2016 VOLVO XC90 T8 trailer

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STARTING AND DRIVING
370
How TSA worksOnce swaying has begun, it can be very difficult to stop, which makes it difficult to control thevehicle and trailer. The TSA system continuously monitors the vehi- cle's movements, particularly lateral movement. Ifthe system detects a tendency to sway, thebrakes are applied individually on the frontwheels, which has a stabilizing effect on the vehi-cle and trailer. This is often enough to enable thedriver to regain control of the vehicle. If this is not adequate to stop the swaying motion, the brakes are applied to all of the wheels on thevehicle and on the trailer if it is equipped withbrakes, and engine power is temporarily reduced.As the swaying motion begins to decrease andthe vehicle-trailer have once again become sta-ble, TSA will now stop regulating the brakes/engine power and the driver regains control ofthe vehicle. TSA is deactivated if the driver deactivates
ESCin the center display's menu system.When the ESC symbol in the
instrument panel flashes, TSA is active.
Related information
• Detachable trailer hitch (p. 368)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 367)
• Electronic Stability Control (ESC) (p. 323)
Ignition modes
The vehicle's ignition can be put in various modes (levels) to make different functions availa-ble.
The vehicle's ignition has 3 modes: 0, I, and II
that can be used to operate various functions without starting the engine. The following tableshows examples of which functions are availablein the respective modes.

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STARTING AND DRIVING
392
SAVE
This mode makes it possible to save electrical energy (hybrid battery charge) for times whenusing the electric motor is more suitable (e.g., citydriving). Using the electric motor only saves more fuel at low speeds than at high ones. Therefore, use theSAVE mode primarily when the hybrid battery'scharge level is high and driving will initially be athighway speeds but will end with city drivingwhen electric driving is preferable. If the hybrid battery's charge level is low when this mode is selected, the gasoline engine willstart and charge the hybrid battery up to approx.33%. If the battery's charge level is already above33%, this level will be maintained by the enginemanagement system, which will start/stop the gasoline engine in the same way as in
Hybriddrive mode. This mode increases fuel consumption because the gasoline engine is used to conserve batterycharge for later use.
OFF ROAD
This mode helps maximize the vehicle's capacity to traverse difficult terrain or poor roads. In OFF ROAD, ground clearance is maximized, the steering is light, All Wheel Drive and HillDescent Control are activated and a compassand altimeter will be displayed in the instrumentpanel.This drive mode can only be activated at lowspeeds (the permissible speed range will beshown on the speedometer). At higher speeds,OFF ROAD mode will be cancelled and AWD willbe activated. This mode is not intended for normal street driv- ing.
CAUTION
OFF ROAD drive mode may not be used if the vehicle is towing a trailer without an elec-trical connection. This could result in damageto the pneumatic suspension system's bel-lows.
Due to the increased ground clearance, if the OFF ROAD mode was selected when the enginewas switched off, it will also restart in this mode.
AWD
This mode offers improved traction using four- wheel drive and is intended primarily for low-speed driving on slippery surfaces. However, italso helps increase directional stability at higherspeeds. In this mode, both the electric motor and the gas- oline engine are used continuously, which resultsin higher fuel consumption.
POWER
Power mode is intended for sportier, more active
driving. This mode maximizes the combined effects of the electric motor and the gasoline engine andprovides power to all four wheels. Response topressure on the accelerator pedal is more imme-diate and the transmission shifts up at higherspeeds. Steering response is also more immedi-ate, the suspension is stiffer and lower groundclearance reduces body roll when cornering. In this mode, both the electric motor and the gas- oline engine are used continuously, which resultsin higher fuel consumption.

STARTING AND DRIVING
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399
–Pull either paddle toward the steering wheel and release it.
"– ": Shift down one gear.
"+ ": Shift up one gear.
A gear shift will take place each time a paddle is pulled if the engine speed (rpm) is within the per-missible range for the selected gear. The gear number shown in the instrument panel will change after each gear shift.
Deactivating the paddles
Manually
–Pull both paddles toward the steering wheel and hold them until the number of the cur-rent gear is no longer displayed in the instru-ment panel.
Automatically
If the paddles are not used for a period of time, they will deactivate automatically. The number ofthe current gear in the instrument panel changes to " D".
The paddles will remain active if engine braking is currently being used.
Related information
• Gear selector positions (p. 396)
• Gear shift indicator (p. 396)
Low Speed Control (LSC) Low Speed Control (LSC) helps make off-road driving easier on slippery surfaces when towinga trailer on grass, etc. This feature is part of the
Off Road drive mode.
When driving at low speeds, LSC prioritizes low gears and all wheel drive to help avoid wheel spinand to improve the vehicle's tractive force. Theaccelerator pedal and engine react differently tomake low-speed driving easier. It is activated along with Hill Descent Control (HDC), which increases engine braking to helpkeep vehicle speed low and smooth, even drivingdown steep hills.

STARTING AND DRIVING
401
Suspension leveling settings
Easy entry
The vehicle can be lowered to entering and exit- ing easier. Select
SettingsVehicleEasy Entry/Exit
Control via the center display's Top view to lower
the vehicle when getting in or out. When the vehicle is parked and the engine is turned off, the level is lowered (if a side door isopened, the level adjustment will stop). When theengine is started and the vehicle begins to move,the level will be raised to the height set by theselected drive mode.
Turning off suspension and leveling control
In certain situations, this function has to be turned off, for example when lifting the vehicle ona jack or garage hoist. 1. Tap
Settings in the center display's Top
view.
2. Tap
My CarSuspension .
3. Select
Deactivate Suspension & Leveling
Control.
Changing suspension control
Three different levels of suspension control can be selected from the center display: 1. Tap
Settings in the center display's Top
view. 2.
Tap
My CarDrive Mode.
3. Under
Suspension Control, select Eco,Comfort or Dynamic.
Loading mode
Use the buttons in the cargo compartment to raise or lower the vehicle to make loading orunloading easier or when attaching a trailer.
Parking the vehicleWhen parking, be sure that there is adequatespace above and below the vehicle since itsground clearance may vary, e.g., depending onthe ambient temperature, how the vehicle is loa-ded, if loading mode is being used or the drivemode selected after the engine is started. The level may also be adjusted for a certain time after the vehicle has been parked to compensatefor possible height adjustments due to tempera-ture changes in the pneumatic suspension whenthe vehicle has cooled.
TransportWhen transporting the vehicle on a ferry, train ora tow truck, it may only be secured (lashed)around the tires, not using any other chassiscomponents. Changes in the pneumatic suspen-sion may occur during transport that could nega-tively affect the lashing and result in damage.
Related information
• Drive modes (p. 390)
• Driving with a trailer (p. 367)
• Loading (p. 215)
8
Standard equipment on certain models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
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449
Tread wear indicatorThe tires have wear indicator strips running across or parallel to the tread.
The letters TWI are printed on the side of the tire. When approximately 1/16" (1.6 mm) is left onthe tread, these strips become visible and indi-cate that the tire should be replaced. Tires withless than 1/16" (1.6 mm) tread offer very poortraction. When replacing worn tires, it is recommended that the tire be identical in type (radial) and sizeas the one being replaced. Using a tire of thesame make (manufacturer) will help preventalteration of the driving characteristics of thevehicle.
Related information
• Tire direction of rotation (p. 448)
• Checking tire inflation pressure (p. 451)
Loading specifications Properly loading your vehicle will provide maxi- mum return of vehicle design performance.
Weight designations
Before loading your vehicle, familiarize yourself with the following terms for determining yourvehicle's weight ratings, with or without a trailer,from the vehicle's Federal/Canadian Motor Vehi-cle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label, andthe vehicle's tire information placard:
Curb weight
The weight of the vehicle including a full tank of fuel and all standard equipment. It does notinclude passengers, cargo, or optional equipment.
Capacity weight
All weight added to the curb weight, including cargo and optional equipment. When towing,trailer hitch tongue load is also part of cargoweight.
Permissible axle weight
The maximum allowable weight that can be car- ried by a single axle (front or rear). These num-bers are shown on the Federal/Canadian MotorVehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS/CMVSS) label.The total load on each axle must never exceed itsmaximum permissible weight.
Gross vehicle weight (GVW)
The vehicle's curb weight + cargo + passengers.
Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit
1. Locate the statement "the combined weight
of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs." on your vehicle's plac-ard.
2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in yourvehicle.
3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs.
4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity.For example, if the "XXX" amount equals1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb. pas-sengers in your vehicle, the amount of availa-ble cargo and luggage load capacity is650 lbs. (1400 – 750 (5 × 150) = 650 lbs.)
5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. Thatweight may not safely exceed the availablecargo and luggage load capacity calculatedin Step 4.
6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to yourvehicle. Consult this manual to determinehow this reduces the available cargo and lug-gage load capacity of your vehicle.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.495
Positions
•Fuses 13–17 and 21–36 are called "Micro".
• Fuses 1–12, 18–20 and 37 are called "MCase" and should only be replaced by atrained and qualified Volvo service technician.
FunctionA
Heated rear window30
Power rear seat (driver side) A20A
Pneumatic suspension
* compres-
sor40
Rear electric heater (passenger side)30
––
Rear electric heater (driver side)30
Power rear seat (passenger side) A20A
––
Power tailgate
*25
Power front seat (passenger side) *
module20
Trailer hitch * control module40
Seat belt tensioner module (pas- senger side)40
FunctionA
Internal relay windings5
––
Foot movement detection module for opening the power tailgate *5
––
––
Trailer hitch* control module25
Power front seat (driver seat *
module20
Seat belt tensioner module (driver side)40
Parking camera *5
––
––
Ionic air cleaner A5A
Feed when ignition is switched on.10
Airbag and seat belt tensioner modules5
Cooler; heated/cooled cup holder (rear) A10A
FunctionA
Heated rear seat (driver side)
*15
––
Blind Spot Information (BLIS) *5
––
Seat belt tensioner modules5
Emission system actuator5
––
––
Heated rear seat (passenger side)*15
––
A
XC90 Excellence.
Related information
• Replacing fuses (p. 483)
• Fuses (p. 483)

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SPECIFICATIONS
526
CategoryUSACanada
Max. trailer weightsWithout brakes: 1,650 lbs With brakes (AWD): 5,000 lbsWith brakes (FWD): 4,000 lbsWithout brakes: 750 kg With brakes (AWD): 2,250 kgWith brakes (FWD): 1,800 kg
Max. tongue weightAWD: 500 lbs FWD: 400 lbsAWD: 225 kg FWD: 180 kg
CAUTION
•When loading the vehicle, the maximum gross vehicle weight and permissible axleweights may not be exceeded.
• The maximum trailer weights listed areonly applicable for altitudes up to 3280 ft(1,000 m) above sea level. With increas-ing altitude the engine power and there-fore the car's climbing ability are impairedbecause of the reduced air density, sothe maximum trailer weight has to bereduced accordingly. The weight of thecar and trailer must be reduced by 10%for every further 3280 ft (1,000 m) (orpart thereof).

INDEX
541
Steering wheel paddles 160
Stone chips, touching up 516, 517
Storage compartments 208
Studded tires 451Sunroof
laminated panoramic roof 106, 107
Sun shade 109, 111
Sun visor 211
Suspension 400
System updates 474
T
Tailgate locking/unlocking 244 operating with the foot movement sen-
sor 238
power operated 246
wiper/washer 159
Tailgate wipers 509
Technician certification 57Temperature perceived 178
Temperature sensor ambient 116
Tetheringwi-fi sharing 435
Three-way catalytic converter 364 Timer preconditioning 182
Tire inflation pressure 531
Tire Pressure Monitoring System 457, 459 calibrating 460
type approval 461
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) 460
Tires 444 changing 453
changing from summer to winter 448
glossary of terms 447
improving economy 444
inflation pressure 451
inflation pressure table 531installing (mounting) a wheel on the
vehicle 456
rotation 445
snow 451
specifications 445
storing 445
studded 451
tire pressure monitoring system 457, 459
tire sealing system 461, 463, 467
tools in the cargo compartment 453
tread wear indicator 449uniform tire quality grading 450
wheel bolts 454
Tire sealing system 461, 463, 467 Top tether anchors (child restraint sys- tems) 80
Touching up paint 516, 517
Towing a trailer 367, 369 trailer hitch 368
Towing eyelet 359
Towing the vehicle 360
Traction control 323
Trailer towing 367, 369 trailer hitch 368
Transmission gear shift indicator 396
general description 395, 396
Hill Start Assist 351
oil 532
shifting with steering wheel paddles 398
shiftlock override 396
Tread wear indicator 449
Trip computer 96, 97, 98 reset 97
Trip odometers 96
Trips, long distance 355
Trip statistics 98