2013 Lancia Voyager wheel torque

Torque Converter Clutch
A feature designed to improve fuel
economy has been included in the au-
tomatic transmission on your vehicle.
A clutch within the torque converter
engages automatically at calibrated
speeds. This may result in a slightly
different feeling or response during
normal operation in the upper gears.
When the vehicle speed drops or dur-
ing some accelerations, the clutch au-
tomatically disengages.
NOTE: The torque converter
clutch will not engage until the
transmission fluid and engine
coolant are warm [usually after 2
to 5 km of driving]. Because the
engine speed is higher when the
torque converter clutch is not en-
gaged, it may seem as if the trans-
mission is not shifting into Over-
drive when cold. This is normal.
Using the Electronic Range Select
(ERS) shift control, when the
transmission is sufficiently warm,
will demonstrate that the trans-
mission is able to shift into and out
of Overdrive.DRIVING ON SLIPPERY
SURFACES
ACCELERATION
Rapid acceleration on snow covered,
wet, or other slippery surfaces may
cause the driving wheels to pull errati-
cally to the right or left. This phenom-
enon occurs when there is a difference
in the surface traction under the front
(driving) wheels.
WARNING!
Rapid acceleration on slippery sur-
faces is dangerous. Unequal trac-
tion can cause sudden pulling of the
front wheels. You could lose control
of the vehicle and possibly have a
collision. Accelerate slowly and
carefully whenever there is likely to
be poor traction (ice, snow, wet,
mud, loose sand, etc.).
TRACTION
When driving on wet or slushy roads,
it is possible for a layer of water to
build up between the tire and road surface. This is known as hydroplan-
ing and may cause partial or complete
loss of vehicle control and stopping
ability. To reduce this possibility, the
following precautions should be ob-
served:
1. Slow down during rainstorms or
when roads are slushy.
2. Slow down if the road has standing
water or puddles.
3. Replace the tires when tread wear
indicators first become visible.
4. Keep the tires properly inflated.
5. Maintain sufficient distance be-
tween your vehicle and the vehicle in
front of you to avoid a collision in a
sudden stop.
DRIVING THROUGH
WATER
Driving through water more than a
few centimeters deep will require ex-
tra caution to ensure safety and pre-
vent damage to your vehicle.
238

TRACTION CONTROL
SYSTEM (TCS) (FOR
VERSIONS/MARKETS,
WHERE PROVIDED)
The Traction Control System (TCS)
monitors the amount of wheel spin of
each of the driven wheels. If wheel
spin is detected, brake pressure is ap-
plied to the slipping wheel(s) and en-
gine power is reduced, to provide en-
hanced acceleration and stability. A
feature of the TCS functions similarly
to a limited-slip differential, and con-
trols the wheel spin across a driven
axle. If one wheel on a driven axle is
spinning faster than the other, the sys-
tem will apply the brake of the spin-
ning wheel. This will allow more en-
gine torque to be applied to the wheel
that is not spinning. This feature re-
mains active even if the ESC is in the
“Partial Off” mode.The “ESC Activation/Malfunction In-
dicator Light” (in the instrument
cluster) will start to flash as soon as
the tires lose traction and the wheels
begin to spin. This indicates that the
TCS is active. If the indicator light
flashes during acceleration, ease up
on the accelerator and apply as little
throttle as possible. Be sure to adapt
your speed and driving to the prevail-
ing road conditions, and do not switch
off the ESC or TCS.
WARNING!
 The TCS cannot prevent the
natural laws of physics from act-
ing on the vehicle, nor can it in-
crease the traction afforded.
 The TCS cannot prevent colli- sions, including those resulting
from excessive speed in turns, or
hydroplaning.
 The capabilities of a TCS- equipped vehicle must never be
exploited in a reckless or danger-
ous manner, which could jeopar-
dize the user's safety or the safety
of others. BRAKE ASSIST SYSTEM
(BAS) (FOR VERSIONS/
MARKETS, WHERE
PROVIDED)
The Brake Assist System (BAS) is de-
signed to optimize the vehicle’s brak-
ing capability during emergency
braking maneuvers. The system de-
tects an emergency braking situation
by sensing the rate and amount of
brake application, and then applies
optimum pressure to the brakes. This
can help reduce braking distances.
The BAS complements the ABS. Ap-
plying the brakes very quickly results
in the best BAS assistance. To receive
the benefit of the system, you must
apply continuous braking pressure
during the stopping sequence. Do not
reduce brake pedal pressure unless
braking is no longer desired. Once the
brake pedal is released, the BAS is
deactivated.
244

ESC Operating ModesThe “ESC Off” switch is lo-
cated in the center switch
bank, next to the hazard
flasher switch.
ESC On
This mode is the normal operating
mode for ESC on two-wheel drive ve-
hicles. Whenever the vehicle is
started, the ESC system will be in this
mode. This mode should be used for
most driving situations. ESC should
only be turned off for specific reasons
as noted below.
ESC Partial Off
This mode is entered by momentarily
pressing the “ESC Off” switch.
When in the “Partial Off” mode, the
TCS portion of ESC, except for the
“limited slip” feature described in the
TCS section, has been disabled and
the “ESC Off Indicator Light” will be
illuminated. When in the “Partial
Off” mode, ESC will operate without
engine torque management. This mode is intended to be used if the
vehicle is in deep snow, sand or gravel
conditions and more wheel spin than
ESC would normally allow is required
to gain traction. To turn ESC on
again, momentarily press the “ESC
Off” switch. This will restore the nor-
mal “ESC On” mode of operation.
NOTE: To improve the vehicle's
traction when driving with snow
chains, or starting off in deep
snow, sand or gravel, it may be
desirable to switch to the “Partial
Off” mode by pressing the “ESC
Off” switch. Once the situation re-
quiring ESC to be switched to the
“Partial Off” mode is overcome,
turn ESC back on by momentarily
pressing the “ESC Off” switch.
This may be done while the vehicle
is in motion.
WARNING!
In partial ESC mode, the engine
power reduction feature of ESC is
disabled. Therefore, enhanced ve-
hicle stability offered by the ESC
system is reduced.
ESC Activation/Malfunction
Indicator Light And ESC OFF
Indicator Light
The “ESC Activation/
Malfunction Indicator
Light” in the instrument
cluster will come on when
the ignition switch is turned to the ON
position. It should turn off with the
engine running. If the “ESC
Activation/Malfunction Indicator
Light” comes on continuously with
the engine running, a malfunction has
been detected in the ESC system. If
this light remains on after several ig-
nition cycles, and the vehicle has been
driven several kilometers at speeds
greater than 48 km/h, see your autho-
rized dealer as soon as possible to
have the problem diagnosed and
corrected.
The “ESC Activation/Malfunction In-
dicator Light” (located in the instru-
ment cluster) starts to flash as soon as
the tires lose traction and the ESC sys-
tem becomes active. The “ESC
Activation/Malfunction Indicator
Light” also flashes when TCS is active.
246

4. Raise the vehicle by turning the
jack screw to the right, using the
swivel wrench. Raise the vehicle only
until the tire just clears the surface
and enough clearance is obtained to
install the spare tire. Minimum tire lift
provides maximum stability.WARNING!
Raising the vehicle higher than nec-
essary can make the vehicle less
stable. It could slip off the jack and
hurt someone near it. Raise the ve-
hicle only enough to remove the
tire.
5. Remove the wheel lug nuts, for
vehicles with wheel covers, remove
the cover from the wheel by hand. Do
not pry the wheel cover off. Then pull
the wheel off the hub.
6. Install the compact spare tire.
Lightly tighten the lug nuts.
CAUTION!
Be sure to mount the spare tire with
the valve stem facing outward. The
vehicle could be damaged if the
spare tire is mounted incorrectly.WARNING!
To avoid the risk of forcing the ve-
hicle off the jack, do not tighten the
wheel nuts fully until the vehicle
has been lowered. Failure to follow
this warning may result in personal
injury.
NOTE: Do not install the wheel
cover on the compact spare.
7. Lower the vehicle by turning the
jack screw to the left. 8. Finish tightening the lug nuts.
Push down on the wrench while at the
end of the handle for increased lever-
age. Tighten the lug nuts in a star
pattern until each nut has been tight-
ened twice. The correct wheel nut
tightness is 138 N·m. If in doubt
about the correct tightness, have them
checked with a torque wrench by your
authorized dealer or at a service sta-
tion.
9. Lower the jack to its fully-closed
position.
WARNING!
A loose tire or jack thrown forward
in a collision or hard stop could
endanger the occupants of the ve-
hicle. Always stow the jack parts
and the spare tire in the places pro-
vided. Have the deflated (flat) tire
repaired or replaced immediately.
10. Place the deflated (flat) tire and
compact spare tire cover assembly in
the rear cargo area. Do not stow the
deflated tire in the spare tire loca-
tion. Have the full-sized tire repaired
or replaced, as soon as possible.
Mounting Spare Tire
288

5. Continue to rotate the nut to the
right until you hear the winch mecha-
nism click three times. It cannot be
overtightened. Check under the ve-
hicle to ensure the compact spare tire/
cover assembly is positioned correctly
against the underside of the vehicle.CAUTION!
The winch mechanism is designed
specifically to stow a compact spare
tire only. Do not attempt to use the
winch to stow the full size flat tire,
or any other full-size tire. Vehicle
damage may result.
ROAD TIRE
INSTALLATION
Vehicles Equipped With Wheel
Covers
1. Mount the road tire on the axle.
2. To ease the installation process for
steel wheels with wheel covers, install
two lug nuts on the mounting studs
which are on each side of the valve
stem. Install the lug nuts with the cone
shaped end of the nut toward the
wheel. Lightly tighten the lug nuts. 3. Align the valve notch in the wheel
cover with the valve stem on the
wheel. Install the cover by hand,
snapping the cover over the two lug
nuts. Do not use a hammer or exces-
sive force to install the cover.
4. Install the remaining lug nuts with
the cone shaped end of the nut toward
the wheel. Lightly tighten the lug
nuts.
WARNING!
To avoid the risk of forcing the ve-
hicle off the jack, do not tighten the
wheel nuts fully until the vehicle
has been lowered. Failure to follow
this warning may result in personal
injury.
5. Lower the vehicle to the ground by
turning the jack handle counterclock-
wise.
6. Finish tightening the lug nuts.
Push down on the wrench while at the
end of the handle for increased lever-
age. Tighten the lug nuts in a star
pattern until each nut has been tight-
ened twice. The correct tightness of
each lug nut is 138 N·m. If in doubt
about the correct tightness, have them
checked with a torque wrench by your
authorized dealer or service station.
7. After 40 km check the lug nut
torque with a torque wrench to ensure
that all lug nuts are properly seated
against the wheel.
Tire And Wheel Cover Or Center Cap1 — Valve Stem 4 — Wheel Cover
2 — Valve Notch 5 — Mounting Stud
3 — Wheel Lug
Nut
290

Vehicles Without Wheel Covers
1. Mount the road tire on the axle.
2.
Install the remaining lug nuts with
the cone shaped end of the nut toward
the wheel. Lightly tighten the lug nuts.WARNING!
To avoid the risk of forcing the ve-
hicle off the jack, do not tighten the
wheel nuts fully until the vehicle
has been lowered. Failure to follow
this warning may result in personal
injury.
3. Lower the vehicle to the ground by
turning the jack handle counterclock-
wise.
4. Finish tightening the lug nuts.
Push down on the wrench while at the
end of the handle for increased lever-
age. Tighten the lug nuts in a star
pattern until each nut has been tight-
ened twice. The correct tightness of
each lug nut is 138 N·m. If in doubt
about the correct tightness, have them
checked with a torque wrench by your
authorized dealer or service station. 5. After 40 km check the lug nut
torque with a torque wrench to ensure
that all lug nuts are properly seated
against the wheel.
JUMP-STARTING
If your vehicle has a discharged bat-
tery it can be jump-started using a set
of jumper cables and a battery in an-
other vehicle or by using a portable
battery booster pack. Jump-starting
can be dangerous if done improperly
so please follow the procedures in this
section carefully.
NOTE: When using a portable
battery booster pack follow the
manufacturer’s operating instruc-
tions and precautions.
CAUTION!
Do not use a portable battery
booster pack or any other booster
source with a system voltage
greater than 12 Volts or damage to
the battery, starter motor, alterna-
tor or electrical system may occur.
WARNING!
Do not attempt jump-starting if the
battery is frozen. It could rupture or
explode and cause personal injury.
PREPARATIONS FOR
JUMP-START
The battery in your vehicle is located
on the left side of the engine compart-
ment.
Positive Battery Post
291