2017 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE HYBRID snow chains

10
WHEELS AND TIRES
Tires478
Tire sidewall designations480
Wheel (rim) designations481
Tire terminology482
Tire direction of rotation483
Tread wear indicator483
Loading specifications484
Uniform Tire Quality Grading485
Snow tires and chains485
Checking tire inflation pressure486
Changing tires487
Tools488
Jack488
Wheel bolts489
Removing a wheel489
Installing a wheel491
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)491
Checking tire inflation pressure493
Reinflating tires equipped with theTire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)494
Calibrating the Tire PressureMonitoring System (TPMS)495
Tire sealing system496
Using the tire sealing system498

Inflating a tire with the tire sealingsystem compressor501
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
Volvo's service program504
System updates506
Remote updates507
Vehicle status507
Booking service and repairs508
Wi-Fi connection to a workshop510
Climate system service511
Start battery512
Support battery514
Hybrid battery515
Battery symbols516
Fuses516
Replacing fuses517
Fuses in the engine compartment518
Fuses in the passenger compartment523
Fuses in the cargo compartment527
Replacing bulbs530
Removing the rectangular headlightcover532
Replacing low beam headlight bulbs533
Replacing High Beam headlight bulbs534
Replacing parking light bulbs534
Replacing front turn signal bulbs535
Bulb specifications536
Hoisting the vehicle537

DRIVER SUPPORT
264
Electronic Stability Control (ESC)sport mode
ESC is always activated and cannot be switchedoff.
However, the driver can select Sport mode,which offers more active driving characteristics.
In Sport mode, the engine management systemmonitors movement of the accelerator pedal andsteering wheel for sportier driving and allowsmore lateral movement of the rear wheels beforeESC is triggered.
Under certain circumstances, such as when driv-ing with snow chains, or driving in deep snow orloose sand, it may be advisable to temporarily useSport mode for maximum tractive force.
If the driver releases pressure on the acceleratorpedal, ETC will also activate to help stabilize thevehicle.

Activating/deactivating Sport mode
In the center display's Functionview, tap ESC Sport Mode.The green indicator light in thebutton will illuminate to showthat the function has been acti-vated or gray when the functionis deactivated.
When Sport mode is activated, thissymbol will illuminate in the instrumentpanel. It will remain on until the driverdeactivates the function. ETC will alsoreturn to normal mode when the engine is restar-ted.
Related information
•Electronic Stability Control (ESC) (p. 263)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.360
Park Assist limitations
The Park Assist system has certain limitations.

NOTE
A trailer hitch whose wiring is integrated withthe vehicle's electrical system will be takeninto account when measuring the availablespace behind the vehicle.
NOTE
•The system will not detect high objects,such as a loading dock, etc.
•Certain materials or fabrics may not bedetected by the sensors. Objects made ofthese materials or people wearing cloth-ing made of these fabrics may not bedetected.
•Children or animals near the vehicle maynot always be detected.
•Objects such as chains, thin shiny polesor low objects may temporarily not bedetected by the system. This may resultin the pulsing tone unexpectedly stoppinginstead of changing to a constant tone asthe vehicle approaches the object. Insuch cases, use caution when backing upor stop the vehicle to help avoid damage.
•In certain circumstances, the park assistsystem may give unexpected warning sig-nals that can be caused by externalsound sources that use the same ultra-sound frequencies as the system. Thismay include such things as the horns ofother vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneu-matic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes,other vehicles with similar ultrasound sys-tems, etc. This does not indicate a fault inthe system.
Cleaning the sensors
Location of the Park Assist sensors
The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensurethat they work properly. Clean them with waterand a suitable car washing detergent.

NOTE
If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt,snow, or ice, this could result in false warningsignals from the park assist system or thesystem may not function at all.

Related information
•Park Assist* (p. 358)
•Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 359)
•Park assist symbols and messages (p. 361)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.373
•Heavy rain or snow may inhibit PAP'scapacity to correctly measure a parkingspace.
•Do not use PAP when using snow chainsand/or a temporary spare tire.
•Do not use PAP if there are any objects pro-truding from the vehicle.

WARNING
•The front end of your vehicle may turn outtoward oncoming traffic during the park-ing procedure.
•Objects located above the parking sen-sors' field of vision are not included whenPAP measures a parking space. For thisreason, PAP may turn into the parkingspace too soon. Avoid parking spaces ofthis type.
•The driver is always responsible for deter-mining if PAP has selected a suitableparking space.
Maintenance
Location of the PAP sensors
In order for PAP to function correctly, these sen-sors must be cleaned regularly with water and asuitable car washing detergent.

Related information
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* (p. 368)
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* limitations (p. 372)
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* symbols and mes-sages (p. 374)

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STARTING AND DRIVING
388
•The air conditioning may be switched offtemporarily.
•After a prolonged period of driving, do notturn off the engine immediately after stop-ping.
•The engine cooling fan commonly continuesto run for several minutes after the enginehas been turned off.

WARNING
The cooling fan (located at the front of theengine compartment, behind the radiator) maystart or continue to operate (for up to6 minutes) after the engine has beenswitched off.

Related information
•Driving with a trailer (p. 397)
•Before a long distance trip (p. 385)
Winter driving
Check your vehicle before the approach of coldweather.
The following advice is worth noting:
•Make sure that the engine coolant contains50 percent antifreeze. Any other mixture willreduce freeze protection. This gives protec-tion against freezing down to –31 °F(–35 °C). The use of "recycled" antifreeze isnot approved by Volvo. Different types ofantifreeze must not be mixed.
•Volvo recommends using only genuine Volvoantifreeze in your vehicle's radiator.
•Try to keep the fuel tank well filled – thishelps prevent the formation of condensationin the tank. In addition, in extremely coldweather conditions it is worthwhile to addfuel line de-icer before refueling.
•The viscosity of the engine oil is important.Oil with low viscosity (thinner oil) improvescold-weather starting as well as decreasingfuel consumption while the engine is warm-ing up. Full synthetic 0W-30 oil is recom-mended for driving in areas with sustainedlow temperatures.
•The load placed on the battery is greater dur-ing the winter since the windshield wipers,lighting, etc., are used more often. Moreover,the capacity of the battery decreases as thetemperature drops. In very cold weather, apoorly charged battery can freeze and be
damaged. It is therefore advisable to checkthe state of charge more frequently andspray an anti-rust oil on the battery posts.
•Volvo recommends the use of snow tires onall four wheels for winter driving.
•To prevent the washer fluid reservoir fromfreezing, add washer solvents containingantifreeze. This is important since dirt is oftensplashed on the windshield during winterdriving, requiring the frequent use of thewashers and wipers. Volvo Washer Solventshould be diluted as follows: Down to 14 °F(–10 °C): 1 part washer solvent and 4 partswater Down to 5 °F (–15 °C): 1 part washersolvent and 3 parts water Down to 0 °F(–18 °C): 1 part washer solvent and 2 partswater Down to –18 °F (–28 °C): 1 partwasher solvent and 1 part water.
•Use Volvo Teflon Lock Spray in the locks.
•Avoid using de-icing sprays as they cancause damage to the locks.

Related information
•Snow tires and chains (p. 485)

WHEELS AND TIRES
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485
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUSTCONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIRE-MENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES.
Quality grades can be found, where applica-ble, on the tire sidewall between the treadshoulder and maximum section width. Forexample:
Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR
The treadwear grade is a comparative ratingbased on the wear rate of the tire when testedunder controlled conditions on a specified gov-ernment test course. For example, a tire graded150 would wear one and one half (1 ½) times aswell on the government course as a tire graded100. The relative performance of tires dependsupon the actual conditions of their use, however,and many depart significantly from the norm dueto variation in driving habits, maintenance practi-ces and differences in road characteristics andclimate.

TRACTION
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, areAA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlledconditions on specified government test surfacesof asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C mayhave poor traction performance. The tractiongrade assigned to this tire is based on braking
(straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a meas-ure of cornering (turning) traction.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire isbased on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.

TEMPERATURE
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B,and C, representing the tire's resistance to thegeneration of heat and its ability to dissipate heatwhen tested under controlled conditions on aspecified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustainedhigh temperature can cause the material of thetire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and exces-sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure.The grade C corresponds to a minimum level ofperformance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety StandardNo. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levelsof performance on the laboratory test wheel thanthe minimum required by law.

WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is estab-lished for a tire that is properly inflated andnot overloaded. Excessive speed, under-infla-tion, or excessive loading, either separately orin combination, can cause heat buildup andtire failure.
Snow tires and chains
The use of snow chains and/or winter tires canhelp improve traction in winter driving conditions.
Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with thefollowing restrictions:
•Snow chains should be installed on frontwheels only. Use only Volvo approved snowchains.
•If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tiresand wheels are installed and are of a size dif-ferent than the original tires and wheels,chains in some cases CANNOT be used.Sufficient clearances between chains andbrakes, suspension and body componentsmust be maintained.
•Some strap-on type chains will interfere withbrake components and therefore CANNOTbe used.
•All Wheel Drive models: Snow chainsshould only be installed on the front wheels.
•Certain size tires may not allow the assemblyof snow chains/traction devices.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snowchain information.

WHEELS AND TIRES
486

CAUTION
•Snow chains should not be used onwheels larger than 19".
•Always follow the chain manufacturer'sinstallation instructions carefully. Installchains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
•Check local regulations regarding the useof snow chains before installing.
•Use single-sided snow chains only.
•Never exceed the chain manufacturer'sspecified maximum speed limit. (Underno circumstances should you exceed31 mph (50 km/h).
•Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns whendriving with snow chains.
•The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as wellas locked wheel braking.
Checking tire inflation pressure
Correct tire inflation pressure helps improve driv-ing stability, save fuel and increase the servicelife of the tires.

WARNING
•Under-inflation is the most commoncause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation, or"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-cle control and increased risk of injury.
•Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-rying capacity of your vehicle.

Cold tires
Inflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold.
The tires are considered to be cold whenthey have the same temperature as the sur-rounding (ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after thevehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile(1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If youhave to drive farther than this distance to pumpyour tire(s), check and record the tire pressurefirst and add the appropriate air pressure whenyou get to the pump.
When weather temperature changes occur, tireinflation pressures also change. A 10-degree
temperature drop causes a corresponding dropof 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check yourtire pressures frequently and adjust them to theproper pressure, which can be found on the vehi-cle's tire information placard or certification label.
If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot,never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tiresare hot from driving and it is normal for pressuresto increase above recommended cold pressures.A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflationpressure could be significantly under-inflated.
Recommended inflation pressures
Tire inflation placard
A tire inflation pressure placard is located on thedriver's side B-pillar (the structural member at theside of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening). This placard indicates the designation

WHEELS AND TIRES
487
of the factory-mounted tires on your vehicle, aswell as load limits and inflation pressure.

NOTE
•The placard shown indicates inflationpressure for the tires installed on thevehicle at the factory only.
•A certain amount of air seepage from thetires occurs naturally and tire pressurefluctuates with seasonal changes in tem-perature. Always check tire pressure reg-ularly.
•Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation
pressure, including the spare4, at least oncea month and before long trips. You arestrongly urged to buy a reliable tire pressuregauge, as automatic service station gaugesmay be inaccurate.
•Use the recommended cold inflation pres-sure for optimum tire performance and wear.
•Under-inflation or over-inflation may causeuneven treadwear patterns.

Checking tire pressure
1. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire,then firmly press the tire gauge onto thevalve.
2. Add air to reach the recommended air pres-sure.
3. Replace the valve cap.
CAUTION
•After inflating the tires, always reinstall thevalve cap to help avoid damage to thevalve from dirt, gravel, etc.
•Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
4. Visually inspect the tires to make sure thereare no nails or other objects embedded thatcould puncture the tire and cause an air leak.
5.Check the sidewalls to make sure there areno gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregulari-ties.
6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includingthe spare.

NOTE
If you overfill the tire, release air by pushingon the metal stem in the center of the valve.Then recheck the pressure with your tiregauge.
Changing tires
When changing wheels to another dimension,always follow Volvo's instructions.
When changing to tires of another
dimension
If you mount tires with a dimension other thanthe factory-installed tires, contact an authorizedVolvo retailer to update the vehicle's software.This may also be necessary when changing fromsummer to winter tires, or vice versa.

Related information
•Snow tires and chains (p. 485)
•Installing a wheel (p. 491)
•Removing a wheel (p. 489)
4Not available in all models.