2017 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE HYBRID tires

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Uniform Tire Quality Grading
ALL PASSENGER VEHICLE TIRES MUSTCONFORM TO FEDERAL SAFETY REQUIRE-MENTS IN ADDITION TO THESE GRADES.
Quality grades can be found, where applica-ble, on the tire sidewall between the treadshoulder and maximum section width. Forexample:
Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A

TREADWEAR
The treadwear grade is a comparative ratingbased on the wear rate of the tire when testedunder controlled conditions on a specified gov-ernment test course. For example, a tire graded150 would wear one and one half (1 ½) times aswell on the government course as a tire graded100. The relative performance of tires dependsupon the actual conditions of their use, however,and many depart significantly from the norm dueto variation in driving habits, maintenance practi-ces and differences in road characteristics andclimate.

TRACTION
The traction grades, from highest to lowest, areAA, A, B, and C, as measured under controlledconditions on specified government test surfacesof asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C mayhave poor traction performance. The tractiongrade assigned to this tire is based on braking
(straight-ahead) traction tests and is not a meas-ure of cornering (turning) traction.
WARNING
The traction grade assigned to this tire isbased on braking (straight-ahead) tractiontests and is not a measure of cornering (turn-ing) traction.

TEMPERATURE
The temperature grades are A (the highest), B,and C, representing the tire's resistance to thegeneration of heat and its ability to dissipate heatwhen tested under controlled conditions on aspecified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustainedhigh temperature can cause the material of thetire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and exces-sive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure.The grade C corresponds to a minimum level ofperformance that all passenger vehicle tires mustmeet under the Federal Motor Safety StandardNo. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levelsof performance on the laboratory test wheel thanthe minimum required by law.

WARNING
The temperature grade for this tire is estab-lished for a tire that is properly inflated andnot overloaded. Excessive speed, under-infla-tion, or excessive loading, either separately orin combination, can cause heat buildup andtire failure.
Snow tires and chains
The use of snow chains and/or winter tires canhelp improve traction in winter driving conditions.
Snow chains can be used on your Volvo with thefollowing restrictions:
•Snow chains should be installed on frontwheels only. Use only Volvo approved snowchains.
•If accessory, aftermarket or "custom" tiresand wheels are installed and are of a size dif-ferent than the original tires and wheels,chains in some cases CANNOT be used.Sufficient clearances between chains andbrakes, suspension and body componentsmust be maintained.
•Some strap-on type chains will interfere withbrake components and therefore CANNOTbe used.
•All Wheel Drive models: Snow chainsshould only be installed on the front wheels.
•Certain size tires may not allow the assemblyof snow chains/traction devices.
Consult your Volvo retailer for additional snowchain information.

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CAUTION
•Snow chains should not be used onwheels larger than 19".
•Always follow the chain manufacturer'sinstallation instructions carefully. Installchains as tightly as possible andretighten periodically.
•Check local regulations regarding the useof snow chains before installing.
•Use single-sided snow chains only.
•Never exceed the chain manufacturer'sspecified maximum speed limit. (Underno circumstances should you exceed31 mph (50 km/h).
•Avoid bumps, holes or sharp turns whendriving with snow chains.
•The handling of the vehicle can beadversely affected when driving withchains. Avoid fast or sharp turns as wellas locked wheel braking.
Checking tire inflation pressure
Correct tire inflation pressure helps improve driv-ing stability, save fuel and increase the servicelife of the tires.

WARNING
•Under-inflation is the most commoncause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation, or"blow-out," with unexpected loss of vehi-cle control and increased risk of injury.
•Under-inflated tires reduce the load car-rying capacity of your vehicle.

Cold tires
Inflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold.
The tires are considered to be cold whenthey have the same temperature as the sur-rounding (ambient) air.
This temperature is normally reached after thevehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours.
After driving a distance of approximately 1 mile(1.6 km), the tires are considered to be hot. If youhave to drive farther than this distance to pumpyour tire(s), check and record the tire pressurefirst and add the appropriate air pressure whenyou get to the pump.
When weather temperature changes occur, tireinflation pressures also change. A 10-degree
temperature drop causes a corresponding dropof 1 psi (7 kPa) in inflation pressure. Check yourtire pressures frequently and adjust them to theproper pressure, which can be found on the vehi-cle's tire information placard or certification label.
If checking tire pressure when the tire is hot,never "bleed" or reduce air pressure. The tiresare hot from driving and it is normal for pressuresto increase above recommended cold pressures.A hot tire at or below recommended cold inflationpressure could be significantly under-inflated.
Recommended inflation pressures
Tire inflation placard
A tire inflation pressure placard is located on thedriver's side B-pillar (the structural member at theside of the vehicle, at the rear of the driver's dooropening). This placard indicates the designation

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of the factory-mounted tires on your vehicle, aswell as load limits and inflation pressure.

NOTE
•The placard shown indicates inflationpressure for the tires installed on thevehicle at the factory only.
•A certain amount of air seepage from thetires occurs naturally and tire pressurefluctuates with seasonal changes in tem-perature. Always check tire pressure reg-ularly.
•Use a tire gauge to check the tire inflation
pressure, including the spare4, at least oncea month and before long trips. You arestrongly urged to buy a reliable tire pressuregauge, as automatic service station gaugesmay be inaccurate.
•Use the recommended cold inflation pres-sure for optimum tire performance and wear.
•Under-inflation or over-inflation may causeuneven treadwear patterns.

Checking tire pressure
1. Remove the cap from the valve on one tire,then firmly press the tire gauge onto thevalve.
2. Add air to reach the recommended air pres-sure.
3. Replace the valve cap.
CAUTION
•After inflating the tires, always reinstall thevalve cap to help avoid damage to thevalve from dirt, gravel, etc.
•Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.
4. Visually inspect the tires to make sure thereare no nails or other objects embedded thatcould puncture the tire and cause an air leak.
5.Check the sidewalls to make sure there areno gouges, cuts, bulges or other irregulari-ties.
6. Repeat this procedure for each tire, includingthe spare.

NOTE
If you overfill the tire, release air by pushingon the metal stem in the center of the valve.Then recheck the pressure with your tiregauge.
Changing tires
When changing wheels to another dimension,always follow Volvo's instructions.
When changing to tires of another
dimension
If you mount tires with a dimension other thanthe factory-installed tires, contact an authorizedVolvo retailer to update the vehicle's software.This may also be necessary when changing fromsummer to winter tires, or vice versa.

Related information
•Snow tires and chains (p. 485)
•Installing a wheel (p. 491)
•Removing a wheel (p. 489)
4Not available in all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.488
Tools
Tools for e.g., changing wheels, etc. are locatedunder the cargo compartment floor.
The foam block under the cargo compartmentfloor contains the towing eyelet, the tool forremoving plastic wheel bolt covers, the jack* andthe lug wrench*. There is also a storage space forthe tool used to remove locking wheel bolts.

Related information
•Jack (p. 488)
•Changing tires (p. 487)
Jack
The jack is used to raise the vehicle, for examplewhen mounting winter wheels, etc.
WARNING
•The jack must correctly engage the jackattachment.
•Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface.
•Never allow any part of your body to beextended under a vehicle supported by ajack.
•Use the jack intended for the vehiclewhen changing a tire. For any other job,use stands to support the vehicle.
•Apply the parking brake and put the gearselector in the Park (P) position.
•Block the wheels standing on the ground,use rigid wooden blocks or large stones.
•The jack should be kept well-greased andclean, and should not be damaged.
•No objects should be placed between thebase of jack and the ground, or betweenthe jack and the attachment bar on thevehicle.
CAUTION
•When not in use, the jack* should be keptin its storage compartment under thecargo compartment floor.
•The jack provided with your vehicle isintended to be used only in temporary sit-uations such as changing wheels in theevent of a flat tire. Only the jack thatcame with your particular model shouldbe used to lift the vehicle. If the vehicleneeds to be lifted more frequently or for aprolonged period, using a garage jack orhoist is recommended. Always follow thisdevice

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.489
Wheel bolts
The wheel bolts hold the wheel in place.

CAUTION
Wheel bolts should be tightened to 103 ft.lbs. (140 Nm). Over-tightening could damagethe threads.
Only use wheels/rims that have been tested andapproved by Volvo and are included in Volvo'sproduct range.
Use a torque wrench to check that the wheelbolts are tightened correctly.
Never lubricate the wheel bolts' threads.

Locking wheel bolts *
A tool for removing locking wheel bolts can befound in the foam block under the cargo com-partment floor.

Related information
•Changing tires (p. 487)
•Installing a wheel (p. 491)
Removing a wheel
Wheel changes should always be carried outcorrectly.
1. Turn on the hazard warning flashers if thewheel change has to be done near passingtraffic.
2.Apply the parking brake and put the gearselector in P.
CAUTION
Models with suspension and level con-trol*:
Turn this function off before raising the vehi-cle.
To do so, go to SettingsVehicleDeactivate Suspension & Leveling Controlin the center display's Top view.
WARNING
•The jack must correctly engage the jackattachment.
•Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface.
•Never allow any part of your body to beextended under a vehicle supported by ajack.
•Use the jack intended for the vehicle whenchanging a tire. For any other job, usestands to support the vehicle.
•Apply the parking brake and put the gearselector in the Park (P) position.
•Block the wheels standing on the ground,use rigid wooden blocks or large stones.
•The jack should be kept well-greased andclean, and should not be damaged.
•No objects should be placed between thebase of jack and the ground, or betweenthe jack and the attachment bar on thevehicle.

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NOTE
The jack provided with your vehicle isintended to be used only in temporary situa-tions such as changing wheels in the event ofa flat tire. Only the jack that came with yourparticular model should be used to lift thevehicle. If the vehicle needs to be lifted morefrequently or for a prolonged period, using agarage jack or hoist is recommended. Alwaysfollow this device

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Installing a wheel
It is important to install wheels properly.
1. Clean the contact surfaces on the wheel andhub.
2.Lift the wheel and place it on the hub.
3. Install the wheel bolts and tighten hand-tight.Using the lug wrench, tighten crosswise untilall bolts are snug.
4.Lower the vehicle to the ground and alter-nately tighten the bolts crosswise to103 ft. lbs. (140 Nm).
5. Press the plastic covers onto the wheel bolts.

CAUTION
•After inflating the tires, always reinstallthe valve cap to help avoid damage to thevalve from dirt, gravel, etc.
•Use plastic valve caps only. Metal capscould corrode and become difficult toremove.

Related information
•Wheel bolts (p. 489)
•Jack (p. 488)
Tire Pressure Monitoring System(TPMS)
TPMS provides a warning if inflation pressure inone or more tires is too low. It also uses a sym-bol (called a telltale) that will flash for60 seconds and then glow steadily if there is asystem malfunction.
TPMS uses the rotational speed of the tires incombination with signal analysis of the ABS sen-sor signals to determine if they are properly infla-ted. When a tire is under-inflated, its diameter(and consequently also its rotational speed)changes. By comparing the individual tires witheach other it is possible to determine if one ormore tires are under inflated. If inflation pressureis too low, an indicator symbol will illuminate inthe instrument panel and a text message will bedisplayed.
SymbolExplanation
The symbol illuminates to indicatelow tire inflation pressure.
If a malfunction occurs in the sys-tem, the tire pressure warning sym-bol will flash for approximately1 minute and then remain illumi-nated.
Each tire, including the spare (if provided), shouldbe checked monthly when cold and inflated to

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the inflation pressure recommended by the vehi-cle manufacturer on the vehicle placard or tireinflation pressure label. (If your vehicle has tiresof a different size than the size indicated on thevehicle placard or tire inflation pressure label, youshould determine the proper tire inflation pres-sure for those tires.)
As an added safety feature, your vehicle hasbeen equipped with a tire pressure monitoringsystem (TPMS) that illuminates a low tire pres-sure telltale when one or more of your tires issignificantly under-inflated. Accordingly, when thelow tire pressure telltale illuminates, you shouldstop and check your tires as soon as possible,and inflate them to the proper pressure.
Driving on a significantly under-inflated tire cau-ses the tire to overheat and can lead to tire fail-ure. Under-inflation also reduces fuel efficiencyand tire tread life, and may affect the vehicle'shandling and stopping ability. Please note thatthe TPMS is not a substitute for proper tire main-tenance, and it is the driver's responsibility tomaintain correct tire pressure, even if under-infla-tion has not reached the level to trigger illumina-tion of the TPMS low tire pressure telltale.
Your vehicle has also been equipped with aTPMS malfunction indicator to indicate when thesystem is not operating properly. The TPMS mal-function indicator is combined with the low tirepressure telltale.
When the system detects a malfunction, the tell-tale will flash for approximately one minute andthen remain continuously illuminated. Thissequence will continue upon subsequent vehiclestart-ups as long as the malfunction exists. Whenthe malfunction indicator is illuminated, the sys-tem may not be able to detect or signal low tirepressure as intended.
TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety ofreasons, including the installation of replacementor alternate tires or wheels on the vehicle thatprevent the TPMS from functioning properly.Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale afterreplacing one or more tires or wheels on yourvehicle to ensure that the replacement or alter-nate tires and wheels allow the TPMS to con-tinue to function properly.

Messages in the instrument panel
When the TPMS symbol illuminates, the followingtext messages may also be displayed:
•Tire pressure low
•Tire pressure system Temporarilyunavailable
•Tire pressure system Service required
If TPMS cannot determine which tire(s) have lowinflation pressure:
•All four tires will be shown as affected in thecenter display
After changing wheels, always calibrate the sys-tem to avoid false warnings.
TPMS does not replace the need for regular tireinspection and maintenance.
NOTE
If you change to tires with a different dimen-sion than the factory-installed ones, theTPMS system must be calibrated for thesetires.
TPMS cannot be turned off.

WARNING
Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to tirefailure, resulting in a loss of control of thevehicle.

Related information
•Checking tire inflation pressure (p. 493)
•Reinflating tires equipped with the TirePressure Monitoring System (TPMS)(p. 494)
•Ignition modes (p. 400)