2017 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE HYBRID engine

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CAUTION
Avoid spilling gasoline during refueling. Inaddition to causing damage to the environ-ment, gasolines containing alcohol can causedamage to painted surfaces, which may notbe covered under the New Vehicle LimitedWarranty.

Related information
•Fuel (p. 391)
•Octane rating (p. 392)
Emission controls
Three-way catalytic converter
•Keep your engine properly tuned. Certainengine malfunctions, particularly involving theelectrical, fuel or distributor ignition systems,may cause unusually high three-way catalyticconverter temperatures. Do not continue tooperate your vehicle if you detect enginemisfire, noticeable loss of power or otherunusual operating conditions, such as engineoverheating or backfiring. A properly tunedengine will help avoid malfunctions thatcould damage the three-way catalytic con-verter.
•Do not park your vehicle over combustiblematerials, such as grass or leaves, which cancome into contact with the hot exhaust sys-tem and cause such materials to ignite undercertain wind and weather conditions.
•Excessive starter cranking (in excess of oneminute), or an intermittently firing or floodedengine can cause three-way catalytic con-verter or exhaust system overheating.
•Remember that tampering or unauthorizedmodifications to the engine, the Engine Con-trol Module, or the vehicle may be illegal andcan cause three-way catalytic converter orexhaust system overheating. This includes:altering fuel injection settings or compo-nents, altering emission system components
or location or removing components, and/orrepeated use of leaded fuel.

NOTE
Unleaded fuel is required for vehicles withthree-way catalytic converters.

Heated oxygen sensors
The heated oxygen sensors monitor the oxygencontent of the exhaust gases. Readings are fedinto a control module that continuously monitorsengine functions and controls fuel injection. Theratio of fuel to air into the engine is continuouslyadjusted for efficient combustion to help reduceharmful emissions.

Related information
•Octane rating (p. 392)

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Jump starting
Follow the instructions provided here to jumpstart your vehicle or to jump start another vehi-cle.
Jumper cable connecting terminals

NOTE
The vehicle cannot be started if the hybridbattery is discharged.

CAUTION
The vehicle's jumper cable connecting termi-nals may only be used to start your vehicle.They are not intended to be used to help startanother vehicle. If they are used to startanother vehicle, a fuse may blow and the ter-minal will not function.
If a fuse blows, 12 V Battery Fuse failureService required will be displayed in the instru-ment panel. Contact a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician.
Use the following steps when jump starting yourvehicle to help prevent short circuits or otherdamage.
1.Switch the ignition off completely (mode 0).
2.Ensure that the auxiliary battery to be used is12-volt.
3. If the 12-volt auxiliary battery to be used is inanother vehicle, switch off that vehicle's igni-tion and be sure that the vehicles are nottouching each other.
4. Connect one of the red jumper cable'sclamps to the auxiliary battery's positive (+)terminal (1).
CAUTION
Connect the jumper cables carefully to avoidshort circuits with other components in theengine compartment.
5. Open the cover over the positive (+) jumpstart terminal (2).
6.Connect the red jumper cable's other clampto your vehicle's positive (+) jump start termi-nal (2).
7. Connect one of the black jumper cable'sclamps to the auxiliary battery's negative (–)terminal (3).
8. Connect the black jumper cable's otherclamp to your vehicle's negative (–) jumpstart terminal (4).
9. Check that the jumper cables are securelyattached to help avoid sparks when the vehi-cle is started.
10. Start the engine in the assisting vehicle andrun it for a short time at approx. 1,500 rpm.

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11. Start the engine in your vehicle. If the vehicledoes not start, allow an additional10 minutes of charging time and then try tostart the engine again.

NOTE
During normal starts, the electric motor is pri-oritized and the gasoline engine will not start.This means that when the start knob hasbeen turned toward START and released, theelectric motor is activated ("started") and thevehicle is ready to be driven. The warning andinformation symbols in the instrument panelwill go out and the chosen theme will be dis-played to indicate that the electric motor hasbeen activated.

CAUTION
Do not touch the jumper cable connectionswhile the vehicle is being started. This couldgenerate sparks.
12. After the vehicle has started, carefullyremove the jumper cables in reverse order,beginning with the black one.
Ensure that the black jumper cable's clampsdo not come in contact with the vehicle's orthe auxiliary battery's positive terminals orthe red jumper cable's clamps while it is con-nected.
WARNING
PROPOSITION 65 WARNING!
Battery posts, terminals, and related accesso-ries contain lead and lead compounds, chemi-cals known to the state of California to causecancer and reproductive harm. Wash handsafter handling.

WARNING
•Do not connect the jumper cable to anypart of the fuel system or to any movingparts. Avoid touching hot manifolds.
•Batteries generate hydrogen gas, whichis flammable and explosive.
•Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do notallow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin,fabrics or painted surfaces. If contactoccurs, flush the affected area immedi-ately with water. Obtain medical helpimmediately if eyes are affected.
•Never expose the battery to open flameor electric spark.
•Do not smoke near the battery.
•Failure to follow the instructions for jumpstarting can lead to injury.

Related information
•Ignition modes (p. 400)
•Starting the engine (p. 402)
•Turning the engine off (p. 404)
•Start battery (p. 512)
•Opening and closing the hood (p. 539)
•Charging the hybrid battery (p. 413)

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Driving with a trailer
When towing a trailer, always observe the legalrequirements of the state/province.
•All Volvo models are equipped with energy-absorbing shock-mounted bumpers. Trailerhitch installation should not interfere with theproper operation of this bumper system.
Trailer towing does not normally present any par-ticular problems, but take into consideration:
•Increase tire pressure to recommended fullpressure.
•When your vehicle is new, avoid towing heavytrailers during the first 620 miles (1,000 km).
•Maximum speed when towing a trailer:50 mph (80 km/h).
•Engine and transmission are subject toincreased loads. Therefore, engine coolanttemperature should be closely watched whendriving in hot climates or hilly terrain. Use alower gear and turn off the air conditioner ifthe temperature gauge needle enters the redrange.
•If the automatic transmission begins to over-heat, a message will be displayed in the textwindow.
•Avoid overload and other abusive operation.
•Hauling a trailer affects handling, durability,and economy.
•It is necessary to balance trailer brakes withthe towing vehicle brakes to provide a safestop (check and observe state/local regula-tions).
•Do not connect the trailer's brake systemdirectly to the vehicle's brake system.
•More frequent vehicle maintenance isrequired.
•Remove the ball holder when the hitch is notbeing used.

NOTE
•When parking the vehicle with a trailer ona hill, apply the parking brake before put-ting the gear selector in P. Always followthe trailer manufacturer's recommenda-tions for wheel chocking.
•When starting on a hill, put the gearselector in D before releasing the parkingbrake.
•If you use the manual (Geartronic) shiftpositions while towing a trailer, make surethe gear you select does not put toomuch strain on the engine (using toohigh a gear).
•The drawbar assembly/trailer hitch maybe rated for trailers heavier than the vehi-cle is designed to tow. Please adhere toVolvo's recommended trailer weights.
•Avoid driving with a trailer on inclines ofmore than 15%.

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CAUTION
The maximum trailer weights listed are onlyapplicable for altitudes up to 3,280 ft(1000 m) above sea level. With increasingaltitude the engine power and therefore thecar's climbing ability are impaired because ofthe reduced air density, so the maximumtrailer weight has to be reduced accordingly.The weight of the vehicle and trailer must bereduced by 10% for every further 3,280 ft(1,000 m) (or part thereof). When towing5,000 lbs (2,250 kg) hill inclination is restric-ted to 14%.
WARNING
•Bumper-attached trailer hitches must notbe used on Volvos, nor should safetychains be attached to the bumper.
•Trailer hitches attaching to the vehiclerear axle must not be used.
•Never connect a trailer's hydraulic brakesystem directly to the vehicle brake sys-tem, nor a trailer's lighting system directlyto the vehicle lighting system. Consultyour nearest authorized Volvo retailer forcorrect installation.
•When towing a trailer, the trailer's safetychains or wire must be correctly fastenedto the attachment points provided in thetrailer hitch on the vehicle. The safetychain or wire must never be fastened toor wound around the towing ball.

Trailer cable
An adapter is required if the vehicle's trailer hitchhas a 13-pin connector and the trailer has 7 pins.Use an adapter cable approved by Volvo. Makesure the cable does not drag on the ground.

Related information
•Detachable trailer hitch (p. 398)
•Trailer Stability Assist (TSA) (p. 399)
•Weights (p. 563)
Detachable trailer hitch
Volvo recommends the use of Volvo trailerhitches that are specially designed for the vehi-cle.
Ball holder
Cotter pin
Hitch assembly
Locking bolt
Safety wire attachment

Installing the ball holder
1. If necessary, remove the cotter pin from thelocking bolt and slide the locking bolt out ofthe hitch assembly.
2. Slide the ball holder into the hitch assembly.

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3.Align the hole in the ball holder with the onein the hitch assembly.
4. Slide the locking bolt through the hitchassembly/ball holder.
5. Insert the cotter pin in the hole at the end ofthe locking bolt.

Removing the ball holder
1. Remove the cotter pin from the locking boltand slide the locking bolt out of the ballholder/hitch assembly.
2. Pull the ball holder out of the hitch assembly.

NOTE
A cover for the hitch assembly is alsoincluded in the kit.
Stowing the ball holder
Compartment for the detachable trailer hitch

WARNING
When not in use, the detachable trailer hitchshould always be kept in its compartment inthe foam block under the cargo compartmentfloor (see the illustration).

Related information
•Driving with a trailer (p. 397)
•Trailer Stability Assist (TSA) (p. 399)
Trailer Stability Assist (TSA)
Trailer Stability Assist is a system designed tohelp stabilize a vehicle that is towing a trailerwhen the vehicle and trailer have begun to swayand is part of the Electronic Stability Control sys-tem.
Function
A vehicle towing a trailer may begin to sway forvarious reasons. Normally this only occurs at highspeeds but, for example, if the trailer is overloa-ded or if the load is unevenly distributed in thetrailer, there is risk of swaying.
Swaying may be caused by factors such as:
•The vehicle and trailer are hit by a sudden,strong crosswind
•The vehicle and trailer are traveling on anuneven road surface or drive over a bump
•Sudden movements of the steering wheel

Facts about TSA
•The stability system symbol in the instrumentpanel will flash when TSA is working
•If the driver switches off the stability system'sSpin Control function, TSA will also beswitched off (but will be on again the nexttime the engine is started)
•TSA may not intervene when the vehicle andtrailer begin to sway if the driver tries to com-pensate for the swaying motion by movingthe steering wheel rapidly

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How TSA works
Once swaying has begun, it can be very difficultto stop, which makes it difficult to control thevehicle and trailer.
The TSA system continuously monitors the vehi-cle's movements, particularly lateral movement. Ifthe system detects a tendency to sway, thebrakes are applied individually on the frontwheels, which has a stabilizing effect on the vehi-cle and trailer. This is often enough to enable thedriver to regain control of the vehicle.
If this is not adequate to stop the swaying motion,the brakes are applied to all of the wheels on thevehicle and on the trailer if it is equipped withbrakes, and engine power is temporarily reduced.As the swaying motion begins to decrease andthe vehicle-trailer have once again become sta-ble, TSA will now stop regulating the brakes/engine power and the driver regains control ofthe vehicle.
TSA is deactivated if the driver deactivates ESCin the center display's menu system.
When the ESC symbol in theinstrument panel flashes, TSAis active.
Related information
•Detachable trailer hitch (p. 398)
•Driving with a trailer (p. 397)
•Electronic Stability Control (ESC) (p. 263)
Ignition modes
The vehicle's ignition can be put in variousmodes (levels) to make different functions availa-ble.
The vehicle's ignition has 3 modes: 0, I, and IIthat can be used to operate various functionswithout starting the engine. The following tableshows examples of which functions are availablein the respective modes.

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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.401
ModeFunctions available
0•The odometer, clock and tem-perature gauge are illuminated
•Power seats* can be adjusted
•The power windows can be oper-ated
•The 12-volt socket in the cargocompartment can be used
•The center display is activatedand can be used
•The infotainment system can beused for a limited time
In this mode, certain functions canonly be used for a limited time to helpminimize battery drain
I•The laminated panoramic roof*,power seats*/windows,12-voltsockets in the passenger com-partment, Bluetooth, navigationsystem*, climate system blower,windshield wipers can be oper-ated
•The infotainment system will start(if it was started when the ignitionwas switched off)
Using electrical current will drainthe start battery in this mode.
ModeFunctions available
II•The headlights illuminate
•Warning/indicator lights illumi-nate for 5 seconds
•A number of other functions willalso be activated. However, theheated seats* and heated rearwindow functions can only beactivated when the engine is run-ning.
This mode should only be used forvery short periods to help avoiddraining the battery.

Selecting an ignition mode
Start knob in the tunnel console
•Ignition mode 0: unlock the vehicle andkeep the remote key in the passenger's com-partment.
NOTE
To access ignition modes I or II without star-ting the engine, the brake pedal must not bedepressed when these modes are selected.
•Ignition mode I: Turn the start knob toSTART and release it. The knob will returnautomatically to its original position.
•Ignition mode II: Turn the start knob toSTART and hold it there for approx.4 seconds. Release the knob.
•Returning to ignition mode 0: To return tomode 0 from mode II or I, turn the start knobto STOP and release it.

Related information
•Starting the engine (p. 402)
•Turning the engine off (p. 404)