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15-24
(8) Swirl control
A. Overview
Variable swirl valve ▶
The strong swirl caused by intake air is important element for anti-locking function in diesel engine. The
swirl control valve partially closes the intake port to generate the swirl according to the engine conditions.
When the engine load is in low or medium range, the swirl could not be generated because the air flow is
slow. To generate strong swirl, there are two passages in intake manifold, and one of them has the valve
to open and close the passage. When the valve closes the passage, the air flow through the another
passage will be faster, and the strong swirl will be generated by the internal structure of the passage. This
swirl makes the better mixture of air and fuel, eventually the combustion efficiency in combustion
chamber could be improved. This provides the enhanced fuel consumption, power and EGR ratio.
Components ▶
HFMCrankshaft position sensorVariable swirl valve
Coolant temperature
sensorAccekerator pedal
moduleD20DTR ECU
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15-38
Relay box
A/C
compressorHFM (intake air
temperature)Cooling fan
module
MB 5 A/T (ATF
temperature)Coolant
temperature
sensor
(12) Cooling fan control
A. Overview of cooling fan and A/C compressor
The cooling system maintains the engine temperature at an efficient level during all engine operating
conditions. The water pump draws the coolant from the radiator. The coolant then circulates through
water jackets in the engine block, the intake manifold, and the cylinder head. When the coolant reaches
the operating temperature of the thermostat, the thermostat opens. The coolant then goes back to the
radiator where it cools. The heat from automatic transmission is also cooled down through the radiator
by circulating the oil through the oil pump. ECU controls the electric cooling fans with three cooling fan
relays to improve the engine torque and air conditioning performance.
For detailed information, refer to Chapter "Air Conditioning System".
B. Components
D20DTR ECU
Refrigerant
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15-490000-00
E. Cautions
Use only specified Engine Oil (approved by MB Sheet 229.51) for CDPF. -
Use only specified engine oil (Low Ash Oil) ▶
The vehicle equipped with CDPF should use specific engine oil to improve the engine performance
and fuel economy, and ensure the service life of CDPF. -
Issue with normal engine oil ▶
Sulfur, one of the contents of engine oil is burned and generates soot that is not regenerated by the
DPF. This remains on the filter as ashes and keeps accumulating. Eventually, this ashes will block
the filter. -
Benefit for specified engine oil ▶
Minimized the sulfur content of engine oil which reduces the service life.
Improved fuel economy and emission level of CO2 with high performance and low viscosity.
Increased service life of engine oil with high resistance to temperature. -
-
-
Problems when using unspecified engine oil ▶
The service life of filter may be reduced by 30% or more by the ashes accumulated on the filter.
The fuel economy may be reduced because of engine rolling resistance, frequent regeneration of
DPF. -
-
These problems are also caused by oil with high sulfur content, such as tax exemption oil and
heating oil, etc. *
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01-70000-00
2. DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
1) Cleanliness and Care
An automobile engine is a combination of many machined, honed, polished and lapped surfaces
with tolerances that are measured in the ten-thousanths of an inch. When any internal engine
parts are serviced, care and cleanliness are important. A liberal coating of enigne oil should be
applied to friction areas during assembly, to protect and lubricate the surfaces on initial operation.
Proper cleaning and protection of machined surfaces and friction areas is part of the repair
procedure. This is considered standard shop practice even if not specifically stated.
Whenever valve train components are removed for service, they should be kept in order.
They should be installed in the same locations, and with the same mating surfaces, as when they
were removed. Battery cables should be disconnected before any major work is performed on the
engine. Failure to disconnect cables may result in damage to wire harness or other electrical
parts.
2) On-Engine Service
Disconnect the negative battery cable before removing or installing any electrical unit, or
when a tool or equipment could easily come in contact with exposed electrical terminals.
Disconnecting this cable will help prevent personal injury and damage to the vehicle.
The ignition must also be in LOCK unless otherwise noted.
Notice Any time the air cleaner is removed, the intake opening -
Any time the air cleaner is removed, the intake opening should be covered. This will protect
against accidental entrance of foreign material, which could follow the intake passage into
the cylinder and cause extensive damage when the engine is started.g -
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07-6
1. GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The cooling system maintains the engine temperature at an efficient level during all engine
operating conditions. When the engine is cold, the cooling system cools the engine slowly or not
at all. This slow cooling of the engine allows the engine to warm up quickly. The cooling system
includes a radiator and recovery subsystem, cooling fans, a thermostat and housing, a water
pump, and a water pump drive belt. The timing belt drives the water pump. All components must
function properly for the cooling system to operation. The water pump draws the coolant from the
radiator.
The coolant then circulates through water jackets in the engine block, the intake manifold, and
the cylinder head. When the coolant reaches the operating temperature of the thermostat, the
thermostat opens. The coolant then goes back to the radiator where it cools. This system directs
some coolant through the hoses to the heat core. This provides for heating and defrosting. The
coolant reservoir is connected to the radiator to recover the coolant displaced by expansion from
the high temperatures. The coolant reservoir maintains the correct coolant level. The cooling
system for this vehicle has no radiator cap or filler neck. The coolant is added to the cooling
system through the coolant reservoir.
Page 418 of 715
01-4
Make sure a connector is connected
securely. Loose connection results in
malfunction. -
When inspecting the airbag system, make
sure to use a diagnostic device, not a
circuit tester.When disconnecting a connector equipped
with a lock, press it down to the direction in
the below figure. -
When checking voltage or continuity of the
connector terminal with a circuit tester,
connect the tester probe to the terminal at
the harness side. For a sealed type
connector, connect the probe to the
terminal through the hole in the rubber cap
of the wiring. Take care not to damage the
insulation of the wires. Insert the probe until
it contacts the terminal completely. -
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02-18
This function does not work if the vehicle speed is over 3 km/h.
<007b008f008c0047009a00a0009a009b008c009400470096009c009b0097009c009b009a004702c8007c007500730076006a007202c90047008d009600990047005c0047009a008c008a00960095008b009a0047004f007b005900500047008d0099009600
94004700570055005c0047009a008c008a00960095008b009a> after the driver’s door is
<00960097008c0095008c008b004700880095008b0047009b008f008c0047008b009600960099004700930096008a00920047009a009e0090009b008a008f00470090009a0047008a008f00880095008e008c008b0047009b0096004702c800730076006a00
7202c90047004f009e008f00900093008c0047009b008f008c> ignition key is in ignition
switch).
<007b008f008c0047009a00a0009a009b008c009400470096009c009b0097009c009b009a004702c8007c007500730076006a007202c90047008d009600990047005c0047009a008c008a00960095008b009a0047004f007b005900500047009e008f008c00
950047009b008f008c0047008b009600960099004700930096>ck switch is changed to
“LOCK” from “UNLOCK” and the driver’s door is closed within 0.5 seconds (T1) (while the
ignition key is in ignition switch). 1.
2.
3. ▶Key Reminder
Operating conditions for (*1) and (*2) -
<004f00510058005000610047006b00990090009d008c009902c5009a0047008b00960096009900470090009a004700960097008c0095008c008b004700880095008b0047008b00990090009d008c009902c5009a0047008b00960096009900470093009600
8a00920047009a009e0090009b008a008f00470090009a0047>turned to LOCK
<004f0051005900500061004700770088009a009a008c0095008e008c009902c5009a0047008b00960096009900470090009a004700960097008c0095008c008b004700880095008b004700970088009a009a008c0095008e008c009902c5009a0047008b00
9600960099004700930096008a00920047009a009e0090009b>ch is turned to LOCK
Page 450 of 715

02-198710-01
▶All Door Lock Prevention Function when a Door is Opened
When a door is opened, all doors should be unlocked for 5 seconds if inputs LOCK signal. 1.
The LOCK signal means the central door locking (REKES, central door lock switch, knob
switch) except LOCK input by rear door knob.
After unlocking and o
p<008c009500900095008e004700960095009300a00047009b008f008c0047008b00990090009d008c009902c5009a0047008b0096009600990047009e0090009b008f00470099008c00940096009b008c0047008a00960095009b0099009600930047009200
8c00a00047009c0095008b008c00990047008800990094008c>d mode
<004f008b00990090009d008c009902c5009a0047008b00960096009900470090009a0047009c009500930096008a0092008c008b00470089009c009b004700970088009a009a008c0095008e008c009902c5009a004700880095008b00470099008c008800
990047008b009600960099009a004700880099008c00470093>ocked), only the driver’s door
generates unlock signal when trying to lock the driver’s door with the driver’s door opened.
Above operations is regardless of key positions and have priority over the ignition key
reminder function. -
-
-
When the door is closed during unlock output for 5 seconds under item 1 condition, the unlock
output stops. 2.
<0068009300930047008b009600960099009a0047008c009f008a008c0097009b0047009b008800900093008e0088009b008c004700880095008b0047008f00960096008b00470096009c009b0097009c009b004702c8007c007500730076006a007202c900
47008d009600990047005c0047009a008c008a00960095008b>s (T1) when the “LOCK”
signal is inputted (while the ignition key is removed and a of door is opened).
When the door is closed during unlock output for 5 seconds, the unlock output stops. -
-