2010 ASTON MARTIN V8 VANTAGE fuel

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
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VCT Monitor

Variable Cam Timing System Monitor
VCT Hardware

Variable Cam Timing (VCT) enables rotation of the camshaft(s) relative to the crankshaft (phase-shifting)
as a function of engine operating conditions. Intake Only (phase-shifting only the intake cam) is used in
the AML application.

VCT is used primarily to increase internal residua l dilution at part throttle to reduce NOx, and to
improve fuel economy. With Intake Only VCT, the in take camshaft is advanced at part throttle and WOT
(at low to mid-range engine speeds) to open the in take valve earlier for increased residual dilution and
close the intake valve earlier in the compression stroke for increased power. When the engine is cold,
opening the intake valve earlier warms the charge which improves fuel vaporization for less HC
emissions; when the engine is warm, the residua l burned gasses limit peak combustion temperature to
reduce NOx formation.

The VCT system hardware consists of a contro l solenoid and a pulse ring on the camshaft. The PCM
calculates relative cam position using the CMP input to process variable reluctance sensor pulses coming
from the pulse ring mounted on the camshaft. Each pul se wheel has N + 1 teeth where N = the number of
cylinders per bank. The N equally spaced teeth are used for cam phasing; the remaining tooth is used to
determine cylinder # 1 position. Relative cam position is calculated by measuring the time between the
rising edge of profile ignition pickup (PIP ) and the falling edges of the VCT pulses.

VCT Diagnostic

The PCM continually calculates a cam position error value based on the difference between the desired
and actual position and uses this information to cal culate a commanded duty cycle for the VCT solenoid
valve. When energized, engine oil is allowed to flow to the VCT unit thereby advancing and retarding cam
timing. The VCT logic calculates the instantaneous va riance in actual cam position (the squared difference
between actual cam position and commanded cam position), then calculates the long term variance using a
rolling average filter (Exponentially Weighted Moving Average).
If the VCT system is stuck or operates with an consta nt error relative to the target position, the monitor
will detect a variance which will quickly accumulate. There are three variance indices that monitor cam
variance in the retard direction, the advance directi on, and for V engines, the difference between banks. If
any variance index is greater than the malfunction threshold, a VCT target error malfunction will be
indicated (P0011, P0012 Bank 1, P0021, P0022 Bank 2).

The VCT solenoid output driver in the PCM is check ed electrically for open circuit and shorts (P0010
Bank 1, P0020 Bank 2).
VCT Monitor Operation:

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
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Ignition Diagnostic Monitor (IDM), a signal which indicates that the primary side of the coil has
fired. This signal is received as a digital pulsewidth signal from the EDIS system which process
the high voltage flyback signal from the primary side coil.

The relationship between successive PIP events is ev aluated to determine whether the PIP signal is
rational. Too large a change in 3 successive PIP indicates a missing or noisy PIP signal (P0320 or P0321).
Then the CMP edge count is compared to the PIP e dge count. If the proper ratio of CMP events to PIP
events is not being maintained (for example, 1 CMP e dge for every 8 PIP edges for an 8-cylinder engine),
it indicates a missing or noisy CMP signal (P0340). Finally, the relationship between IDM edges and PIP
edges is evaluated. If there is not an IDM edge (co il firing) for every PIP edge (commanded spark event),
the PCM will look for a pattern of failed IDM events to determine which ignition coil has failed circuit
continuity (P0351-56).

Ignition System Check Operation:
DTCs P0320 / P0321 (CKP), P0340 (CMP), P0351 - P0358 (Coil Primary)
Monitor execution continuous
Monitor Sequence none
Monitoring Duration < 5 seconds

Typical ignition check entry conditions : Minimum Maximum
Engine RPM for CKP, CMP 200 rpm
Engine RPM for coil primary 200 rpm

Typical ignition check malfunction thresholds:
For PIP : Time between PIP edges : > 350 milliseconds
Ratio of current PIP period to last two periods : < 0.75 > 1.75
For CMP : Ratio of PIP events to CMP events: 4:1, 6:1, 8:1 or 10:1 based on engine cyl.
For coils : Ratio of PIP events to IDM events: 1:1


General Outputs

The Fuel Injectors are checked electrically for open and short circuit (P0201 to P0208).

The Idle Air Control (IAC) solenoid is checked electrically for open and shorts (P1504).

The Purge Solenoid or Vapour Management Valve output circuit is checked for opens and shorts (P0443).

Purge Solenoid / VMV Check Operation:
DTCsP0443
Monitor execution continuous (5 seconds to identify malfunction/obtain smart driver status)
Monitor Sequencenone
Monitoring Duration 5 seconds for electrical malfunctions

Typical Purge Solenoid / VMV component malfunction thresholds:
P0443 open / shorted at 0 and 100% duty cycle

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
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Inspection Maintenance Readiness Code


I/M readiness information indicates whether a full diagnos tic check has been completed, i.e. the minimum
number of driving cycles necessary for MIL illumination has been completed since computer memory was
last cleared. Information available to the test equi pment or diagnostic tool includes all the non-continuous
monitors. Misfire, Fuel System and CCM monitors are assumed to complete if all the non-continues
monitors have completed.

A P1000 DTC is stored after an OBD reset is performed, until the I/M readiness check is complete.



Tamper Protection


The AML EOBD System shall meet ISO DIS 15031-7 / SAE J2186 - Diagnostic Data Link Security
requirements, to write-protect any re-programmable co mputer code. Additional data will be stored in the
PCM Vehicle Identification Block to enable retrieva l of VIN (although VIN may not be in the VID block
for all vehicles), CALID (CALibration ID identifi es the specific calibration) and CVN (Calibration
Verification Number, similar to an encrypted check sum). CALID and CVN will be tracked for all initial
releases, running changes and field fixes.

To achieve this data retrieva l J1979 Mode 09 will be implemented for VIN, CALD and CVN.



Serial Data Link Connector

The connection between the vehicle and the diagnostic tester shall comply with ISO DIS 15031-3 / SAE
J1962. Whereby the connector will be located in the passenger compartment in the area bounded by the
driver's end of the instrument panel to 300mm beyond the vehicle center line, attached to the instrument
panel and accessible from the driver's seat, and permit one handed / blind insertion of the mating
connector.



Serial Data Link Communication Protocol

The Communication Protocol used by the AML EOBD system will conform to ISO DIS 15031-4 / SAE
J1850, Class B Data Communication Network In terface (41.6kbps) / ISO DIS 15765-4 Diagnostics on
Controller Area Network (CAN).

Basic diagnostic data and bi-directional control inform ation will be provided using the format and units as
described in ISO DIS 15031-5 / SAE J1979 and will be av ailable to Test equipment and diagnostics tools
meeting the requirements of ISO DIS 15031-4 / SAE J1850.

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
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Glossary of Terms

A/D Analogue to Digital
ASM Auto Shift Manul
BTDC Before Top Dead Centre
CALID CALibration IDentification
CD4E Automatic Transmission for Intermediate size Family saloon.
CID Camshaft Identification.
CKP Crankshaft Position
CMP Camshaft Position
COP Coil on Plug
CPC Camshaft Position Control
CVN Calibration Verification Number
DPFE Delta Pressure Feedback
DTC Diagnostic Trouble Code
ECT Engine Coolant Temperature
EDIS Electronic Distributorless Ignition System
EGR Exhaust Gas Re-circulation.
EOBD European On Bard Diagnostics
EPC Electronic Pressure Control
ETC Electronic Throttle Control
ETM Electronic Throttle Monitor
EVR Electronic Vacuum Regulator
EWMA Exponentially Weighted Moving Average
FMEM Failure Mode and Effects Management
FN Automatic Transmission for Medium size Family Saloon
FWD Front Wheel Drive
HDR High Data Rate
HO2S Heated Oxygen Sensor.
IAC Idle Air Control
IDM Ignition Diagnostic Monitor
IMRC Inlet Manifold Runner Control
IPC Independent Plausibility Checker
KAM Keep Alive Memory
LDR Low Data Rate
LTFT Long Term Fuel Trim
MAF Mass Air Flow
MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure
MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp
OSS Output Shaft Speed
PCM Powertrain Control Module
PIP Profile Ignition Pickup
RWD Rear Wheel Drive
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
SAIR Secondary AIR
SCV Swirl Control Valve
STFT Short Term Fuel Trim
TCC Torque Converter Clutch
TCIL Transmission Control Indicator Lamp
TP Throttle Position
TPPC Throttle Plate Position Controller
TRS Transmission Range Sensor
TSS Turbine Shaft Speed
VID Vehicle IDentification
VIN Vehicle Identification No.
VQZ VQuizzer
VMV Vapour Management Valve

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
[email protected] AML EOBD Monitors 07 ROC.doc Page 39 of 43

MIL Code List

MIL Code Description
X P0070 Ambient Air Temperature (AAT) Sensor out of range
X P0106 Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) / Barometric Sensor Range/Performance Fault
X P0107 Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) / Barometric Sensor Circuit Low Input
X P0108 Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) / Barometric Sensor Circuit High Input
P0109 Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) / Barometric Sensor Intermittent
X P0112 Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Circuit Low Input
X P0113 Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Circuit High Input
X P0116 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Circuit Range/Performance Fault
X P0117 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Circuit Low Input
X P0118 Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Circuit High Input
P0121 Throttle position sensor A circuit Range/Performance
P0122 Throttle position sensor A circuit Low Input
P0123 Throttle position sensor A circuit High Input
P0124 Throttle position sensor A circuit Intermittent
P0125 Insufficient coolant temperature for closed loop fuel control
X P0131 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) Low Voltage
X P0132 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) High Voltage
X P0133 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Ba nk 1, Sensor 1) Slow Response
X P0135 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) Heater Circuit Malfunction
X P0136 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2) Lack Of Switching
X P0138 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2) High Voltage
X P0141 Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 2) Heater Circuit Malfunction
X P0171 System Too Lean [Bank 1]
X P0172 System Too Rich [Bank 1]
X P0201 Cylinder #1 Injector Circuit Malfunction
X P0202 Cylinder #2 Injector Circuit Malfunction
X P0203 Cylinder #3 Injector Circuit Malfunction
X P0204 Cylinder #4 Injector Circuit Malfunction
P0221 Throttle position sensor B circuit range/performance
P0222 Throttle position sensor B circuit low input
P0223 Throttle position sensor B circuit high input
P0224 Throttle position sensor B circuit intermittent
P0230 Fuel Pump Primary Circuit Fault
P0231 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit Low Fault
P0232 Fuel Pump Secondary Circuit High Fault
P0298 Engine Oil Over-temperature Condition
X P0300 Random Cylinder Misfire Detected
X P0301 Cylinder #1 Misfire Detected
X P0302 Cylinder #2 Misfire Detected
X P0303 Cylinder #3 Misfire Detected
X P0304 Cylinder #4 Misfire Detected
X P0305 Cylinder #5 Misfire Detected
X P0306 Cylinder #6 Misfire Detected
X P0307 Cylinder #7 Misfire Detected
X P0308 Cylinder #8 Misfire Detected
X P0309 Cylinder #9 Misfire Detected

AML EOBD System Operation Summary

Rory O’Curry Aston Martin Lagonda CONFIDENTIAL 1 May 2009
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X P0310 Cylinder #10 Misfire Detected
X P0311 Cylinder #11 Misfire Detected
X P0312 Cylinder #12 Misfire Detected
X P0316 Misfire Monitor Disabled; unable to Learn Trigger Wheel Profile
X P0320 Ignition/Distributor Engine Speed Input Circuit
P0325 Knock Sensor 1 Circuit
X P0340 Camshaft Position Sens or (CMP) Circuit Malfunction
X P0351 Ignition Coil A Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
X P0352 Ignition Coil B Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
X P0353 Ignition Coil C Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
X P0354 Ignition Coil D Primary/Secondary Circuit Malfunction
X P0400 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow
X P0403 Exhaust Gas Recirculation (EGR) Control Circuit
X P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)
X P0430 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 2)
X P0443 Evaporative Emission Control System (EVAP) Purge Control Valve Circuit Malfunction
** P0460 Fuel Level (FLI) Sensor Circuit
P0480 Fan 1 Control Circuit Malfunction
P0504 Brake switch A/B correlation (BPS on when BLS is off)
P0505 Idle Air Control System
P0506 Idle Air Control System – RPM Lower Than Expected
P0507 Idle Air Control System – RPM Higher Than Expected
P0571 Brake switch A circuit (BPS failed)
P0602 Powertrain Control Module Programming Error
P0603 Powertrain Control Module Keep Alive Memory (KAM) Error
P0605 Powertrain Control Module Read Only Memory (ROM) Error
X P0607 Powertrain Control Module Performance
P0610 Powertrain Control Module Vehicle Options Error
P0703 Brake switch B circuit (BLS failed)
X P0720 Output Shaft Speed Sensor (OSS) Circuit Malfunction
P0721 Output Shaft Speed Sensor (OSS) Circuit Range/Performance
P0722 Output Shaft Speed Sensor (OSS) Circuit No Signal
P1000 EOBD System Readiness Test Not Complete
P1001 KOER Test Not Able To Complete, KOER Aborted
P1100 Mass Air Flow Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1112 Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Circuit Intermittent
P1116 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Out of Self Test Range
P1117 Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor Circuit Intermittent
P1125 Throttle Position Sensor A Circuit Intermittent
P1127 Exhaust Temperature Out of Range – O2 sensor tests not completed
P1128 Upstream HO2S Sensors Swapped
P1129 Downstream HO2S Sensors Swapped
X P1130 Lack of Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) Switches, Adaptive Fuel at Limit
X P1131 Lack of Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) Switches, Sensor Indicates Lean
X P1132 Lack of Heated Oxygen Sensor (Bank 1, Sensor 1) Switches, Sensor Indicates Rich
P1246 Alternator Load Input
P1260 Theft Detected, Vehicle Immobilised
P1270 Engine RPM or Vehicle Speed Limiter Reached
X P1285 Cylinder Head OverTemperature Condition
X P1299 Cylinder Head over Temperature Protection Active
P1408 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Flow Out of Self Test Range

Aston Martin V8 Vantage 2009 MY EOBD DocumentationAston Martin/Ford Confidential
Component/ System Fault Code Monitor Strategy
Description Malfunction Criteria Threshold Parameter Secondary Parameters Entry Parameters Time Required DTC
StorageMIL Illumin-
ation
Catalyst System
Efficiency Below
Threshold
(Index Monitor) P0420
(Bank 1)
HC efficiency inferred from
oxygen storage capacity Rear/Front HO2S switch
ratio> 0.396 (Unitless) Engine coolant temp and
ECT sensor OK
(P0117/0118) -7C < Engine coolant <
110C (20 - 230F)
Once per driving
cycle
P0430
(Bank 2) >0.396 (Unitless) Intake air temp and IAT
sensor OK (P0112/0113) -7C < Inlet Air Tmp < 82C
(20-180F) Approximately 600
sec during
appropriate FTP74
conditions
Minimum time since start
to run Catalyst Monitor 60 sec
Air mass range cell 1 HO2S11 switches : 1023 HO2S21 switches: 1023 3.76 - 18.8 g/s
(0.5-2.49 lb/min)
Air mass range cell 2 HO2S11 switches : 1023 HO2S21 switches: 1023 18.9 - 27.8 g/sec
(2.5-3.69 lb/min)
Air mass range cell 3 HO2S11 switches : 1023 HO2S21 switches: 1023 27.9 - 36.3 g/s
(3.7-4.8 lb/min)
Maximum number of
HO2S11 (Bank 1 front)
switches to allow monitor
completion 250
Maximum number of
HO2S21 (Bank 2 front)
switches to allow monitor
completion 250
Load range for air
mass cell 1 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 0.1 * 100 % - 1.99 * 100
%
Load range for air
mass cell 2 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 0.1 * 100 % - 1.99 * 100
%
Load range for air
mass cell 3 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 0.1 * 100 % - 1.99 * 100
%
Rpm range for air
mass cell 1 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 1000 - 4000 rpm
Rpm range for air
mass cell 2 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 1000 - 4000 rpm
Rpm range for air
mass cell 3 HO2S11 switches : 1023
HO2S21 switches: 1023 1000 - 4000 rpm
Inferred midbed catalyst
temp for air mass cell 1
(Bank1/Bank2) 400 - 1000 deg C
(752-1832 deg F)
Inferred midbed catalyst
temp for air mass cell 2
(Bank1/Bank2) 400 - 1000 deg C
(752-1832 deg F)
Inferred midbed catalyst
temp for air mass cell 3
(Bank1/Bank2) 400 - 1000 deg C
(752-1832 deg F)
Time constant to
determine throttle position
rate 1.0 (Unitless)
Maximum throttle position
rate of change < 30 * 5/ 1024 volts per
sec
Minimum inferred rear
HO2S12/HO2S22 temp to
enter test 400 deg C
(752 deg F)
Time since part-throttle
decel > 1.0 sec
Vehicle speed 8 - 76 mph
Crankshaft position circuit
(PIP) OK (P0320)
HO2S Monitor
COMPLETE with no DTCs
prior to final switch ratio
computation
Evap system OK, no Evap
System DTCs
EWMA "fast" filter constant
for first 2 driving cycles
after KAM cleared 0.99 (Unitless)
EWMA "normal" filter
constant after first 2 driving
cycles 0.99 (Unitless)
Fuel level > 0.15 * 100 % Footnote a)
Footnote c)
Catalyst Efficiency Monitor
1

Aston Martin V8 Vantage 2009 MY EOBD DocumentationAston Martin/Ford Confidential
Component/ System Fault Code Monitor Strategy
Description Malfunction Criteria Threshold Parameter Secondary Parameters Entry Parameters Time Required DTC
StorageMIL Illumin-
ation
P0300
to
P0308 Deviations in crankshaft
acceleration processed by
Neural Network Misfire
Monitor software and Catalyst
Temperature model Percentage misfire
required to exceed
Catalyst Damage
Temperature 1000 deg c
(1832 deg F) catalyst
damage threshold, per
engine bank Type A: See RPM/Load
Table FNMISPCT_97 %
Type A:
200 revs
(Continuous)Type A:
Footnote b)
Type A:
Footnote d)
Percentage misfire
required to exceed
emission thresholds Type B> 0.0323*100% Type B:
1000 revs
(Continuous)Type B/C:
Footnote a)
Type B:
Footnote c)
Percentage misfire
required to clear emission
pending code < 0.001 * 100 % Time since engine start,
value based on time and
IAT 0 + FNMISACT sec
(See Transfer Functions)
Time since PCM power up 0 sec
Time for NNMM
computation queue to fill 4 revs from initial crank
(Meets 2 rev start delay
requirement)
Engine coolant temp -7 - 115 deg C ( 20 - 240 degF )
Engine rpm 600 - 7250 rpm
Net engine torque > -81 Nm ( -60 ft lbs)
Engine torque rate of
change > -33.9Nm (-25 ft lbs/sec)
or
< 33.9Nm (25 ft lbs/sec)
Throttle position rate of
change > -30 volts/background
loop or
< 30 * 5/1024
volts/background loop
Engine rpm/load range See RPM/Load Table FNMISOK_97: Monitor
disabled when less than
0.5
Crankshaft position circuit
(PIP) OK (P0320)
Fuel shutoff for rpm or
vehicle speed limiting No fuel cutoff occurring
Fuel level > 0.15 * 100 %
Misfire Detected At
Startup P0316 Misfire detected during first
1000 engine revs since start P0316 is set in addition to
P0300 - P0308 DTC 1000 revs
(Continuous)Footnote a) Footnote c)
AICE chip failure in
PCM P0606 NNMM chip to CPU
communication fault Number of attempts 10
Continuous Footnote a) Footnote c)
Camshaft/crankshaft
synchronization
failure P1336 AICE chip reports inability to
synchronize camshaft and
crankshaft signals
(Replaces P1309) Number of attempts > 255
Continuous Footnote a) Footnote c)
Engine speed >1550rpm
<2275rpm
Engine load >0.075
<0.225
Engine coolant
temperature >68.3degC (155degF)
Transmission in 6th gear
Vehicle speed >30mph
<70mph
Maximum rate of engine
speed change <500rpm/second
In decel fuel cut
ROM checksum error P260F NNP ROM checksum error Checksum from NNP does not equal mainline
strategyNone
Continuous Footnote a) Footnote c)
Cylinder Misfire
DetectedMisfire Monitor
Footnote c)
Unable to learn
crankshaft profile P0315 Unable to learn stable
crankshaft profile Number of attempts > 6 attempts Continuous within
profile learning
entry conditionsFootnote a)
2