2009 LAMBORGHINI MURCIÉLAGO differential
[x] Cancel search: differentialPage 197 of 1173
2
L824 01 00 03
Fig.1
A
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.
7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
8 Q G H U W K H Y H K L F O H
19.
Drain and collect the engine oil removing the proper plug from under the oil tank (about 9 liters) (011707).
20. Drain completely the oil (about 2 liters) from the oil pan removing the proper drain plug (011707).
21. Disconnect the inlet and outlet pipe from the oil pan (011703).
22. 8 Q V F U H Z W K H F O D P S V D Q G O R Z H U W K H H [ K D X V W W H U P L Q D O V E \ N H H S L Q J W K H P D V D I H Z D \ (025103).
23. From inside the vehicle, remove the panel and the gearshift on the tunnel (086803).
24. Remove the lower front drive cross member elements (052103).
25. Remove the silencer mounting devices (025103).
26. Remove the front drive mounting bolts (030103).
27. Remove the ground plaited cable on the left side of the engine.
28. 5 H P R Y H W K H U H D U D [ O H V K D I W V F U H Z V S H U V L G H D Q G G L V F R Q Q H F W W K H U H D U D [ O H V K D I W V (050103).
29. Separate the shaft from the front differential (052103).
30. 8 Q V F U H Z W K H W Z R H Q J L Q H V L G H P P P R X Q W L Q J E R O W V
31. Disconnect the cable (positive) from the starter (091103).
32. Separate the clutch oil pipe and plug its end: arrange the pipe so that it can cause no trouble.
33. 5 H P R Y H W K H D [ O H V K D I W V I U R P W K H U H D U G L I I H U H Q W L D O
34. 6 X S S R U W W K H J H D U E R [ E \ P H D Q V R I D V S H F L ¿ F O L I W L Q J G H Y L F H E \ L Q V H U W L Q J D Z R R G H Q S L H F H ( $ ) L J ) and lever by
means of a crowbar to move the engine towards the rear part in order to disconnect the front differential from
the drive pipe.
35. Remove the silencer mounting devices (025103).
Page 200 of 1173
2
L824 01 00 05
Fig.2
A
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A.
7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
8 Q G H U W K H Y H K L F O H 20.
6 X S S R U W W K H J H D U E R [ E \ P H D Q V R I D V S H F L ¿ F O L I W L Q J G H Y L F H E \ L Q V H U W L Q J D Z R R G H Q S L H F H (A-Fig.2 ) and lever by
means of a crowbar to move the engine towards the rear part in order to disconnect the front differential from
the drive pipe.
21. Move the axle shafts toward the rear differential.
22. Remove the end of the clutch oil pipe and reconnect it.
23. Connect the cable (positive) of the starter (091105).
24. Screw the two engine side 24-mm mounting bolts.
25. Secure the shaft to the front differential (052105).
26. Reposition the rear axle shaft screws (6 per side) and connect the rear axle shafts (050105).
27. Reposition the ground plaited cable on the left side of the engine.
28. Secure the front drive mounting bolts (030105).
29. Connect the silencer mounting devices (025105).
30. Assemble the lower front drive cross member elements (052105).
31. From inside the vehicle assemble the panel and the gearshift on the tunnel (086805).
32. Tighten the clamps while protecting the exhaust terminals (025105).
33. Connect the inlet and outlet pipe from the oil pan (011705).
34. Fill the oil pan completely (about 2 liters) (011708).
35. Fill engine oil tank (about 9 liters) (011708).
Page 226 of 1173
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L824 01 05 03
Fig.1 Fig.2
Fig.3
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
& U D Q N V K D I W D Q G E H D U L Q J G L V D V V H P E O H 3 U H O L P L Q D U \ R S H U D W L R Q V • Engine disassemble (010003)
• Thermostatic valve disassemble (012103)
• Gearbox disassemble (030103)
• Silencer and exhaust terminals disassemble (025103)
• Exhaust manifolds disassemble (025103)
• Air intake manifold disassemble (012903)
• Alternator, power steering pump and air conditioning system compressor frame disassemble.
• Head disassemble (010303)
• Rear differential disassemble (050903)
• Disassemble the front crankshaft pulley
• Timing system cover disassemble (019003)
• Disassemble the oil pan
• Disassemble the oil draft pipe
• Timing system chain disassemble (019003)
• Oil pump disassemble (011503)
& U D Q N V K D I W D Q G E H D U L Q J G L V D V V H P E O H
1. Fix the crankcase with the lower part facing upwards.
2. Unscrew the bolts which mount the crankcase to the lower part of the crankcase ( Fig.1).
3. Remove the lower part of the crankcase.
4. Remove the connecting rods and the pistons.
5. 5 H P R Y H W K H F U D Q N V K D I W E \ P H D Q V R I D V S H F L ¿ F O L I W L Q J G H Y L F H Fig.2).
6. Check the crankshaft thoroughly for wear or scratches.
7. Remove the bushings from the lower and upper parts of the crankcase ( Fig.3).
Page 231 of 1173
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L824 01 05 05
Fig.6
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
' X U L Q J W K H D V V H P E O \
15. Install P/N 961195027 liner-stop on the concerned liner to prevent it from moving.
16. Insert the connecting rod-piston assembly in the crankcase, checking that:
• 7 K H F R Q Q H F W L Q J U R G E H D G V I D F H W K H F U D Q N V K D I W V K R X O G H U V
• The numbers printed on the connecting rods caps correspond to the numbers printed on the
connecting rod small end.
17. Apply Molycote 1000 on the threads and on the striking surface of the connecting rod cap bolts and tighten the
bolts; Tightening torque (000800-2a).
18. Then tighten to angle check.
7 L J K W H Q L Q J Y D O X H V D
• Oil pump assemble (011505)
•Timing system chain assemble (019005)
• Assemble the oil draft pipe
• Assemble the oil pan
• Timing system cover assemble (019005)
• Assemble the front crankshaft pulley
•Rear differential assemble (050905)
• Head assemble (010305)
• Alternator, power steering pump and air conditioning system compressor frame assemble.
• Air intake manifold assemble (012905)
• Exhaust manifolds assemble (025105)
• Silencer and exhaust terminals assemble (025105)
• Gearbox assemble (030105)
• Thermostatic valve assemble (012105)
• Engine assemble (010005)
Page 299 of 1173
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L824 01 28 00
Fig.3
A
A
%C ' (
F
(
F
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
) X H O 3 U H V V X U H 5 H J X O D W R U
This is a differential device with a diaphragm, located in the front part of each fuel manifold and set by the manufacturerto a pressure of 4.00 ± 0.05 bars.
The fuel under pressure coming from the pump pushes onto the diaphragm ( C-Fig.3 R I W K H G R Z Q À R Z Y D O Y H '
Fig.3 ), opposed by the calibrated spring ( % ) L J ).
: K H Q W K H S U H V V X U H H [ F H H G V W K H V H W S U H V V X U H W K H G R Z Q À R Z Y D O Y H R S H Q V D Q G W K H H [ F H V V I X H O U H W X U Q V W R W K H W D Q N
Furthermore, through the pressure tap ( A-Fig.3), the vacuum in the intake manifold (where the injector shutter is
also located), operating on the regulator diaphragm, proportionally reduces the load from the calibrated spring.
In this way the pressure difference is kept constant between the fuel and the environment in which the injector is located (intake manifold) under all engine operating conditions.
7 K H I X H O S U H V V X U H L V W D N H Q D V D ¿ [ H G S D U D P H W H U L H Q R W F K H F N H G E \ W K H F R Q W U R O X Q L W Z K H Q F D O F X O D W L Q J W K H D P R X Q W R I L Q M H F W H G I X H O 7 K H U H I R U H W K H U H J X O D W R U P X V W Q R W E H W D P S H U H G Z L W K W R D Y R L G D O W H U L Q J W K H engine metering.
3 U H V V X U H U H J X O D W R U ) L J
A. Vacuum signal tap
% Calibrated spring
C. Diaphragm
' ' R Z Q À R Z Y D O Y H
( Fuel return
F. Fuel inlet
Page 300 of 1173
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L824 01 28 00
Fig.4A
%C ' (
F
GH
I
A
(
H
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
Injectors
The task of the injector is to deliver the amount of fuel required for the engine operation: The fuel is injected into theintake duct, immediately upstream of the intake valves.
As the pressure differential is constant between inside and outside the injector (due to the regulator), the quantity of
fuel delivered, with the same electric power depends only on the opening time, established by the control unit.
The injector is the “top-feed” type with the fuel supplied from the rear of the body ( H-Fig.4), where the electric
winding ( ' ) L J ) is also located, connected to connector ( ( ) L J ). The needle ( % ) L J ), integral with the anchor
( C-Fig.4 ), is thrust against the seal seat by a spring ( I-Fig.4).
: K H Q F X U U H Q W S D V V H V W K U R X J K W K H Z L Q G L Q J W K H P D J Q H W L F ¿ H O G F U H D W H G D W W U D F W V W K H D Q F K R U C-Fig.4) and as a
consequence the needle ( % ) L J R S H Q V W K H L Q M H F W R U D Q G W K H I X H O À R Z V W K U R X J K
When the current ceases, the shutter is called back into position by the spring ( I-Fig.4).
, Q M H F W R U ) L J
1. Snug
2. Needle
3. Magnetic anchor
4. Winding
5. Connector
6. Filter
7. Spring thruster
8. Body
9. Return spring
Page 350 of 1173
1
L824 01 90 03
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
$ 7 L P L Q J V \ V W H P F R Y H U G L V D V V H P E O \ 3 U H U H T X L V L W H V
1 R W H
7 K L V S U R F H G X U H F D Q R Q O \ E H F D U U L H G R X W D I W H U W K H H Q J L Q H K D V E H H Q U H P R Y H G I U R P W K H F D U
• Auxiliary belt removed (010103).
• Water pump removed (012203).
• Air conditioning system compressor support removed (026003).
• Alternator and its support removed (090303).
• Rear differential removed (050903).
' L V D V V H P E O \
1. 5 H P R Y H W K H R L O ¿ O W H U V X S S R U W (013003).
2. 8 Q V F U H Z W K H W Z R V F U H Z V X Q G H U W K H R L O ¿ O W H U V X S S R U W
3. Unscrew the auxiliary belt pulley mounting bolt and its washer.
4. 5 H P R Y H W K H D X [ L O L D U \ E H O W S X O O H \ E \ P H D Q V R I D V S H F L ¿ F S X O O H U
5. Remove the auxiliary pulley belt tensioner.
6. Remove the heads (010303).
7. Remove the cover mounting nuts with washers and remove the cover.
8. Remove the auxiliary belt pulley oil seal from timing system cover.
1 R W H
7 L P L Q J V \ V W H P F R Y H U K H D G V D Q G F U D Q N F D V H D U H D G D S W H G S L H F H V L I R Q H R I W K H P L V U H S O D F H G V S H F L ¿ F
P H F K D Q L F D O L Q W H U Y H Q W L R Q L V Q H H G H G W R U H F R Y H U S H U I H F W O H D N W L J K W Q H V V
7 K L V V H F W L R Q H [ S O D L Q V K R Z W R G L V D V V H P E O H
$ 7 L P L Q J V \ V W H P F R Y H U %
Timing system chain
Page 361 of 1173
1
L824 02 02 00
Fig.1
Fig.2
® Automobili Lamborghini S.p.A. 7 K H L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Q G S U R F H G X U H V S X E O L V K H G E H O R Z D U H V W U L F W O \ F R Q ¿ G H Q W L D O D Q G H [ F O X V L Y H O \ I R U W K H / D P E R U J K L Q L ' H D O H U 1 H W Z R U N D Q G $ X W K R U L ] H G 6 H U Y L F H 3 R L Q W V $ O O F R S \ U L J K W V D U H S U R S H U W \ R I $ X W R P R E L O L
/ D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $ E D V H G R Q F R S \ U L J K W O D Z $ O O R I W K H 3 ' ) F K D S W H U V L Q W K H : ( % Z R U N V K R S P D Q X D O V G H V F U L E H G E H O R Z D U H E D V H G R Q L Q I R U P D W L R Q D Y D L O D E O H D W W K H W L P H R I S X E O L F D W L R Q 7 K H F R P S D Q \ U H V H U Y H V
W K H U L J K W W R P D N H X S G D W H V D Q G P R G L ¿ F D W L R Q V 7 K H I R O O R Z L Q J D U H S U R K L E L W H G U H S U L Q W L Q J U H S U R G X F W L R Q I R U Z D U G L Q J W R X Q D X W K R U L ] H G S H R S O H D Q G R U W K L U G S D U W L H V D Q G W U D Q V O D W L R Q L Q F O X G L Q J S D U W L D O Z L W K R X W
Z U L W W H Q D X W K R U L ] D W L R Q I U R P $ X W R P R E L O L / D P E R U J K L Q L 6 S $
* D V 3 U H V V X U H ' H W H F W L R Q 6 \ V W H P $ W ( [ K D X V W 3 L S H
Each exhaust manifold is equipped with a differential pressure sensor (Fig.1 D E O H W R G H W H F W W K H S U H V V X U H À R Z L Q V L G H
W K H P D Q L I R O G L W V H O I 7 K L V V H Q V R U G H W H U P L Q H V W K H P L V ¿ U L Q J F \ O L Q G H U W K U R X J K W K H L Q M H F W L R Q V \ V W H P D Q G G L V S O D \ V W K U R X J K W K H 2 % ' , , H U U R U F R G H D Q \ H [ K D X V W S U R E O H P V
The differential pressure sensor R X W S X W V L J Q D O Fig.2 V H Q W W R W K H U H O H Y D Q W / , ( L V U H S U H V H Q W H G E \ D S X O V H V H U L H V
each pulse corresponds to a spec
L ¿ H G F \ O L Q G H U $ 0 , 6 ) , 5 ( L V G H W H F W H G Z K H Q W K H L Q G H [ L V J U H D W H U W K D Q W K H W K U H V K R O G
F D O L E U D W H G E \ W K H ( & 8
A. Threshold value ( E H O R Z W K L V Y D O X H P L V ¿ U L Q J L V L G H Q W L ¿ H G D Q G W K H 2 % ' , , S D J H L V G L V S O D \ H G
B. Peak value
7 R Y L H Z W K H V H Y D O X H V X V H W K H / ' $ 6 V \ V W H P (109114) D Q G R S H Q W K H ³ 0 L V ¿ U H V W D W X V ´ Z L Q G R Z