2011 FORD KUGA clutch

E125595
2
3
4
5678
1
Description
Item
PWM solenoid valve for main line pressure
(SLT)
1
PWM- solenoid valve – TCC (SLU)
2
PWM solenoid valve – shift pressure (SLS)
3
Shift solenoid S4
4Description
Item
Shift solenoid S3
5
Shift solenoid S1
6
Shift solenoid S5
7
Shift solenoid S2
8
The hydraulic pressure is distributed to the
individual clutches and brakes in the valve body.
The hydraulic paths and the hydraulic pressure are
controlled electronically via three PWM solenoid
valves and five shift solenoid valves.
The shift solenoid valves S1-S5 are either in the
'open' or 'closed' state.
The control valves (SLT and SLS) regulate the
hydraulic pressure in accordance with the duty
cycle of the electrical PWM signal. The controlled
hydraulic pressure enables smooth shifting or the
generation of a defined slip through actuation of
the relevant clutches and brakes. The control valve (SLU) regulates the hydraulic
pressure in accordance with the duty cycle of the
electrical PWM signal. It controls the torque
converter clutch. The PWM control achieves
smooth engagement of the gears.
The shift timing is calculated by the TCM using the
accelerator pedal position and vehicle speed.
Under normal conditions, the gears are shifted and
the torque converter lockup is activated at low
engines speeds in order to reduce the fuel
consumption.
If the accelerator pedal is pressed down quickly,
the TCM switches automatically into kickdown
mode.
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01-
46
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 46
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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PWM- solenoid valve – TCC (SLU)
E112325
Installation position
The PWM solenoid valve for the TCC (SLU) is
located in the valve body on the front of the
transaxle.
Function
00.2 1.0 0.80.60.4
0
0.2 1.0
0.80.60.4
0
0.2 1.0
0.80.60.40
0.2 1.0 0.80.60.4
E125965
1
2
Description
Item
Hydraulic pressure
1
Average current (A)
2
The valve actuates the torque converter clutch as
well as the reverse gear brake (B3) and 2nd - 5th
gear brake (B2). The PWM control achieves
smooth engagement of the gears. The two brakes
are actuated in 1st and 2nd gear to guarantee
engine braking.
The valve also actuates the torque converter in
such a way that is works in three positions: 'open',
'controlled looping (slip lock-up mode)', and 'locked
(full lock-up mode)'. The hydraulic function of the
valve is linear.
In lockup mode the TCC is closed. The impeller
and the turbine of the torque converter are friction
locked. The engine torque acts directly on the
transmission input shaft. Fuel consumption is
reduced due to a reduction in the torque converter
pump losses.
In slip lock-up mode, slip in the TCC is permitted
in order to improve driving comfort. The hydraulic
pressure acting on the TCM varies in accordance
with the duty signal of the actuation signal
generated by the PWM for the TCC solenoid valve
for the TCC (SLU). The temperature of the
transmission fluid increases in slip mode.
Consequences of signal failure
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 49
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 49
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Description
Item
Hydraulic pressure
1
Average current (A)
2
The valve directly actuates the multi-plate brake
(B1) in 2nd - 4th gear as well as the clutch (C2) in
5th and reverse gear. The PWM control achieves
smooth engagement of the gears.
The hydraulic function of the valve is linear. The
hydraulic valve is controlled by means of the
varying current resulting from the current duty
cycle. The system pressure is low with a high duty
cycle, i.e. with high current intensity (approx. 1 A),
and vice versa.
Consequences of signal failure
E125991
2
1
Description
Item
PWM solenoid valve – shift pressure (SLS)
1
TCM connector 'C'
2
The shift pressure increases to the maximum value
in the event of interruptions, which leads to hard
gearshifts when shifting to another gear. The valve
is then fully open. If the PWM solenoid valve for shift pressure (SLS)
fails, the MIL is activated and the vehicle can be
driven in emergency mode 3.
PWM solenoid valve for main line pressure
(SLT)
E112327
Installation position
The PWM solenoid valve – main line pressure
(SLT) is located in the control valve assembly on
the front of the transmission.
Function
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01-
51
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 51
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Description
Item
Drive
3
Intake side
4
Delivery side
5
The fluid pump operates on the principle of a
G-rotor fluid pump.
The fluid pump draws transmission fluid from the
fluid pan, builds up fluid pressure and then supplies
it to the valve body.
The fluid pump is driven by the crankshaft via the
torque converter housing.
Torque converter with TCC
E66428E66428
1
2
3
5
4
Description
Item
Torque converter housing and impeller
1
Turbine
2
TCC3
Transaxle input shaft
4
Stator with roller-type one-way clutch
5 The torque converter transmits the output torque
hydraulically from the engine to the transaxle input
shaft.
The stator increases the torque up to the clutch
take-up point. At the clutch take-up point, the speed
difference between impeller and turbine is
approximately 90 %.
In order to improve the efficiency, the torque
converter features a hydraulically-activated TCC.
When the TCC is engaged, the torque is
transmitted directly from the crankshaft via the
torque converter housing to the transaxle input
shaft.
Installation position
The TCC is an integral component of the torque
converter.
Function
The TCM controls the PWM via the TCC solenoid
valve for the TCC (SLU). Based on the signals for
engine speed and accelerator pedal position as
well as vehicle speed, driving comfort is improved
by linear actuation of the TCC.
E89081
1
A
B
23
Description
Item
APP (accelerator pedal position)
A
Vehicle speed
B
TCC disengaged
1
Slip lock-up mode
2
Full lock-up mode
3
Full lock-up mode
In lockup mode the TCC is closed. The impeller
and the turbine of the torque converter are friction
locked. The engine torque acts directly on the
transmission input shaft. Fuel consumption is
reduced due to a reduction in the torque converter
pump losses.
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 55
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 55
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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Full lock-up mode of the TCC is not generated at
engine temperatures below 20 °C (68 °F).
Slip lock-up mode
In slip lock-up mode, slip in the TCC is permitted
in order to improve driving comfort. The hydraulic
pressure acting on the TCM varies in accordance
with the duty signal of the actuation signal
generated by the PWM for the TCC solenoid valve
for the TCC (SLU). The automatic transaxle
temperature increases in slip lock-up mode.
The TSS sensor
E112328
The TSS sensor is mounted at the top of the
transmission housing. It is an active sensor and is
supplied with 12 V.
Function
E89083
3
2
1
Description
Item
Signal voltage
1
Signal frequency
2
Transmission input shaft speed
3
The TSS sensor is a Hall sensor. It generates a
square-wave signal, the frequency of which varies
depending upon the speed of the transmission
input shaft.
The frequency of the square-wave signal increases
with the transmission input shaft speed. The TSS
sensor picks up the speed at the housing of the
1st - 5th gear clutch (C1).
The TCM uses the information from the TSS sensor
to determine the following parameters:
• Calculation of the torque reduction that needs to be requested by the PCM during shifting.
• Comparison of engine speed with transmission input shaft speed for calculation of torque
converter slip.
• Calculation of the shift points.
• Calculation of the engaging and disengaging point for the TCC (lock-up function).
• Calculation of the current gear ratios by comparison of the OSS sensor signal.
G1163605en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
307-01- 56
Automatic Transmission/Transaxle
— Vehicles With:
5-Speed Automatic Transaxle - AW55 AWD
307-01- 56
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Fuel System — Vehicles With: Fuel Additive Tank
General EquipmentFord diagnostic equipment
Principles of Operation
WARNINGS:
This procedure involves fuel additive
handling. Be prepared for fuel additive
spillage at all times and always observe
fuel handling precautions. Failure to follow
these instructions may result in personal
injury.
Eye, hand, ear protection and protective
clothing are required to be worn during
any general service or removal and
installation service procedure of fuel
additive system components. Failure to
follow this instruction may result in
personal injury.
In case of fuel additive fluid contact with
the skin or the eyes, flush immediately with
water for a minimum of 15 minutes and
seek prompt medical attention. Failure to
follow these instructions may result in
personal injury.
If fuel additive fluid is swallowed, call a
physician immediately. Rinse mouth
immediately with water, do not induce
vomiting. Failure to follow these
instructions may result in personal injury.
Always provide adequate ventilation when
working on the fuel additive fluid system
or related components. Failure to follow
these instructions may result in personal
injury.
Do not smoke or carry lighted tobacco or
open flame of any type when working on
or near any fuel related components.
Highly flammable vapors are always
present and may ignite. Failure to follow
these instructions may result in personal
injury.
CAUTION: Make sure the workshop area
in which the vehicle is being worked on is
as clean and as dust free as possible.
Foreign matter from working on clutches,
brakes or from machining or welding
operations can contaminate the fuel
system and may result in later malfunction. The fuel additive system is an on-board system
that allows the injection of an additive at each
refueling operation by the customer. The additive
quantity is proportional to the fuel quantity that has
been added. The fuel additive system module
controls the amount of additive fluid entering the
fuel tank at each refueling, A switch mounted on
the fuel filler flap is used to detect the start of the
refueling event and the fuel gauge that is mounted
within the fuel tank informs the fuel additive tank
module the quantity of actual fuel added.
Inspection and Verification
1. Verify the customer concern.
2. Visually inspect for obvious signs of leakage
and mechanical or electrical damage.
Visual Inspection Chart
Electrical
Mechanical
– Fuse(s)
– Fuel filler switch andmagnet
– Wiring harness(s)
– Electrical connector(s)
– Fuel additive system module
– Fuel additive tank module
– Instrument cluster
– Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
– Fuel level sensor
– Fuel additive tank
– Fuel additive tank
line(s)
– Fuel additive tank pipe(s)
– Fuel additive tank connector(s)
– Fuel tank filler cap
3. If an obvious cause for an observed or reported concern is found, correct the cause (if possible)
before proceeding to the next step
4. If the cause is not visually evident, REFER to the Ford diagnostic equipment.
G1080718en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
310-00- 2
Fuel System - General Information
310-00- 2
DIAGNOSIS AND TESTING
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Description
Item
PCM
8
Throttle body
Comments:Contains the TP (throttle position) sensor
9
The APP (accelerator pedal position)
sensor.
10Description
Item
CPP (clutch pedal position) switch
Comments:Vehicles with manual transaxle.
11
BPP (brake pedal position) switch
12
Reverse gear solenoid
Comments:Vehicles with manual transaxle.
13
System Operation
Speed Control
Cruise control is integrated into PCM and
intervenes in engine management to automatically
keep to the target speed selected by the driver.
When the system is active, the vehicle can be
accelerated or decelerated without the accelerator
pedal being pressed. Cruise control is operated
using the control switch units on the steering wheel.
The PCM controls the throttle to achieve this. The
ABS module supplies the VSS signal for this.
On vehicles with automatic transmission, the TCM
receives a notification via the CAN (controller area
network) bus that cruise control is active. The TCM
then controls the transmission based on special
engine maps.
Cruise control recognizes three operating modes:
• "OFF": Control is switched off.
• "STANDBY": Control is switched on but not
active. The speed of the vehicle is not regulated
by the cruise control.
• "ACTIVE": Control is switched on and active. Cruise control adjusts the vehicle speed to the
stored or desired target speed.
Every time the engine is started, cruise control is
in the "OFF" mode. In this mode, only the "ON"
button is operable.
Cruise control is initially set to "STANDBY" mode
when the "ON" button is pressed. The green cruise
control indicator lamp in the instrument cluster
lights up. There is no target speed saved.
Cruise control can only be set to "STANDBY" mode
under the following conditions:
• Engine speed is between idle speed and maximum permissible speed. Cruise control can only be changed into "ACTIVE"
mode under the following conditions:
• 2nd - 6th gear engaged.
• Engine speed between idle speed and maximum
permissible speed.
• Vehicle speed at least 40 km/h.
Pressing the "SET+" or "SET-" button activates
cruise control ("ACTIVE" mode). The green "Cruise
control" indicator lamp in the instrument cluster
lights up. The current vehicle speed is saved as
the target.
In "ACTIVE" mode the "OFF", "SET+", "SET-" and
"RES" buttons are active. If the "RES" button is
pressed again, control is suspended. The "RES"
button has a dual function and is used to resume
and suspend the cruise control.
Tapping the "SET+" button (for less than 640 ms)
increases the target speed by 1 km/h at a time.
Holding down the "SET+" button (for longer than
640 ms) increases the target speed until the button
is released. If the button is not released, cruise
control accelerates the vehicle up to the maximum
permissible vehicle speed (200 km/h) or up to the
vehicle's maximum speed (whichever speed is
lower). Tapping the "SET-" button (for less than
640 ms) reduces the target speed by 1 km/h at a
time. When the the "SET-" button is held down, the
control reduces the target speed until the button is
released. If the "SET-" button is held down until
the minimum speed of 40 km/h is reached, cruise
control switches to "STANDBY" mode.
Cruise control is put into "STANDBY" mode when
the "RES" button is pressed. Control to the stored
target speed can be started again by pressing the
"RES" button again. If the "SET+" or "SET-" button
is pressed while the "RES" function is being
performed (control to saved target speed), cruise
G1044191en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
310-03- 4
Speed Control
310-03- 4
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
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control saves the current speed as the target
speed.
Cruise control goes into STANDBY mode in the
following situations:
• Operation of the brake pedal
• Operation of the clutch pedal
• Operation of the parking brake
• If the driver operates the accelerator pedal andthe saved target speed is subsequently
exceeded for more than 5 minutes.
• Pressing any cruise control button for more than 2 minutes
• Intervention by the traction control or electronic stability program (for longer than 40 ms)
• Shifting of the gear selector lever to the "N" position (vehicles with automatic transmission
only)
• Minimum speed falls below 40 km/h.
• Occurrence of particular DTC (diagnostic trouble code)
• faulty signal from the backup lamp switch
Cruise control is switched off when the "OFF"
button is pressed.
If the accelerator pedal is pressed down, the
vehicle speed increases. As soon as the pedal is
released, the speed falls to the saved target value. The following components supply the signals
needed by the cruise control:
• The APP sensor.
– The APP sensor identifies the currentposition of the accelerator pedal and sends
a PWM (pulse width modulation) signal to
the PCM and an analog DC (direct current)
signal to the GEM.
– If one or both of the APP sensors fails, a fault is stored in the PCM fault memory and cruise
control cannot be activated.
• BPP switch – The BPP switch tells the PCM whether thevehicle is being braked. In its rest state the
switch is closed and sends an earth signal
to the GEM. This signal is sent via the CAN
to the PCM.
– The brake light switch is likewise connected to the GEM and is opened in the rest state.
When the vehicle is braked, the brake light
switch sends a signal to the GEM. This
compares the signals from the BPP switch
and the brake light switch. If a discrepancy
occurs, a fault is stored in the error memory
of the GEM. Cruise control cannot be
activated.
• CPP switch – The CPP switch sends a ground signal to theGEM as soon as the clutch is operated. This
signal is passed on by the GEM via the CAN
bus to the PCM. This then supplies the signal
to the cruise control.
– If the CPP switch is incorrectly installed or set, cruise control cannot be activated.
• Wheel speed sensors – The wheel speed sensors record the speedof all the wheels. The recorded speed values
are sent to the ABS module via a hard-wired
connection. The ABS module calculates a
vehicle speed signal (VS signal) from the
speed values and the wheel diameter. This
vehicle speed signal is transferred via the
CAN bus to the PCM and supplied to the
cruise control. If the vehicle speed signal is
faulty, cruise control cannot be activated.
G1044191en2008.50 Kuga8/2011
310-03- 5
Speed Control
310-03- 5
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