
304 Index
Declaration of compliance
Adaptive cruise control ............. 299
Audi side assist ................... 299
Cell phone package ....... .. .. .... . 299
Convenience key .......... .... .... . 299
Electronic immobilizer ......... .. ... 299
H omelink ® universal remote control .. 299
Remote control key ........... .. .. . 299
DEF What does this mean when it appears in
the trip odometer display? ..... .. .. .. 26
Defective light bulb warning . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Defrosting (windows) ....... .. .. .. .. . . 80
Deluxe automatic climate control . . . . . . . 79
Determining correct load limit ... .. .. . 258
Dig ital compass ..... ..... ... .. .. .. .. 55
Dimensions
. ...... ........ .. .. .... . 291
Dimming the rearview mirror .. .. .. .. . . 54
Distance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Door/rear lid warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Doors M echanical ch ild safety lock .. .. .... .. 40
Power child safety lock .... .. .. .. .. .. 40
Driver information system CD/radio display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Door/rear lid warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Eff iciency program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Ex terior temperature display . .. .. .. . . 23
On-boa rd comp uter ....... .. .. .. .. . .
Driver seating position
drive select
adaptive air suspension/sport ... .. .. .
Adaptive dampers ........ .. .. .... .
Curve light .. ... .... ..... .. .. .. .. .
Dynamic steering ............. .. .. .
Engine sound ......... .... ... .. .. .
Safety belt tensioner ...... .. .. .... .
Sport differential ......... .. .. .. .. .
Drive select
.. ... .. ..... ... .... .. .. .
Driving safely ... ........ .. .. .. .... .
Driving through water 24
135
109
109
109
109 109
109
109
109
134
208
Driving time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Duplicate key . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Dust filter
refer to Pollutant filter (automatic A/C
system) .. .. ... .......... .. .. .. .. .. 78
Dynamic steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22, 109
E
Easy entry fea ture . .... .......... .. .. . 82
EDL
refer to Electronic differential lock .. .. 198
Efficiency program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Fuel economy messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Other equ ipment . .......... ...... .. 25
E lectrica l accessories (sockets) . . . . . 67, 73
El ectromechanical pa rking brake
Emergency b raking ............ .. .. . 87
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Parking ... .... .. .. ... ........ .. .. . 86
Releasing and closing ............ .. . 85
Starting assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Starting from rest ............. .... . 86
Starting off w ith a trailer ........ .. .. . 87
Warning/ind icator lights .. ... ..... .. . 15
E lectronic differential lock ........ .. .. 198
El ectronic differential lock (EDL)
Warning/indicator lights .......... .. . 19
Electronic immob ilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . 26, 31
Electronic power control (EPC)
warning/indicator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
El ectronic speed limit er .......... .. .. . 29
Electronic Stabilization Control (ESC) ... 198
Warning/indicator lights .. ... ..... .. . 18
Emergency actuation Doors . ... .... .. .. ... .......... .. . 36
Luggage compartment lid ....... .... . 39
Parking lock ..... ............. .... 120
Power sunroof ... ..... ........... .. 43
Emergency braking ... ........... .. .. . 87
Eme rgency flasher .... .. ... ..... .. .. . 46
Warning/indicator lights .......... .. . 22
Emergency operation
Panoram ic sunroof ..... .. ... ..... .. .
Sun shade (roof) . ................ . .
Emergency starting 44
44
284
Emergen cy to wing ................ .. 286
Emergency warn ing triangle .. ... ... .. 270
Energy management ............ .. .. 203
En gine
Compartment .. .. ... .......... ... .
Coolant ... .. .. .. ............. .. . .
Data
. .. .. .... .. ... .. .......... ..
234
240
292
Start-Stop-System .. ........... .. .. . 87

starting .... ................ ... .... 83
Starting with jumper cables . ... .. .. . 284
Stopping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Engine compartment ....... .. .. .. .. . 234
C losing the hood ......... .. .. .. .. . 233
Opening the hood .............. .. . 232
Safety instructions ................. 232
Working in the engine compartment .. 232
Engine coolant . ........... .. .. .. ... 240
Adding coolant ........... .. .. .. .. . 241
Checking the engine coolant level .. .. . 240
Expansion tank .............. ... ... 240
Malfunction symbol .......... ... .. .. 16
Radiator fan ............. .... .. .. . 242
Temperature gauge ....... .. .. .. .. .. 10
Engine oil ... ................ ... ... 235
Adding .... ................ ... ... 238
Additives ... ................ ... ... 238
Changing .. ............. .... .. ... 239
Checking oil level ......... .. .. .. .. . 238
Checking the engine oil level .. .. .. .. . 237
Consumption ............... .... .. 238
Indications and conditions requiring ex-
tra checking ............. .... .. ... 23 7
I ndicator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
O il consumption .......... .. .. .. .. . 236
Oil grades .. ................ ... ... 235
Oil level symbol ................ .... 20
Pressure malfunction ......... ..... .. 17
Recommended oil check intervals .. .. . 237
Sensor defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Specification and viscosity .. .. .. .. .. . 235
Engine sound ................ ... ... 109
Engine speed limitation ....... .. .. .. .. 20
Engine start-stop mode
refer to Start-Stop-System . .. .. .. .. .. 89
Engine start system (indicator lights) . ... 17
Entry assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Environment Break-in period ........... .. .. .. ... 206
Catalytic converter . ....... .. .. .. .. . 207
Disposing of your vehicle battery .... . 247
Driving at high speeds ...... ... ... .. 209
Driving to minimize pollution and noise 208
Fuel ... .. .. .. ............. .. .. ... 230
Fuel economy ............ .... .. .. . 208
Leaks under your vehicle ............ 232
Letting the vehicle stand and warm up. 209
Index 305
Proper disposal of drained brake fluid . 243
Proper disposal of drained engine cool-
ant ....... ... .. .. ............... 241
Proper disposal of drained engine
oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238, 239
Recycling used engine oil ............ 238
Unleaded fuel .. .. .. . .. .... ........ 228
What should I do with an old battery? . 247
EPC
refer to E lectronic power control (EPC) . 20
ESC
refer to Electronic Stabilization Control
(ESC) ............................ 198
ESC (Electronic Stab ilization Control)
Warning/ind icator lights ............ . 18
Event Data Recorder (EDR) ............ 198
Exhaust tail pipes .. .. .............. . 222
Expansion tank .. .. ................. 240
Exterior lighting . .. ................. . 45
Exterior mirrors Adjusting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Dimming ... ... .... ................ 54
Heating ... .. .. .. .... ............. . 54
Exterior temperature display ........ .. . 23
F
Fastening
Booster seats .. .. .... ......... .... 184
Convertib le child safety seats .... .. .. 183
Infant seats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 182
Floor mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Fo lding table .. .. .. .. ............... . 68
Foot pedals ... .. .... ... .......... .. 139
For the sake of the environment Gasoline fumes and the environment .. 230
Reducing engine noise by ear ly upshift-
ing ....... .. .. .. .. .. ........... .. . 10
Refueling . .. .. .. .. ............... 230
Saving fuel by early upshifting ....... . 10
Four zone automatic climate control ..... 79
Front airbags Description .. .. .. ................. 156
How they work . .. ................. 161
Frontal collisions and the laws of physics 145
Front passenger seat adjustment . . . . . . . 63
•
•

306 Index
Front seats . ............... ... .... .. 57
Adjusting . ................. ..... . 136
Child restraints in the front seat ... .. . 154
Fuel Addit ives . .... ........... .. .. .... . 228
Bl ended gasoline .......... ... .... . 228
Current consumption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Economy messages (efficiency program) 25
Fuel filler flap emergency relea se .. .. . 231
Fuel filler neck ............. .. .... . 229
Fuel gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Gasoline ... ... ... .... ......... .. . 228
Gasoline additives ............ .. ... 229
L ow fuel level symbo l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Octane rating .......... .. .. .. .. .. . 228
Recommendation .......... ... .... . 228
Refue lling . ................. ..... . 230
Reserve .................... ..... .. 11
Tank capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11,292
Fuses Assignment ...................... 279
Replacing .. ................ ..... . 279
G
Garage door opener (Homelink®) . .. .. . 132
Garment hooks .. ... .... ......... .. .. 75
Gas discharge lamps ......... ... .. .. . 283
Gauges Engine coolant temperature .. .. .. .... 10
Fuel gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Speedometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Trip odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
General illustration ............ .... ... 8
Generator . ................. .. .... .. 16
Glossary of tire and loading terminology 250
Glove compartment (cooled) ...... ..... 74
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) ... 290
H
Headlights
Cleaning system ............ .. .... .. 52
Defective . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
He adlig ht range contro l . . . . . . . . . 21, 45
High beam assist .............. ... .. 48
Washer reservoir ............. .. ... 247 Head
restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64, 138
Adjusting ..... .. ................. 138
H eated
exter ior mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
rear window ... .. ............. .... . 80
seats ......... .. .. .............. .. 80
windshield washer spray nozz les . . . . . . 52
H eating .. .. .. .. .. .. ............. .. . 78
Heavy clothing and safety belts ........ 147
High beam . ..... .. ............. ..... 47
High voltage warning label ..... .. .. .. 290
Hill descent contro l ................ . 118
Homelink ® un iversal remote control ... 132
Hood (release lever) ... .......... .. .. 232
Horn ..... ..... .. .. .............. ... 8
How are child restraint system anchors re-
lated to child safety ............. .. .. 189
How many air bags does my vehicle have? 159
How often should I check my tire pres-
sures? ......... .. .. .............. . 256
How safety belt pretens ioners work .. .. 150
Hydroplaning ... .. ............. .... 260
I
Immobilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Important things to do before driving .. 134
Improperly worn safety belts .......... 150
Indicator lights
refer to Warning/indicator lights ..... . 11
Infant seats .. .. .. ... .......... .... 182
Installing child safety seats Safety belts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Installing the upper tether strap on the
anchorage . ..... .. ................. 194
Instruments Adjusting the light ing .......... .... . 50
Instruments and controls
General illustration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Instrument cluster .................. 10
Interior lighting
Ambience lighting ............. .. .. . 49
Front and rear ... .. ..... ...... .. .. . 49
Intermittent (windshield wipers) ... ... . 52

310 Index
Special considerations for pregnant
women .... ... .... ......... ..... . 149
Unfasten ing . ............. ... .... . 149
Warning/indicator light ...... .. .... . 144
Warning light .. ............ .. .... .. 16
WhyYOU MUSTwearthem ..... .. ... 144
Worn properly .... ... .... .. .. .. .. . 146
Safety belt tensioner drive select ....... ....... .. .. .. .. . 109
Safety belt warn ing ligh t .. .. .. .. .. .. . 144
Safety compliance st icker ....... .. .. . 290
Safety equipment .................. . 134
Safety features for occupant restraint and
protection . .. .. . ... ....... .. .. .. .. . 134
Safety guidelines Seat adjustment ...... .... .. .. .. .. .. 57
Safety instructions Engine compartment ...... .. .. .. .. . 232
for side cu rtain airbags . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4
for using child safety seats ....... .. . 179
for using safety belts ....... ..... .. . 147
Mon itoring the Advanced Airbag Sys-
tem ... .. ... ............ .. .. .. .. . 165
Safety systems
Warning/ indicator lights ... .. .. .... .. 18
Seat adjustment Controls (front seats) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Controls (rear seats) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Driver's seat .. ........... .. .. .... .. 57
Front passenger 's seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Front seats . .............. ... .. ... . 57
He ad restraints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64, 138
Reclining rear seat ........ .. .. .... .. 6 1
Safety guidelines ....... .. .. .. .. .. .. 57
Sea t belts
WhyYOU MUSTwearthem ..... .. ... 144
Seat heating/ventilation ........ .... . . 80
Seating position
Driver ... .. ... .......... .. .. .. .. . 135
Fr ont passenger .............. .... . 136
How to adjust the front seats ..... ... 136
Incorrect seat position ........... .. . 138
Occupants .... ........... .. .. .... . 135
Rear passengers .......... .. .. .. .. . 13 7
Seat memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Seats
Comfort seat side view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Seat symmetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
Seats (numbe r) .. .. ............. .. .. 144
Selective unlock feature . ...... ... .. .. . 33
Se lector lever . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Serv ice and disposal
Safety belt pretensioner . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Service interval display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 7
Service position
refer to Windshield wipers .......... . 53
Servotronic (power steer ing system) .. .. 202
Shift paddles .. .. .. ............. .. .. 118
Ship (transporting your vehicle) ...... .. 288
S ide airbags
Description .. .. .. .......... ...... . 170
How they work .... ............ .. .. 171
Side assist .. .... ................... 105
Activating and deactivating ....... ... 107
Adjusting the brightness ........ .. .. 107
Cleaning sensors 218
Sensor range .... ............. .... 106
Side curtain airbags ............. .... 173
Description .. .. .. ..... ........... . 173
How they work ... ..... ........... . 174
Safety instructions ................ . 17 4
Side marker lights .............. .... . 45
Ski sack
refer to Pass-through with ski sack . ... . 70
Sliding/tilting sunroof Emergency closing .... ...... ... .. .. . 43
Emergency operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Opening and closing ........... .. .. . 42
Panoramic sunroof ................ .. 43
Snow chains .. .. .. ....... ...... .. .. 265
Sockets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67, 73
Solar operation (automatic climate con-
trol) ... .. .. .... .. ............. .... . 81
Sources of information about child re-
stra ints and their use .... ......... ... 195
Space-saving spare tire ........... .... 272
Spare tire
refer to Compact spare tire .......... 272
Spare wheel .. .. .. ..... ........... . 273
Spe edometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Speed rating letter code .......... .... 262

_______________________________ I~ n~ d:::: e~x 311
Speed warning system ................ 90
Sport different ial ....... ...... ... ... 109
In dicator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Start-Stop-System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Eng ine does not switched off . .. .. .. .. 89
Eng ine starts automatically .. .. ... ... 89
Indicator lights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Messages .. ............. .... .. .. .. 90
Starting/stopping the engine ... .. .. .. 88
switch ing off/on .......... .. .. .. .. .. 89
START ENGINE STOP button ..... ... ... 83
Starting from rest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Starting off with a trai le r .... .. .. .. .. .. 87
Starting the engine ........ .. .. .. .. .. 83
Steer ing whee l
Adjusting steering column ........... 82
Easy entry feature .................. 82
Indicator light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17, 22
Shift paddles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Steering wheel heating .. ... ... ... ... 81
Steps for determining correct load limit . 258
Stopping the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Storage ..... ................. .. .... 74
Sunroof ... .. .. ................ ... .. 42
Sun shades Emergency closing (roof) ...... .. .... . 44
Panoramic sunroof ........ .. .. .. .. .. 44
Rear doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Rear window ............. .... .. .... 51
Sun visors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SO
Symbols
refer to Warning/Indicator lights .. .. .. 11
T
Tachometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11, 23
Technical modifications ....... .. .. .. . 299
Temperature display ........ .. .. .. .. .. 23
Tether anchors ..................... 193
Tether strap ................. .... .. 193
T he first 1,000 miles (1,500 km) and after-
wards ....... ................. .. ... 206
Tie-downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69, 141
Tips for the environment
Saving fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
tiptronic (automatic transmission) .. .. . 115
Tire pressure . ............. .... .. .. . 255 T
ire pressure monitoring system ...... .
267
Loss of air pressure ............... . 268
Malfunction
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268
Resetting tire pressures ............ .
269
Tires
....... .. .. .. ................. 249
Service life
.. .. .. .. ............... 259
speed rating letter code ........... . 262
Tire manufacturing date ........... .
261
Tire specifications ............. .. . .
261
Tread depth . .. .. ................ .
259
Uniform tire quality grading ........ . 263
Winter tires ... .. .. . .. .... ....... . 264
Tires and vehicle load limits .......... . 257
T ires and wheels
Checking tire pressure .............. 255
Cold tire inflation pressure .......... 253
Dimensions ...... .. ............... 260
General notes .. .. .. ............... 249
Glossary of tire and loading terminolo -
gy ..... .. .. .. .. .. ............... 250
Low aspect ratio tires .... ......... .. 266
New tires and wheels .............. .
Replacing ........ ...... ......... .
Snow chains ... .. .... ........... . .
T ires and vehicle load limits ..... .. . .
Wheel bolts . .. .. .... ............ .
Winter tires
Tire service life
.. .. .. ... ....... .....
Too ls ...... .. .. .. .................
260
261
265
257
266
264
259
271
T orn or frayed safety belts ............ 147
Touch -up paint .. .. .. ... ....... ..... 220
Towing Tow truck procedures .............. . 286
TPMS Tire pressure monitoring system ... .. 268
Trailer towing ...... ................ 211
Operati ng instructions ...... .... .... 211
Parking system ....... ........... .. 131
T echnical requirements . . . . . . . . 211, 212
T ra iler towing tips ............. .. .. 213
Train (transporting your vehicle) ....... 288
Transmission malfunction (indicator
light) ........ .. ...... ............. 119
T ransport Canada .. .. ............... 142
Transporting your vehicle ... .. .... .... 288
Tread Wear Indicator (TWI) ........... 259
•
•

312 Index
Trip odometer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
What does it mean whe n DEF appears in
the trip odometer d isp lay? ... .. .... . . 26
T runk
refer to L uggage compa rtment lid ... .. 36
Trunk escape hand le ..... .... ... .. .. . 270
Turn signa ls . .... . ...... ... .. .. .... .. 47
Warn ing/ indicator lights ... .. .. .... .. 22
u
Unde rcoating . .. ..... ... .. .. .. .... . 221
Unfasten ing safety belts .. .. .. .. .. .. . 149
Unid irect iona l tires ......... .. .. .... . 249
Unifo rm tire q uality g rading ... .. .... . 263
Unlock ing
L uggage compartment lid ...... .. .... 36
P owe r locking sw itch .... .. .. .. .. .. . . 35
Remote contro l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Using the key .......... .. .. .. .. .. .. 35
V
Valet park ing .............. .. .. .. .. .. 41
Vanity mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50, 51
Vehicle -care products .. ... .. .. .. .... . 215
Vehicle electr ical system .. .. .. .. .. .. .. 1 6
Vehicle ident ificat ion labe l ... .. .. .. .. . 290
Vehicle Identification N umbe r (VIN) . .. . 290
Vehicle jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271, 276
Vehicle literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Vehicle transpo rt .......... .. .. .. .. . 288
Vent ilation .... ........... .. .. .... .. 78
w
Warning/indicato r lights . ... .. .. .... . . 11
A irbag system ........... .. .. .. .. .. 18
Anti-lock braking system (ABS) .. .. .. . . 19
Brake system . ...... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. 14
Elect romechan ica l park ing brake .. .. .. 15
E lect ron ic power co ntro l . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
E lect ron ic Stabilization Co ntrol ( ESC) . . . 18
Genera to r .... ............. ...... .. 16
I ns trumen t clus ter ........ .. .. .... .. 10
M alfunct ion Indicator Lamp (M IL) . . . . . 20
Safety belt .... . ...... ... .. .. .... .. 1 6
T u rn signa ls . .. ..... ... .. .. .. .... .. 22 Warning/Indicator
lights
Airbag system ... .. ... ..... ... .. .. 163
Dynam ic steering .... .. ..... ... .. .. . 22
PASS ENGER AIR BAG OFF ....... .... 163
W arran ty coverages ............. .... 296
Washer reservo ir .. ..... ......... ... 247
Washing ... .... .. .. ... ..... ... .. .. 215
Automatic car wash ............ .... 216
by hand . .. .. .. .. ............. .. .. 216
Ma tte finish paint ... .......... .. .. 218
with a power washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Waxing . ... .... .. .. ... ..... ... .. .. 219
Wea r indica to r ................. .. .. 259
Weights .... .... ................... 290
What happens if yo u wear your safety belt
too loose? . ..... .. .. .... .... ... .. .. 148
What happens to unbe lted occupants? .. 145
What impairs driving safety? .... .. .... 135
What shou ld I do after changing a
whee l? ... .. .... .. ... .. ..... ... .. .. 256
What shou ld I do after replac ing whee ls? 256
Wheel bolts Torque .... .... .. ............. .... 266
Whee ls . ... .... .. .. ... ..... ... .. .. 249
Cast alloy ..... .. ... .. ..... ... .. .. 221
Checking tire p ress ure .. ... ... .. .. .. 255
Co ld tire inflation pressure ...... .... 253
General notes .. .. ............. .. .. 249
G lossary of tire and loading term inolo-
gy ........ ... .. .. ............... 250
New t ires and whee ls ........ ...... . 260
T ires and veh icle load limits ..... .. .. 25 7
When must a safety be lt be replaced? .. 147
When must the a irbag system be inspec t-
ed? ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ..... ... .. 163
When should I adjust the tire pr essures? 256
When should I check the tire press ures? . 256
Where are lower ancho rages loca ted? ... 190
Where can I find the t ire pressures for my
ca r? .. ...... ... .. .. ... ....... ... .. 255
Why safety belts? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144, 145
Windows Cleaning . ..... .. ... .. ..... ... .. .. 2 20
defrosting ..... .. .. ... ..... ... .. .. . 80