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01-91113-01
4. DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURE
1) Oil Leak Diagnosis
Most fluid oil leaks are easily located and repaired by visually finding the leak and replacing or
repairing the necessary parts. On some occasions a fluid leak may be difficult to locate or repair.
The following procedures may help you in locating and repairing most leaks.
Finding the Leak ▶
Identify the fluid. Determine whether it is engine oil, automatic transmission fluid, power
steering fluid, etc.
Identify where the fluid is leaking from. -
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After running the vehicle at normal operating temperature, park the vehicle over a large
sheet of paper.
Wait a few minutes.
You should be able to find the approximate location of the leak by the drippings on the
paper. ·
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·
Visually check around the suspected component.
Check around all the gasket mating surfaces for leaks. A mirror is useful for finding leaks
in areas that are hard to reach.
If the leak still cannot be found, it may be necessary to clean the suspected area with a
degreaser, steam or spray solvent. -
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Clean the area well.
Dry the area.
Operate the vehicle for several miles at normal operating temperature and varying
speeds.
After operating the vehicle, visually check the suspected component.
If you still cannot locate the leak, try using the powder or black light and dye method. ·
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·
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Clean the suspected area.
Apply an aerosol-type powder (such as foot powder) to the suspected area.
Operate the vehicle under normal operating conditoins.
Visually inspect the suspected component. You should be able to trace the leak path over
the white powder surface to the source. -
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- Powder Method ▶
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01-53680-01
2. FEATURES AND SPECIFICATIONS
1) Specifications
Description DSI M78 (6-speed) Remarks
Gear ratio1st 3.53:1
2nd 2.14:1
3rd 1.48:1
4th 1.16:1
5th 0.87:1
6th 0.68:1
Reverse 3.09:1
Transmission flui
dFluid Fuchs FES 209-3292 ATF
Capacity Approx. 9.5 L
Change interval Check the fluid at every
30,000 km or 1 year, and
change it if necessary.Under the severe driving
conditions, change the fluid
at every 60,000 km.
Resistance of oil
temperature
sensor-20 430.7 ~ 533.9 kΩ
0 146.8 ~ 175.7 kΩ
20 56.74 ~ 65.86 kΩ
100 3.201 ~ 3.399 kΩ
Gear position
sensor1 -
2 -
3 -
D 2.686 kΩ ± 8%
N 5.036 kΩ ± 8%
R 8.953 kΩ ± 8%
P 16.786 kΩ ± 8%
Severe driving conditions? *
Towing a trailer or off-road driving (Inspect the
leak of fl uid at any time, occasionlly)
Taxi, patrol service or delivery service
(extended idling and excessive driving with low
speed)
Frequent stop-and-go traffi c, extended idling,
short driving distance -
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-Driving in a hilly or mountainous terrain,
sandy, or dusty area
Driving frequently at high speed over 170
km/hour
Driving frequently in area where heavy
traffi c under the ambient temperature
above 32°C -
-
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01-113680-01
1. OVERVIEW
The six speed automatic (M78) transmission
is available in two variants: four wheel drive
and two wheel drive.
The transmission has the following features:
Six Forward Speeds
One reverse gear
A torque converter with an integral converter lock-up clutch
Electronic shift and pressure controls
A single planetary gear-set
A double planetary gear-set
Two hydraulically controlled brake bands
Three multi-plate clutches
All hydraulic functions are directed by electronic solenoids to control: -
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Engagement feel
Shift feel
Shift scheduling
Modulated torque converter clutch applications ·
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The transmission contains fully synthetic automatic transmission fluid (ATF) and is filled for life;
therefore it does not require periodic servicing.
Engine power reaches the transmission via a torque converter with integral converter lock-up
clutch.
The six forward gears and one reverse gear are obtained from a single planetary set, followed by
a double planetary set. This type of gear-set arrangement is commonly known as Lepelletier type
gear-set.
The automatic transmission is electronically controlled. The control system is comprised of the
following elements:
External transmission control unit (TCU)
Internal embedded memory module (EMM)
Input and output speed sensors
Valve body unit comprised of four on/off solenoid valves and six variable bleed solenoids
Torque converter -
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Page 593 of 828

02-33170-01
Description Specification
Gear ratio 1st 4.489 : 1
2nd 2.337 : 1
3rd 1.350 : 1
4th 1.000 : 1
5th 0.784 : 1
6th 0.679 : 1
Reverse 4.253 : 1
Synchronizer
ring type1st T: Triple-cone
2nd T: Triple-cone
3rd T: Triple-cone
4th S: Single-cone
5th D: Double-cone
6th S: Single-cone
Reverse T: Triple-cone
Shifting Type Floor change type
Gear selector
lever position
Transmission
fluidType HD MTF 75W/85 (SHELL) or HK MTF 75W/85(SK)
Capacity
Sercive interval Inspect and replenish every 60000 km or 3 years (under
severe driving conditions, change every 120,000 km)
1. SPECIFICATION
Reversing:
High-force type
What’s the severe conditions?
Towing a trailer or off-road driving (Inspect
the leak of fluid at any time, occasionlly)
Taxi, patrol service or delivery service
(extended idling and excessive driving with
low speed)
Frequent stop-and-go traffic, extended
idling, short driving distance -
-
-Driving in a hilly or mountainous terrain,
sandy, or dusty area
Driving frequently at high speed over 170
km/hour
Driving frequently in area where heavy
traffic under the ambient temperature
above 30°C -
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