2012 SSANGYONG KORANDO wheel torque

01-210000-00
ECU
The ECU controls the electric
power steering system
depending on the driving
conditions, based on the
signals from the torque and
angle sensor.
2) EPS (Electric Power Steering)
Fuse
The vehicle with EPS has
EPS fuse (80A) mounted to
the positive (+) terminal of the
battery, and this fuse supplies
power to the EPS unit
directly..
Steering gear box assembly
When the driver turns the steering wheel, a torque is generated and the torque sensor and the steering
angle sensor in the EPS system detect the rotation of the steering column to run the electric motor. At
this time, the worm gear connected to the motor drives the helical gear mounted to the steering column
to generate the assist torque for the steering column. This allows the driver to operate the steering
wheel easier.
ECU
Tie rod end
Tie rod end Gear boxSteering cylinder
Steering wheel assembly
BLAC motor
Lower
shaft Column
shaft
Colum shaft assembly
The column shaft assembly consists
of BLAC motor, ECU, torque and
angle sensors. The electric power
steering (EPS) system uses the
electric motor to assist the steering
force. It functions independently
regardless of whether the engine is
running or not, unlike the existing
hydraulic power steering.
The lower shafts functions in the
same way as the hydraulic type.

01-230000-00
3) General Instructions
Before lifting up the vehicle with a lift, correctly support the lifting points.
When using a jack, park the vehicle on a level ground and place the wheel chocks under the tires.
Position the jack under the frame and lift up the vehicle and then support with chassis stand before
service work.
Make sure to disconnect the negative (-) cable from the battery to prevent any damage to electric
systems.
If you have to work on vehicle, cover the seats and floor with protection covers to avoid any
damage and contamination.
Brake fluid and anti-freeze can damage the painted surface of body. So carefully handle them
during service work.
To improve the efficiency of service work, use only recommended and specified tools.
Use only Ssangyong genuine spare parts.
Never reuse the cotter pin, gasket, O-ring, oil seal, lock washer and self-locking nut. Replace them
with new ones. If reused, normal functions cannot be maintained.
Store the disassembled parts as a set based on disassembly order and unit.
Pay particular attention not to miss or mix the fasteners.
If necessary, especially for inspection, clean the removed parts completely.
Apply the oil or grease on the running and sliding surfeces before installation. Use the specified
sealant and gasket to prevent leakage if necessary.
Tighten the fasteners to the specified tightening torque.
As a final stage of service work, check if the serviced system is working properly and the problem
has been eliminated clearly. (1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
(14) Remove the engine and transaxle as a set.
Manual transaxle: Transaxle can be separated after removing the front module (sub frame, engine
and transaxle).
Automatic transaxle: Transaxle can be separated after removing the sub frame. -
-
2) Equipment
Korando is FF (Front Engine Front Drive) type vehicle, and engine and powertrain system are
integrated into a module. Therefore, 2-post lift and general equipment are necessary when working
on the engine and transmission.
Major equipment: Engine and transmission jack, Engine stand, Engine crane, Transmission jack,
Engine hanger -
-
Engine stand
Engine crane

02-33680-01
1. GENERAL INFORMATION
Automatic transaxle (M11) ▶
The Model 11 six speed automatic transaxle is
available in two variants: four wheel drive and two
wheel drive.
Six forward speeds
One reverse gear
A toruqe converter with an integral converter
lock-up clutch with slip control capabilities
Electronic shift and pressure controls
A single planetary gear-set
A double planetary gear-set
One hydraulically controlled brake bands
Three multi-plate clutches
One multi plate brake
All hydraulic functions are directed by electronic
solenoids to control: -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Engagement feel
Shift feel
Shift scheduling
Modulated torque converter clutch
applications 1)
2)
3)
4) Inhibitor switch
Oil pan
Torque converter
TCU (located under driver's seat) ▶
TCU is located under the driver's seat and controls
the transaxle operations.
TCU is activated and deactivated by the ignition
voltage, and connected to the transaxle through
pin 26 in connector.
TCU receives and uses the signals from sensors
and switches through CAN bus with analog and
digital types. Driver seat
E-coupling unit
TCU
Passenger
seat

02-133680-01
4. LIMP HOME MODE
When the transaxle is defective ▶
In the event of a system fault, the TCU also provides for failure mode effect control (FMEC) to maintain
maximum functional operation of the transaxle.
In the event of a total loss of control or electrical power, the basic transaxle functions (Park, Reverse,
Neutral and Drive) are retained. The 4th and reverse gear ratios with the torque converter clutch in the
unlocked state are the retained gear states the hydraulic system supports without any electrical
assistance.
The TCU communicates with other vehicle electronic control modules by the controller area network
(CAN). If a major fault develops, the transaxle may automatically operate in a "limp home" (failure)
mode to enable the vehicle to be driven to an authorized dealer for repair.
The TCU also provides for transaxle diagnostics, which meet the requirements of OBD II legislation,
monitoring all components which may effect vehicle emissions. 1.
2.
3.
4.
When the transaxle overheats ▶
Limp home mode may also be engaged if the battery charge falls below 8V.
If the transaxle overheats, the shift patterns will automatically change to enable improved transaxle
cooling.
During transaxle overheat, the instrument cluster transaxle selector position display and the over
<009b008c00940097008c00990088009b009c0099008c0047008a00960095008b0090009b00900096009500470090009a004700900095008b0090008a0088009b008c008b0047008900a00047008d00930088009a008f00900095008e0047009b008f008c00
4702c8007e004f007e00900095009b008c0099005002c90047>indicator on the instrument
cluster until normal transaxle operating temperature is reached. 1.
2.
3.
Towing the automatic transaxle equipped vehicle ▶
Flat-bed equipment is the best method of moving a disabled vehicle to avoid any damages.
For AWD vehicle: The vehicle must be towed with a wheel lift and dollies or flatbed equipment with
all the wheels off the ground.
For 2WD vehicles: It is acceptable to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels on the ground without
dollies and the front wheels off the ground. When being towed by a commercial towtruck and wheel
dollies are not available, the front of the vehicle should be lifted, not the rear. -
-

02-16
3) Shift Map Selection
The driver can manually select between normal (S) and winter modes (W) via the mode switch.
Depending on the transaxle temperature, uphill and downhill grades and altitude, shift maps will be
selected by the TCU to suit the driving conditions. The following maps are available.
Standard (Normal) Mode ▶
Normal Mode is selected when the lever is in the D position with the mode switch in the normal (S)
position and the transaxle is within normal temperature ranges. Shift schedule points are optimised for
fuel efficiency and general driving conditions.
Uphill and Downhill Mode ▶
In this mode, depending on the load of the vehicle, adaptive shift maps are selected to progressively
adjust the shift points and torque converter lock points.
Altitude Mode ▶
Shift points are automatically adjusted at higher altitudes to compensate for changes in engine torque
where the torque produced by the engine is greatly reduced by the effects of reduced barometric
pressure and temperature.
Winter (W) Mode ▶
When winter mode is selected, starting in second gear is facilitated and the WINTER mode indicator
light is switched ON. To prevent wheel spin on slippery surfaces, the transmission will not allow first gear
unless manually overridden.
Warm up Schedule ▶
<007c009a008c008b0047009b00a000970090008a00880093009300a00047009e008f008c00950047009b009900880095009a0088009f0093008c0047008d0093009c0090008b0047009b008c00940097008c00990088009b009c0099008c00470090009a00
470089008c00930096009e00470059005700b6006a0055>
The torque converter will not lock-up below 20°C to assist in transaxle warm-up.
Hot Mode ▶
<007b008f008c0047008f0096009b004700940096008b008c00470090009a0047009700990096008e0099008c009a009a0090009d008c009300a0004700880097009700930090008c008b00470089008c009b009e008c008c00950047009b008c0094009700
8c00990088009b009c0099008c009a00470096008d00470058>10° ~ 200°C. The torque
converter lock-up is increased to prevent heat generation by the torque converter.
Activation of the hot mode inhibits other transmission performance features including uphill and downhill
compensation and altitude compensation. Some degradation in shift feel may be experienced as the
torque converter is not unlocked during shifting.
Cruise Control Mode ▶
When cruise control is activated the engine ECU may request the transaxle to downshift under trailing
throttle conditions to increase engine braking.
Above 110℃the electrical radiator fans are switch ON
Above 130℃the engine torque will be reduced and the W light on the instrument cluster will flash
Above 200℃the transaxle will neutralise until the fluid tem
perature falls below 200°C as a final
protection.

03-4
2. GENERAL INFORMATION
Automatic transaxle (6F24) ▶
The Model 6F24 six speed automatic transaxle is
available in two variants: four wheel drive and two
wheel drive.
Six forward speeds
One reverse gear
A toruqe converter with an integral converter lock-
up clutch with slip control capabilities
Planetary gear-set (3EA)
Clutches (2EA)
Brake (3EA)
O.W.C (1EA)
All hydraulic functions are directed by electronic
solenoids to control: -
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
Engagement feel
Shift feel
Shift scheduling
Modulated torque converter clutch
applications 1)
2)
3)
4) Inhibitor switch
Oil pan
Torque converter
TCU (located under driver's seat) ▶
TCU is located under the driver's seat and controls
the transaxle operations.
TCU receives and uses the signals from sensors
and switches through CAN bus with analog and
digital types. Driver seat
TCU
Passenger
seat

03-16
4. LIMP HOME MODE
When the transaxle is defective ▶
In the event of a system fault, the TCU also provides for failure mode effect control (FMEC) to maintain
maximum functional operation of the transaxle. (There are 3 FMEC modes, mechanical limp-home
mode, electrical limp-home mode, limp-home mode C.)
In the event of a total loss of control or electrical power, the basic transaxle functions (Park, Reverse,
Neutral and Drive) are retained. The 4th and reverse gear ratios with the torque converter clutch in the
unlocked state are the retained gear states the hydraulic system supports without any electrical
assistance. (Mechanical limp-home)
If the speed sensor circuit is failed, the gear is fixed to 4th gear, but manual shifting
<004f00590095008b02e9005a0099008b02e9005b009b008f005000470090009a00470088009d008800900093008800890093008c0055004f006c0093008c008a009b00990090008a00880093004700930090009400970047008f00960094008c0047009400
96008b008c0050>
If the inhibitor switch signals are invalid, shifting to1st and 2nd gear is forbidden. (Limp-home C)
The TCU communicates with other vehicle electronic control modules by the controller area network
(CAN). If a major fault is developed, the transaxle may not accomplish the intelligent shift control. The
TCU controls the transaxle with preset values.
The TCU also provides for transaxle diagnostics, which meet the requirements of OBD II regulation,
monitoring all components which may effect vehicle emissions. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Towing the automatic transaxle equipped vehicle ▶
Flat-bed equipment is the best method of moving a disabled vehicle to avoid any damages.
For AWD vehicle: The vehicle must be towed with a wheel lift and dollies or flatbed equipment with
all the wheels off the ground.
For 2WD vehicles: It is acceptable to tow the vehicle with the rear wheels on the ground without
dollies and the front wheels off the ground. When being towed by a commercial towtruck and
wheel dollies are not available, the front of the vehicle should be lifted, not the rear. -
-

04-90000-00
3. DUAL MASS FLYWHEEL (DMF)
The dual mass flywheel (DMF) is of having a mass divided into two halves.
While one mass is connected to the engine crankshaft, which is affected by the mass moment of inertia
of the engine, the other mass is affected by one of the transmission.
The divided dual masses are connected to the coil spring and damping system internally.
The DMF has the following benefits: ▶
Reducing fuel consumption by lowering engine speed
Reducing rattling noise and vehicle vibration in all driving ranges
Reducing synchronization wear
Facilitating gear change
Protecting power train parts by preventing excessive load from being delivered -
-
-
-
-
Primary flywheel
Secondary flywheel
Arc damper spring
Torque limiter
Ring gear 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.