2013 SSANGYONG TURISMO steering

07-14
3) Caster
The angle between the vertical line and king pin, which fixes the steering knuckle and front axle,
(steering column which connects the top and bottom ball joints in the independent axle type) when
viewed the tires from the side.
CasterFront4.80˚±0.50˚
Rear -
Disadvantages:Impact from the road is transferred to the steering wheel (steering wheel turns)
Poor straightness -
- Advantages:Directional force to go straight (following control)
Restoring force of the wheel (restored to the straight ahead direction)
Prevention of wheel shimmy (wheels wobble left and right) -
-
-
Negative caster: ▶Top of the king pin is tilted forward from the vertical line of the wheel center
when viewed the tires from the side Positive caster: ▶
With considering the height difference between the wheel centers of the front and rear
wheels. (Under standard condition that the vehicle is on a level ground) Caster: ▶
Advantages:Smaller turning radius -Top of the king pin is tilted backward from the vertical line of the wheel center
when viewed the tires from the side

09-34891-01
1. SPECIFICATIONS
1) Pressure Sensor
UnitDescription
Location
ABS ESP
HECU
(Hydraulic &
Electronic Control
Unit) CPU:MCU60 (32bit)
Clock Frequency:
28 MHz
Memory: 128~256 KB CPU:MCU60 (32bit)
Clock Frequency:
28 MHz
Memory:256~512 KB Under the front washer
reservoir
Wheel Speed
SensorActive type wheel speed
sensorActive type wheel speed
sensorOn each wheel
Front air gap:
0.3 ~ 1.3mm,
Rear air gap:
0.3 ~ 1.3 mm
Steering Wheel
Angle SensorN/AMaximum angular speed:
1500°/sec
Operating voltage:
9~16 VUnder the steering
wheel
Sensor ClusterN/AIntegrated with yaw rate
sensor and lateral sensorUnder the audio
assembly
Pressure Sensor
N/A Analog outputUnder the master
cylinder
Description Specification
Supplying voltage approx. 5 V (4.75~5.25 V)
Max. pressure 350 bar

09-4
2) Sensor Cluster
3) Steering Wheel Angle Sensor
Air gap between sensor and rotorFront 0.3 ~ 1.3 mm
Rear 0.3 ~ 1.3 mm
Current (at 2.75 km/h)IHIGH : 14 mA
ILOW : 7 mA
Voltage (when turning the steering wheel one turn per second) 7.5 ~ 20 V
4) Active Wheel Speed Sensor
Operating voltage 9~16 V
Maximum output current 10 mA
Max. current consumption100 ma
Maximum detection angle speed 1500˚/s
Operating temperature -30~75℃
Supplying voltage 9 to 16 V (battery voltage)
Description Specification
Description Specification
Description Specification
Supplying voltage approx. 5 V (4.75~5.25 V)
Output voltage while in stationary approx. 2.5 V (Ignition ON)
Output range 0.2~4.8 V
Operating start speed4˚/s

09-54891-01
2. FUNCTION
1) Term Definition
ABS: Anti-Lock Brake System ▶
When the brake pedal is abruptly depressed, the HECU calculates the slip ratio of each wheel based
on information received from the wheel speed sensors and controls the hydraulic module data quickly
and precisely in order to maintain the friction between the road surface and tire optimal (static friction).
Therefore, by keeping the friction between the road surface and tire optimal, it is possible to obtain
following effects: Enhanced steering stability, improved direction stability, reduced stopping distance
and etc.
EBD: Electronic brake-Force Distribution ▶
This is to detect the tire speed from the wheel speed sensor in order to supply the braking pressure to
the rear tires individually. In other words, the HECU measures the tire deceleration speed continuously
and controls the rear inlet valve on the hydraulic modulator to obtain optimal braking force as much as
possible. Thereby, stopping distance, braking effect and straight stability are improved.
ESP: Electronic Stability Program ▶
This is used to make the vehicle stabilized to recognize the emergency driving conditions, and to
control the brake for each wheels and the engine power when the brake system or acceleration will not
work any more in dangerous circumstances.
TCS: Traction Control System ▶
When the wheel is slipping due to an excessive engine torque while starting off or driving, this controls
the driving force (braking force + engine torque) in order to prevent the wheel from slipping through the
engine or brake control.
AYC: Active Yaw Control ▶
This has been developed to help a driver avoid danger of losing control of the vehicle stability due to
understeer or oversteer during cornering, which is a part of the ESP function.
HBA: Hydraulic Brake Assistant ▶
Developed based on the fact that elderly drivers depress the brake pedal too soft even when hard
braking is necessary, this an assist system to operate the HECU drive motor immediately and apply
high braking force to the wheels when the brake pedal is depressed softly and the vehicle should be
braked in emergency.
ARP: Active Rollover Protection ▶
This is a supplementary device for safety in ESP system and can help minimize the rollover accidents
by detecting a potential rollover situation through the brake and engine control when making sudden
lane change or turning sharply by adding only the software, without any separate device or switch.

09-6
2) Component Overview By System
Function Vehicle with ABS Vehicle with ESP
ABS Yes
Yes EBD Yes
TCS
No AYC
HBA
ARP
3) Part Overview By System
Part Vehicle with ABS Vehicle with ESP
HECU
Yes Yes Front wheel speed sensor
Rear wheel speed sensor
ABS warning lamp
EBD indicator lamp
G sensor (integrated in HECU) 4WD: Yes, 2WD: No No
Sensor cluster (Yaw rate sensor +
lateral sensor+ G sensor)
No Yes ESP operation indicator lamp and
warning lamp
ESP OFF switch and indicator
Steering wheel angle sensor

09-8
Steering wheel angle sensor
Appearance change due to changed multifunction switch
4. CHANGES IN ESP
Steering wheel angle sensor changed ▶
Wheel speed sensor changed ▶
Wheel speed sensor
Front Rear Front Rear
Connector's appearance and length changed
Sensor cluster changed ▶
Sensor cluster
Appearance and its connector (6-pin → 4-pin) changed

09-114891-01
(2) Interior Components
ESP Indicator
Sensor Cluster
ESP OFF Switch
Steering Wheel Angle
SensorWarning buzzer
(ESP, PAS buzzer)
Located in ICM box
ESP warning and indicator lamp
ESP OFF indicator lamp
ABS warning lamp
Parking brake operating indicator (EBD warning lamp:
both parking brake operating indicator and ABS warning
lamp come on at the same time) 1.
2.
3.
4.
ESP buzzer

09-134891-01
2) Operation of ESP System
(1) Under steering
What is understeering? ▶
ESP controls during understeer ▶ Understeer is a term for a condition in which the steering wheel is steered to a certain angle during
driving and the front tires slip toward the reverse direction of the desired direction. Generally, vehicles
are designed to have understeer. It is because that the vehicle can return back to inside of cornering
line when the steering wheel is steered toward the inside even when the front wheels are slipped
outward.
As the centrifugal force increases, the tires can easily lose the traction and the vehicle tends to slip
outward when the curve angle gets bigger and the speed increases.
The ESP system recognizes the directional angle with the steering wheel angle sensor and senses the
slipping route that occurs reversely against the vehicle cornering direction during understeer with the
yaw rate sensor and lateral sensor. Then, the ESP system applies the braking force to the rear inner
wheel to compensate the yaw moment value. In this way, the vehicle does not lose its driving direction
and the driver can steer the vehicle as intended.