2014 TOYOTA DYNA 100/150 maintenance

INFORMATION BEFORE DRIVING YOUR TOYOTA11 5
FUNCTIONS OF ENGINE OIL
Engine oil has the primary functions of
lubricating and cooling the inside of the
engine, and plays a major role in main-
taining the engine in proper working order.
ENGINE OIL CONSUMPTION
It is normal that an engine should con-
sume some engine oil during normal
engine operation. The causes of oil
consumption in a normal engine are as
follows.
DOil is used to lubricate pistons, piston
rings and cylinders. A thin film of oil
is left on the cylinder wall when a pis-
ton moves downwards in the cylinder.
High negative pressure generated when
the vehicle is decelerating sucks some
of this oil into the combustion chamber.
This oil as well as some part of the oil
film left on the cylinder wall is burned
by the high temperature combustion
gases during the combustion process.
DOil is also used to lubricate the stems
of the intake valves. Some of this oil
is sucked into the combustion chamber
together with the intake air and is
burned along with the fuel. High tem-
perature exhaust gases also burn the
oil used to lubricate the exhaust valve
stems.
The amount of engine oil consumed de-
pends on the viscosity of the oil, the
quality of the oil and the conditions the
vehicle is driven under.
More oil is consumed by high−speed driv-
ing and frequent acceleration and decel-
eration.
A new engine consumes more oil, since
its pistons, piston rings and cylinder walls
have not become conditioned.
Oil consumption:Max. 1.0 L per 1000
km (1.1 qt./600 miles, 0.9 Imp. qt./600
miles)When judging the amount of oil con-
sumption, note that the oil may become
diluted and make it difficult to judge
the true level accurately.
As an example, if a vehicle is used for
repeated short trips, and consumes a nor-
mal amount of oil, the dipstick may not
show any drop in the oil level at all, even
after 1000 km (600 miles) or more. This
is because the oil is gradually becoming
diluted with fuel or moisture, making it
appear that the oil level has not changed.
The diluting ingredients evaporate out
when the vehicle is then driven at high
speeds, as on an expressway, making it
appear that oil is excessively consumed
after driving at high speeds.
IMPORTANCE OF ENGINE OIL LEVEL
CHECK
One of the most important points in prop-
er vehicle maintenance is to keep the en-
gine oil at the optimum level so that oil
function will not be impaired. Therefore, it
is essential that the oil level be checked
regularly. Toyota recommends that the oil
level be checked every time you refuel
the vehicle.
NOTICE
Failure to check the oil level regularly
could lead to serious engine trouble
due to insufficient oil.
For detailed information on oil level check,
see “Checking the engine oil level” on
page 188 in Section 7−2.
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Facts about engine oil
consumption

136STARTING AND DRIVING
TIRES
DEnsure that your vehicle’s tires are
properly inflated. See page 193 in Sec-
tion 7−2 and page 218 in Section 8 for
instructions.
DThe trailer tires should be inflated to
the pressure recommended by the trail-
er manufacturer in respect to the total
trailer weight.
TRAILER LIGHTS
DCheck for correct operation of the turn
signals and stop lights each time you
hitch up. Direct splicing may damage
your vehicle’s electrical system and
cause a malfunction of your lights.
BREAK−IN SCHEDULE
DToyota recommends that you do not
tow a trailer with a new vehicle or a
vehicle with any new power train com-
ponent (engine, transmission, differen-
tial, wheel bearing, etc.) for the first
800 km (500 miles) of driving.
MAINTENANCE
DIf you tow a trailer, your vehicle will
require more frequent maintenance due
to the additional load.
DRetighten all fixing bolts of the towing
ball and bracket after approximately
1000 km (600 miles) of trailer driving.
PRE−TOWING SAFETY CHECK
DBe sure not to exceed designated max-
imum load for the ball coupling of the
towing bracket. Please remember that
the ball coupling load will increase the
load on the vehicle. Maximum permissi-
ble rear axle capacity must not be ex-
ceeded.
DMake sure the trailer cargo is securely
loaded so that it cannot shift.
DIf the traffic behind the trailer cannot
be seen properly with the standard rear
view mirrors, additional outside mirrors
will be necessary. Both outside mirrors
must be fitted on folding arms and ad-
justed to give a good rear view at all
times.
TRAILER TOWING TIPS
Your vehicle will handle differently
when towing a trailer. In order to avoid
accident, death or serious injury, keep
the following in mind when towing:
DBefore starting out, check operation of
the lights and all vehicle−trailer connec-
tions. After driving a short distance,
stop and recheck the lights and con-
nections. Before actually towing a trail-
er, practice turning, stopping and back-
ing with a trailer in an area away from
traffic until you learn the feel.
DBecause stopping distance may be in-
creased, vehicle−to−vehicle distance
should be increased when towing a
trailer. For each 10 km/h (6 mph) of
speed, allow at least one vehicle and
trailer length between you and the ve-
hicle ahead. Avoid sudden braking as
you may skid, resulting in jackknifing
and loss of control. This is especially
true on wet or slippery surfaces.
DAvoid jerky starts or sudden accelera-
tion. Prevent excessive clutch slippage
by keeping engine rpm low and not
racing the engine. Always start out in
first gear.
DAvoid jerky steering and sharp turns.
The trailer could hit your vehicle in a
tight turn. Slow down before making a
turn to avoid the necessity of sudden
braking.
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STARTING AND DRIVING139
DMaintain a moderate speed on high-
ways.The faster you drive, the greater
the fuel consumption. By reducing your
speed, you will cut down on fuel con-
sumption.
DKeep the front wheels in proper
alignment.Avoid hitting the curb and
slow down on rough roads. Improper
alignment not only causes faster tire
wear but also puts an extra load on
the engine, which, in turn, wastes fuel.
DKeep the bottom of your vehicle free
from mud, etc.This not only lessens
weight but also helps prevent corro-
sion.
DKeep your vehicle tuned−up and in
top shape.A dirty air cleaner, carbure-
tor out of adjustment, improper valve
clearance, dirty plugs, dirty oil and
grease, brakes not adjusted, etc. all
lower engine performance and contrib-
ute to poor fuel economy. For longer
life of all parts and lower operating
costs, keep all maintenance work on
schedule, and if you often drive under
severe conditions, see that your vehicle
receives more frequent maintenance.
CAUTION
Never turn off the engine to coast
down hills. Your power steering and
brake booster will not function with-
out the engine running. Also, the
emission control system operates
properly only when the engine is run-
ning.
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MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS175
Section 6
MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
DMaintenance facts 176.................................
DDoes your vehicle need repairing? 177..................
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176MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
Regular maintenance is essential.
We urge you to protect your new vehicle
by having your Toyota serviced according
to the maintenance schedule given in the
separate booklet. Regular maintenance will
aid:
DGood fuel economy
DLong vehicle life
DDriving enjoyment
DSafety
DReliability
DWarranty coverage
DCompliance with government regula-
tions
Your Toyota has been designed for eco-
nomical driving and economical mainte-
nance. Many formerly required mainte-
nance items are no longer required or are
not required as often. To make sure your
vehicle runs at peak efficiency, follow the
maintenance schedule.
For full details of your maintenance
schedule, read the separate “Toyota
Service Booklet” or “Toyota Warranty
Booklet”.Where to go for service?
In order to maintain your vehicle in the
highest possible condition, Toyota recom-
mends that all repairs and service opera-
tions are carried out by authorized Toyota
dealers or repairers or other duly qualified
and equipped professionals. For repairs
and services covered by your warranty,
please visit an authorized Toyota dealer or
repairer, who will use genuine Toyota
parts in repairing any difficulties you may
encounter. There can also be advantages
to utilizing authorized Toyota dealers or
repairers for non−warranty repairs and
services, as due to their specialization of
working with Toyota vehicles, members of
the Toyota network will be able to expertly
assist you with any difficulties you may
encounter.
Your Toyota dealer or repairer, or another
duly qualified and equipped professional
service department will perform all of the
scheduled maintenance on your vehicle—
reliably and economically.
What about do−it−yourself maintenance?
Many of the maintenance items are easy
to do yourself if you have a little mechani-
cal ability and a few basic automotive
tools. Simple instructions for how to per-
form them are presented on page 179 in
Section 7.
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Maintenance facts

MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS177
Note, however, that some maintenance
tasks require special tools and skills.
These are best performed by qualified
technicians. Even if you’re an experienced
do−it−yourself mechanic, we recommend
that repairs and maintenance be con-
ducted by an authorized Toyota dealer or
repairer, or another duly qualified and
equipped professional. Any authorized
Toyota dealer or repairer will keep a
record of maintenance, which could be
useful should you ever require Warranty
Service. Should you choose to select a
qualified and equipped professional other
than an authorized Toyota repairer to
service or maintain your vehicle, we
recommend that you request that a record
of maintenance be kept.
The service interval for scheduled main-
tenance is determined by the odometer
reading or time interval, whichever
comes first, shown in the schedule.
Rubber hoses (for cooling and heater
system, brake system and fuel system)
should be inspected by a qualified tech-
nician in accordance with the Toyota
maintenance schedule.
They are particularly important mainte-
nance items. Have any deteriorated or
damaged hoses replaced immediately.
Note that rubber hoses will deteriorate
with age, resulting in swelling, chafing or
cracks.Be on the alert for changes in perfor-
mance, sounds, and visual tip−offs that
indicate service is needed. Some impor-
tant clues are as follows:
DEngine missing, stumbling, or pinging
DAppreciable loss of power
DStrange engine noises
DA leak under the vehicle (However, wa-
ter dripping from the air conditioning
after use is normal.)
DChange in exhaust sound (This may
indicate a dangerous carbon monoxide
leak. Drive with the windows open and
have the exhaustsystem checked im-
mediately.)
DFlat−looking tire; excessive tire squeal
when cornering; uneven tire wear
DVehicle pulls to one side when driving
straight on a level road
DStrange noises related to suspension
movement
DLoss of brake effectiveness; spongy
feeling brake or clutch pedal; pedal al-
most touches floor; vehicle pulls to one
side when braking
DEngine coolant temperature continually
higher than normal
If you notice any of these clues, take your
vehicle to any authorized Toyota dealer or
repairer, or another duly qualified and
equipped professional, as soon as pos-
sible. It probably needs adjustment or re-
pair.
CAUTION
Do not continue driving with the ve-
hicle unchecked. It could result in se-
rious vehicle damage and possibly se-
rious injury.
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Does your vehicle need
repairing?

178MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS
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DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE: Introduction179
Section 7−1
DO−IT−YOURSELF MAINTENANCE
Introduction
DEngine compartment overview 180......................
DBattery locations 182..................................
DFuse locations 182.....................................
DDo−it−yourself service precautions 185..................
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