2017 CADILLAC ESCALADE fuel

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
334 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
Footnotes—Maintenance Schedule
Additional Required Services -
Severe
(1) Or every two years, whichever
comes first. More frequent passenger
compartment air filter replacement
may be needed if driving in areas with
heavy traffic, poor air quality, high
dust levels, or environmental
allergens. Passenger compartment air
filter replacement may also be needed
if there is reduced airf low, window
fogging, or odors. Your GM dealer can
help determine when to replace the
filter.
(2) Visually check all fuel and vapor
lines and hoses for proper attachment,
connection, routing, and condition.
(3) Or every four years, whichever
comes first. If driving in dusty
conditions, inspect the filter at each
oil change or more often as needed.
(4) Do not directly power wash the
transfer case and/or front/rear axle
output seals. High pressure water can
overcome the seals and contaminate
the transfer case fluid. Contaminated fluid will decrease the life of the
transfer case and/or axles and should
be replaced.
(5)
Or every five years, whichever
comes first. See Cooling System0263.
(6) Or every 10 years, whichever
comes first. Inspect for fraying,
excessive cracking, or damage; replace,
if needed.
(7) Replace brake fluid every five
years. See Brake Fluid 0269.Special Application
Services
Severe Conditions Requiring
More Frequent Maintenance
.
Public service, military,
or commercial use vehicles to
include the following:
‐Ambulances, police cars and
emergency rescue vehicles.
‐ Civilian vehicles such as light
duty pick-up trucks, SUVs and
passenger cars that are used in
military applications.
‐ Recovery vehicles such as tow
trucks and flatbed single vehicle
carriers or any vehicle that is
consistently used in towing
trailers or other loads.
‐ High use commercial vehicles
such as courier delivery vehicles,
private security patrol vehicles
or any vehicles that operate on
a 24 hour basis.

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
336 SERVICE AND MAINTENANCE
Recommended Fluids, Lubricants, and Parts
Recommended Fluids and Lubricants
Fluids and lubricants identified below by name, part number, or specification can be obtained from your dealer.Usage Fluid/Lubricant
Automatic Transmission DEXRON
®-HP Automatic Transmission Fluid (GM Part No. 19300536).
Chassis Lubrication Chassis Lubricant (GM Part No. 12377985) or lubricant meeting requirements of NLGI #2, Category LB or GC-LB.
Engine Coolant 50/50 mixture of clean, drinkable water and use only DEX-COOL
®Coolant. See
Engine Coolant 0264.
Engine Oil Engine oil meeting the dexos1™ specification of the proper SAE viscosity grade.
ACDelco dexos1 Synthetic Blend is recommended. See Engine Oil0258.
Front Axle (4WD Only) SAE 75W-90 Synthetic Axle Lubricant (GM Part No. 88900401).
Hydraulic Brake System DOT 3 Hydraulic Brake Fluid (GM Part No. 19299818).
Key Lock Cylinders, Hood Hinges, Body Door Hinge Pins, Liftgate Hinge and
Linkage, Outer Liftgate Handle Pivot Points, and Fuel Door Hinge Multi-Purpose Lubricant, Superlube (GM Part No. 12346241).
Rear Axle SAE 75W-85 Synthetic Axle Lubricant (GM Part No. 19300457).
Transfer Case DEXRON
®-VI Automatic Transmission Fluid.
Weatherstrip Conditioning Weatherstrip Lubricant (GM Part No. 3634770) or Dielectric Silicone Grease (GM Part No. 12345579).

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
340 TECHNICAL DATA
Vehicle Data
Capacities and Specifications
The following approximate capacities are given in metric and English conversions. SeeRecommended Fluids and Lubricants
0 336 for more information.
Application Capacities
Metric English
Air Conditioning Refrigerant For the air conditioning system refrigerant type and
charge amount, see the refrigerant label under the hood. See your dealer for more information.
Cooling System 16.5 L17.4 qt
Engine Oil with Filter 7.6 L8.0 qt
Fuel Tank Regular 98.4 L26.0 gal
Extended 1500 Series 119.2 L31.5 gal
Transfer Case Fluid 1.5 L1.6 qt
Wheel Nut Torque 190Y 140 lb ft
All capacities are approximate. When adding, be sure to fill to the approximate level, as recommended in this manual.
Recheck fluid level after filling.

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
342 CUSTOMER INFORMATION
Customer
Information
Vehicle Data Recording and
Privacy
Vehicle Data Recording andPrivacy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Vehicle Data Recording
and Privacy
The vehicle has a number of
computers that record information
about the vehicle’s performance and
how it is driven. For example, the
vehicle uses computer modules to
monitor and control engine and
transmission performance, to monitor
the conditions for airbag deployment
and deploy them in a crash, and,
if equipped, to provide antilock
braking to help the driver control the
vehicle. These modules may store data
to help the dealer technician service
the vehicle. Some modules may also
store data about how the vehicle is
operated, such as rate of fuel
consumption or average speed. These
modules may retain personal
preferences, such as radio presets, seat
positions, and temperature settings.
Event Data Recorders
This vehicle is equipped with an event
data recorder (EDR). The main
purpose of an EDR is to record, in
certain crash or near crash-like situations, such as an airbag
deployment or hitting a road obstacle,
data that will assist in understanding
how a vehicle's systems performed.
The EDR is designed to record data
related to vehicle dynamics and safety
systems for a short period of time,
typically 30 seconds or less. The EDR
in this vehicle is designed to record
such data as:
.
How various systems in your
vehicle were operating.
. Whether or not the driver and
passenger safety belts were
buckled/fastened;
. How far (if at all) the driver was
depressing the accelerator and/or
brake pedal; and
. How fast the vehicle was traveling.
These data can help provide a better
understanding of the circumstances in
which crashes and injuries occur.
Note
EDR data are recorded by your vehicle
only if a non-trivial crash situation
occurs. No data are recorded by the
EDR under normal driving conditions
and no personal data (e.g., name,

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
344 INDEX
IndexA
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . 255
Accessory Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Active Fuel Management
®. . . . . . . . . 202
Adaptive Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Add-On Electrical Equipment . . . . . . 252
Adjustable Throttle and Brake
Pedal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Adjustments Lumbar, Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Air Cleaner/Filter, Engine . . . . . . . . . . 262
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173, 177
Air Filter, Passenger Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Air Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Airbag System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
How Does an Airbag Restrain? . . . . . 82
Passenger Sensing System . . . . . . . . . 84
What Makes an Airbag Inflate? . . . . 82
What Will You See after anAirbag Inflates? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
When Should an Airbag Inflate? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Where Are the Airbags? . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Airbags Adding Equipment to theVehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88 Airbags (cont'd)
Passenger Status Indicator . . . . . . . 129
Readiness Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Servicing Airbag-Equipped
Vehicles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
System Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Alarm Vehicle Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Alert
Lane Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Side Blind Zone (SBZA) . . . . . . . . . . 238
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
All-Terrain Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Antilock Brake System (ABS) . . . . . . 212 Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Appearance Care Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324
Armrest Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Ashtrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Assistance Systems for Driving . . . . 234
Assistance Systems for Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Automatic Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Forward Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Level Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
346 INDEX
Coolant (cont'd)Engine Temperature Gauge . . . . . . 127
Engine Temperature Warning
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .173, 177
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263 Engine Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Cornering Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220 Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Cruise Control, Adaptive . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
D
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . . . . . 2
Data Collection Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . 166
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Dome Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Door
Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Ajar Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Door (cont'd)
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . . . . 341
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . 229
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Driving Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Characteristics and
Towing Tips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
For Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . 190
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Winter Mode Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Dual Automatic Climate
Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
E
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Electric Parking Brake Light . . . . . . . 132
Electrical Equipment, Add-On . . . . . 252
Electrical SystemEngine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283, 286
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Rear Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
Engine
Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Check and Service EngineSoon Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . 257
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264
Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . 127
Coolant Temperature Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Cooling System Messages . . . . . . . . 146
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
INDEX 347
Engine (cont'd)Oil Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 199
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 342
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Extended Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . 166
F
Fan Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Features
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . 168
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . 261 Fluid (cont'd)
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Four-Wheel Drive
Transfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Forward Automatic Braking . . . . . . . . 237
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Four-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209, 272
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Front Seats Heated and Cooled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Economy Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Filling a Portable FuelContainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 244
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . 137
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 Engine Compartment FuseBlock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 Fuses (cont'd)
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283, 286
Rear Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
G
Garage Door OpenerProgramming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Gauges
Engine Coolant Temperature . . . . 127
Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Trip Odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Warning Lights andIndicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
General Information
Service and Maintenance . . . . . . . . 328
Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Vehicle Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Glass Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
Glove Box . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109

Cadillac Escalade Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-MidEast-10293077) -
2017 - crc - 8/24/16
INDEX 349
Lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134Airbag Readiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Antilock Brake System (ABS)
Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Brake System Warning . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Charging System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Electric Parking Brake . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Engine Coolant Temperature Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Engine Oil Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 166
High-Beam On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
High/Low Beam Changer . . . . . . . . . 166
Low Fuel Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Safety Belt Reminders . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Service Electric Parking Brake . . . 133
Sport Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
StabiliTrak
®OFF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136
Tow/Haul Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Traction Control System (TCS)/StabiliTrak
®. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Traction Off . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Winter Driving Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Locking Rear Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219 Locks
Automatic Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Lockout Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Power Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Low-Profile Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291
Lower Anchors and Tethers for Children (LATCH System) . . . . . . . . . 96
Lumbar Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Front Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
M
Magnetic Ride Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
MaintenanceRecords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Maintenance Schedule . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329 Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Transfer Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Malfunction Indicator Lamp . . . . . . . 130
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Massage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Memory Features . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Memory Seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Messages
Airbag System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Battery Voltage and Charging . . . . 144
Brake System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Door Ajar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Engine Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Engine Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Fuel System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Key and Lock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Object Detection System . . . . . . . . . 148
Ride Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Safety Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Security . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Service Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Starting the Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Steering System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Vehicle Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Vehicle Speed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Mirror Child-View . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49