2019 VOLVO S90 TWIN ENGINE ESP

WHEELS AND TIRES
547

NOTE
The tire's load index and speed rating maynot appear on the sidewall because they arenot required by law.
7.M+S or M/S = Mud and Snow, AT = All Ter-rain, AS = All Season
8.U.S. DOT Tire Identification Number(TIN): This begins with the letters "DOT" andindicates that the tire meets all federalstandards. The next two numbers are thefactory code where the tire was manufac-tured, the next two are the tire size code andthe last four numbers represent the weekand year the tire was made. For example,0717 means that the tire was manufacturedduring week 7 of 2017. The numbers inbetween are marketing codes used at themanufacturer's discretion. This informationhelps a tire manufacturer identify a tire forsafety recall purposes.
9.Tire Ply Composition and Material Used:Indicates the number of plies indicates or thenumber of layers of rubber-coated fabric inthe tire tread and sidewall. Tire manufactur-ers also must indicate the ply materials in thetire and the sidewall, which include steel,nylon, polyester, and others.
10.Maximum Load: Indicates the maximumload in pounds and kilograms that can becarried by the tire. Refer to the vehicle's tire
information placard located on the B-Pillarfor the correct tire pressure for your vehicle.
11.Treadwear, Traction, and Temperaturegrades.
12.Maximum permissible inflation pressure:the greatest amount of air pressure thatshould ever be put in the tire. This limit is setby the tire manufacturer.

Speed Symbol
A tire's Speed Symbol (SS) indicates the maxi-mum speed for which the tire has been certifiedand should be at least equivalent to the vehicle'stop speed.
Winter tires, with or without studs, are exceptionsand may use a lower SS. When winter tires areinstalled, the vehicle may not be driven fasterthan the tires' SS.
The vehicle's speed should always be determinedby the posted speed limit and traffic and roadconditions, not the tire's SS.
The following table indicates the maximum per-missible speed for each SS.
M 130 km/h (81 mph)
Q 160 km/h (100 mph)
T190 km/h (118 mph)
H 210 km/h (130 mph)
V 240 km/h (149 mph)
W 270 km/h (168 mph)
Y300 km/h (186 mph)
WARNING
The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvoare specified to meet stringent stabilityand handling requirements. Unapprovedwheel/tire size combinations can nega-tively affect your vehicle's stability andhandling.
Any damage caused by installation ofunapproved wheel/tire size combinationswill not be covered by your new vehiclewarranty. Volvo assumes no responsibilityfor death, injury, or expenses that mayresult from such installations.

Related information
Tires (p. 542)

WHEELS AND TIRES
548
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUSTCONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIRE-MENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES.
Quality grades can be found, where applica-ble, on the tire sidewall between the treadshoulder and maximum section width. Forexample:
Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR
The treadwear grade is a comparative ratingbased on the wear rate of the tire when testedunder controlled conditions on a specified gov-ernment test course. For example, a tire graded150 would wear one and one half (1 ½) times aswell on the government course as a tire graded100. The relative performance of tires dependsupon the actual conditions of their use, however,and many depart significantly from the norm dueto variation in driving habits, maintenance practi-ces and differences in road characteristics andclimate.

TRACTION
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, areAA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlledconditions on specified government test surfacesof asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C mayhave poor traction performance.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire isbased on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.

TEMPERATURE
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B,and C, representing the tire's resistance to thegeneration of heat and its ability to dissipate heatwhen tested under controlled conditions on aspecified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustainedhigh temperature can cause the material of thetire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and exces-sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure.The grade C corresponds to a minimum level ofperformance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety StandardNo. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levelsof performance on the laboratory test wheel thanthe minimum required by law.

WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is estab-lished for a tire that is properly inflated andnot overloaded. Excessive speed, under-infla-tion, or excessive loading, either separately orin combination, can cause heat buildup andtire failure.
Related information
Tires (p. 542)
Tire sidewall designations (p. 546)

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.549
Checking tire pressure
Correct inflation pressure helps improve drivingstability, save fuel and increase the service life ofthe tires.
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is nor-mal. Tire pressure also varies depending on theambient temperature. Driving on under-inflatedtires could cause the vehicle to overheat and leadto damage. Tire pressure affects traveling com-fort, road noise and driving characteristics.
Check the pressure in the tires every month. Usethe recommended inflation pressure for cold tiresfor optimal tire performance and wear. Under-inflated or over-inflated tires could cause uneventread wear.
Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla-tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare
tire4, at least once a month and before long trips.Volvo strongly recommends buying a reliable airpressure gauge, as the automatic gauges provi-ded at service stations may be inaccurate.

WARNING
Under-inflation is the most commoncause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation, or"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-cle control and increased risk of injury.
Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-rying capacity of your vehicle.

Cold tires
Inflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold.
The tires are considered to be cold when theyhave the same temperature as the surrounding(ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after thevehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile),the tires are considered to be warm. If you needto drive longer than that to inflate the tires, checkand record the inflation pressure of the tires firstand inflate accordingly when you arrive at thepump.
When the ambient temperature changes, so doesthe inflation pressure. A 10-degree temperaturedrop causes a corresponding drop in inflationpressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check the inflationpressure of the tires regularly and adjust to the
correct pressure, which can be found on the vehi-cle's tire information placard or certification label.
If you check inflation pressure when the tires arewarm, you should never release air. The tiresbecome warm after driving and it is normal forwarm tires to have an inflation pressure abovethe recommended pressure for cold tires. A warmtire with an inflation pressure equal to or underthe recommended pressure for cold tires couldbe significantly under-inflated.

Related information
Adjusting tire pressure (p. 550)
Recommended tire pressure (p. 551)
Tire pressure monitoring system* (p. 551)
Tires (p. 542)
4Not available in all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
* Option/accessory.551
Recommended tire pressure
The tire pressure placard on the driver's side Bpillar (between the front and the rear door) indi-cates tire pressure for different loads and speedconditions.
The decal specifies the designation for the fac-tory-mounted tires on the vehicle, as well as loadlimits and inflation pressures.

Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 549)
Approved tire pressure (p. 649)
Tire pressure monitoring system*
The tire pressure monitoring system6 provides awarning symbol in the instrument panel if pres-sure is too low in one or more tires.
Symbol Explanation
This symbol illuminates to indicatelow inflation pressure.
If there is a system malfunction, theinflation pressure warning symbolwill flash for approximately oneminute and then glow steadily.
System description
The tire pressure monitoring system measuresdifferences in rotational speed between thewheels through the ABS system to determine ifthe tires are properly inflated. If inflation pressurein a tire is too low, its diameter (and consequentlyits rotational speed) changes. By comparing thetires with each other, the system can determine ifthe pressure in one or more tires is too low.

General information about the tire pressure
monitoring system
In the following description, the tire monitoringsystem is generally referred to as TPMS.
Each tire, including the spare (if provided)7
should be checked monthly when cold and infla-
ted to the inflation pressure recommended by thevehicle manufacturer on the vehicle placard ortire inflation pressure label. (If your vehicle hastires of a different size than the size indicated onthe vehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label,you should determine the proper tire inflationpressure for those tires.)
As an added safety feature, your vehicle hasbeen equipped with a tire pressure monitoringsystem (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres-sure telltale when one or more of your tires issignificantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when thelow tire pressure telltale illuminates, you shouldstop and check your tires as soon as possible,and inflate them to the proper pressure.
Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire cau-ses the tire to overheat and can lead to tire fail-ure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiencyand tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle'shandling and stopping ability. Please note thatthe TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire main-tenance, and it is the driver's responsibility tomaintain correct tire pressure, even if under-infla-tion has not reached the level to trigger illumina-tion of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.
Your vehicle has also been equipped with aTPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when thesystem is not operating properly. The TPMS mal-function indicator is combined with the low tire
6Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)7Not available on all models.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
562

WARNING
The vehicle must never be driven withmore than one "Temporary Spare" tiremounted.
Driving with a spare wheel may alter thedriving characteristics of the vehicle.Replace the spare wheel with a normalwheel as soon as possible.
The spare wheel is smaller than the nor-mal wheel, which affects the vehicle'sground clearance. Watch for high curbsand do not wash the vehicle in an auto-matic car wash when a spare wheel ismounted.
Follow the manufacturer's recommendedtire inflation pressure for the spare wheel.
On all-wheel drive vehicles, the drive onthe rear axle can be disconnected.
If the spare wheel is mounted on thefront axle, snow chains must not be used.
The spare wheel must not be repaired.

CAUTION
The vehicle must not be driven with wheels ofdifferent dimensions or with a spare tire otherthan the one that came with the vehicle. Theuse of different size wheels can seriouslydamage your vehicle's transmission.
Related information
When changing wheels (p. 556)
Recommended tire pressure (p. 551)
Accessing the spare wheel
Follow these instructions regarding handling thespare wheel.
The spare wheel is stored in a bag and should besecured with two straps onto the floor of thetrunk/cargo compartment when the vehicle isbeing driven. The straps should be strappeddown crosswise over the wheel, attached to theload anchoring eyelets and pulled taut.
Wheel changing tools are located under thecargo compartment floor.

Related information
Spare wheel (p. 561)

WHEELS AND TIRES
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563
Snow tires
Snow tires are designed for winter driving.
Volvo recommends snow tires with specificdimensions. The tire dimensions vary dependingon engine type. When driving with snow tires, thecorrect type of tires must be mounted on all fourwheels.

NOTE
Contact a Volvo dealer for advice on the bestchoice of rims and tires.

Tips for changing snow tires
When switching between regular tires and snowtires, mark the tires according to which side theywere mounted on, e.g. L for left and R for right.

Studded tires
Studded tires should be broken in by driving500–1000 km (300–600 miles) slowly and gen-tly to help the studs settle properly in the tires.This gives the tire, and especially the studs, alonger service life.

NOTE
Regulations regarding the use of studdedtires vary from country to country.
Tread depth
Road conditions with ice, slush and low tempera-tures place considerably higher demands on tiresthan summer conditions. Volvo therefore recom-mends not driving on snow tires that have a treaddepth of less than 4 mm (0.15 inch).

Related information
When changing wheels (p. 556)
Winter driving (p. 458)
Tread wear indicator (p. 545)
Snow chains
Using snow chains and/or snow tires can helpimprove traction in winter driving conditions.
WARNING
Use Volvo genuine snow chains or equivalentsnow chains that are suitable for the vehiclemodel and the tire and wheel sizes. Only one-sided snow chains are permitted.
If uncertain about snow chains, Volvo recom-mends contacting an authorized Volvo work-shop. Use of the wrong snow chains couldcause serious damage to the vehicle andresult in an accident.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
566
Sealing compound bottle
Switch

Connecting
NOTE
Do not break the seal of the bottle beforeuse. The seal is broken automatically whenthe bottle is screwed into place.
WARNING
Please keep the following points in mindwhen using the tire sealing system:
The sealing compound bottle (no. 8 in theillustration) contains 1) rubber latex, natu-ral and 2) ethanediol. These substancesare harmful if swallowed.
The contents of this bottle may causeallergic skin reactions or otherwise bepotentially harmful to the respiratory tract,the skin, the central nervous system, andthe eyes.
Precautions:
Keep out of reach of children.
Do not ingest the contents.
Avoid prolonged or repeated contact withthe skin. Remove any clothing that hascome into contact with sealant.
Wash thoroughly after handling.
First aid:
Skin: Wash affected areas of the skinwith soap and water. Get medical atten-tion if symptoms occur.
Eyes: Flush with plenty of water for least15 minutes, occasionally lifting the upperand lower eyelids. Get medical attention ifsymptoms occur.
Inhalation: Move the exposed person tofresh air. If irritation persists, get medicalattention.
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomitingunless directed to do so by medical per-sonnel. Get medical attention.
Disposal: Dispose of this material and itscontainer at a hazardous or special wastecollection point.

WARNING
Do not remove the bottle while the tiresealing system is being used.
Do not remove the hose while the tiresealing system is being used.
1.Turn on the vehicle's hazard warning flashersif the tire sealing system is to be used in anarea with traffic.
If the puncture was caused by a nail or simi-lar object, do not remove it. It will help sealthe hole.
2.Peel off the speed limit sticker from the sideof the compressor. Affix the decal to a clearlyvisible location on the windshield to remindthe driver not to exceed this speed limit. Donot drive faster than 80 km/h (50 mph) whileusing a tire that has been temporarilyrepaired with the tire sealing system.

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MAINTENANCE AND SERVICE
* Option/accessory.590
7.Tap Send appointment request.
>You will receive an appointment sugges-
tion by email within a couple of days7.
You will also receive the same messagevia email and when you log in towww.volvocars.com.
On some markets, the message in theinstrument panel indicating that the vehi-cle requires service will go out once theappointment request has been sent.
8.Tap Cancel request if you would like tocancel your request.
The appointment request contains informationabout your vehicle that helps the workshop planfor your visit.
The retailer will send you a digital appointmentsuggestion. Information about your retailer is alsoavailable in the vehicle so that you can contactyour workshop at any time.

Accepting an appointment suggestion
When the vehicle has received an appointmentsuggestion, a message will be displayed at thetop of the center display.
1. Tap the message.
2. To accept the suggested appointment, tapAccept. Otherwise, tap Send newproposal or Decline.
For some markets, the system reminds you whenan appointment time is approaching and the navi-
gation system8 can also guide you to the work-shop at the appointed time.
Related information
Vehicle status (p. 588)
Sending vehicle information to the workshop(p. 590)
Navigating in the center display's views(p. 111)
Volvo ID (p. 26)
Internet-connected vehicle* (p. 523)
Sending vehicle information to the
workshop9
Vehicle-related information can be sent at anytime from the vehicle, e.g. if you schedule a visitto a workshop and would like to assist yourworkshop by providing additional basic informa-tion. Sending vehicle information is not the sameas scheduling service.
1.Open the Car Status app from App view inthe center display.
2.Tap Appointments.
3.Tap Send vehicle data.
> A message confirming that vehicle-relatedinformation has been sent will appear atthe top of the center display. You cancancel data transmission by tapping thecheckbox in the activity indicator.
Information is sent via the vehicle's Inter-
net connection10.
7Timespan may vary depending on market.8For vehicles with Sensus Navigation*.9Certain markets only.10There may be a charge for transmitting data over the Internet, depending on your service plan.