge level, the
need for heat/cooling in the passenger compart-
ment, etc.
If there is sufficient charge in the battery, it is
possible to drive solely on electric power. When
the accelerator pedal is pressed, only the electric
motor will be activated until the battery reaches a
certain charge level. Above this level, the current
in the battery cannot supply the power requested
by the accelerator pedal and the combustion
engine will start.
When the hybrid battery's charge level is low, the
combustion engine will start more frequently to
save the remaining current in the battery. Charge
the hybrid battery from a 120-240 volt outlet
using a charging cable, or activate
Charge in
Function view to reset the option of only using
the electric motor.
This drive mode is designed for low energy con-
sumption with an optimized mix between the
electric motor and gasoline engine, without com-
promising on climate comfort or driving experi-
ence. When faster acceleration is requested by
the driver, the electric driveline will be utilized to
help provide maximum additional power. The
vehicle also monitors the driving conditions and
automatically engages all-wheel drive if neces-
sary. All-wheel drive and extra electric power are
always available regardless of the battery's
charging status.
Information in the instrument panel
When driving in Hybrid mode, a hybrid gauge will
be displayed in the instrument panel. The gauge
will indicate the amount of electrical current
required when the driver depresses the accelera-
tor pedal. The marker between the lightning and
the drop shows how much current is available. The instrument panel gauge when both the electric
motor and the combustion engine are being used.
The instrument panel also shows how
much current is being restored to the
battery (regenerated) during light brak-
ing. 3
For vehicles with pneumatic suspension.

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456
PURE

Uses the electric motor only, with the lowest
possible energy consumption and carbon
dioxide emissions.
This drive mode maximizes the use of the hybrid
battery. Ground clearance is lowered 3
to reduce
air resistance and certain climate system func-
tions are reduced to provide the longest possible
driving distance using only electricity.
Pure mode is available when the hybrid battery is
sufficiently charged. Even in Pure mode, the com-
bustion engine will start if the charge level in the
battery gets too low. The combustion engine will
also start
if the vehicle's speed goes above 125 km/h
(78 mph)
if the driver requests more power than the
electric motor can provide
if factors such as cold weather affect the
system or components.
This drive mode is optimized for maximum driving
distance with electric propulsion and is primarily
intended for use in city driving. Pure helps pro-
vide the lowest possible consumption even when
the hybrid battery is fully discharged. ECO climate
is activated to control the climate in the passen-
ger compartment, and in slippery road conditions
slightly more wheel spin may be permitted before
all-wheel drive is automatically activated.
ECO Climate
In Pure mode, ECO climate is automatically acti-
vated in the passenger compartment to help
reduce energy consumption.
NOTE When the
Pure drive mode is activated, set-
tings for certain climate system and electricity
consuming functions are reduced. Some of
these settings can be reset manually, but full
functionality will only be restored by leaving
Pure mode or adapting the Individual drive
mode to full climate system functionality. If condensation forms on the windows, tap the
max defroster button, which will function normally.
OFF ROAD

Maximizes the vehicle's ability to traverse dif-
ficult terrain or poor roads.
In this mode, ground clearance 3
is high, steering
is light, and all-wheel drive and Hill Descent
Control are activated.
This drive mode is only available at low speeds,
up to 40 km/h (25 mph). If this speed is excee-
ded, Off road mode will be cancelled and AWD
mode will be activated instead. All-wheel drive requires both the combustion and
electric motor to be in continuous operation,
which results in higher fuel consumption.
In Off road mode, a compass will be displayed
between the speedometer and the tachometer in
the instrument panel. The permissible speed
range will be shown in the speedometer.
3
For vehicles with pneumatic suspension.

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457
This drive mode is optimized for maximum control
when driving at low speeds on very poor roads or
difficult terrain. It raises the chassis
3
, reduces
driveline throttle response, and locks the vehicle
in all-wheel drive. The Hill Descent Control func-
tion facilitates controlled driving on steep down-
grades.
NOTE This drive mode is not designed to be used
for normal street driving.
NOTE
Due to the increased ground clearance, if the
OFF ROAD mode was selected when the
engine was switched off, the suspension will
lower when the engine is restarted.
CAUTION
Do not use the OFF ROAD drive mode when
towing a trailer without an electrical connec-
tion. This could result in damage to the pneu-
matic suspension system's bellows.
AWD

Improves the vehicle's traction and handling
by increasing all-wheel drive. This drive mode locks the vehicle in all-wheel
drive. An optimal distribution between front and
rear axle torque helps provide the best possible
control, stability and traction, e.g. on slippery
roads or when towing a heavy trailer or another
vehicle. The AWD drive mode is always available
regardless of the hybrid battery's charge status.
Both the combustion engine and the electric
motor are engaged to enable all-wheel drive,
which results in higher fuel consumption.
In the other drive modes, the vehicle automati-
cally adapts the need for all-wheel drive accord-
ing to the road surface, and can activate the elec-
tric motor or start the combustion engine as nee-
ded.
POWER

Power mode is designed to provide sportier
driving characteristics and a faster accelera-
tion response.
This drive mode maximizes the combined power
from the combustion engine and the electric
motor by providing power to both the front and
rear wheels. Gear shifting will be faster and more
distinct and the transmission will prioritize gears
with a higher traction force. Steering response is
faster, suspension is stiffer and ground clearance
is lower 3
to help reduce body roll when cornering. Both the combustion engine and the electric
motor are engaged to enable all-wheel drive,
which results in higher fuel consumption.
This drive mode is optimized for maximum per-
formance and throttle response. It changes the
throttle response, gear shifting program and
turbo boost system. Chassis settings and steer-
ing and brake response are also optimized. The
Power drive mode is always available regardless
of the hybrid battery's charge status.
3
For vehicles with pneumatic suspension.