During this warm-up period, check the warning lights
and gages:
•If oil pressure does not begin to rise within
15 seconds of starting, stop the engine and find the
cause. SeeOil Pressure Gage on page 3-38for
more information.
•If the engine coolant temperature gage needle goes
into the hot area on the gage, stop the engine and
find the cause of the overheating. SeeEngine
Coolant Temperature Gage on page 3-34for more
information.
•If you have air brakes, the dual-needle air pressure
gage should read at least 115 psi (790 kPa) for both
service systems before you try to move the vehicle.
When air pressure is below 60 psi (420 kPa), the
LOW AIR light will come on and you will hear a
tone alarm. SeeBrake System Warning Light on
page 3-31for more information. If the pressure does
not build up or drops during warm-up, stop the
engine and find the cause before you try to move the
vehicle. Recommended air pressure before driving is
120 psi (830 kPa). SeeAir Pressure Gage on
page 3-47for more information.
•The charging system light should come on when the
ignition key is turned to ON/RUN or START and
should go out when the engine is running above idle.
If the light does not go out or comes back on during
normal engine operation, have the charging system
checked right away. (This light tells you if the
generator is not charging; it does not reflect the
condition of the battery.) SeeCharging System Light
on page 3-29for more information.
•The voltmeter charge indicator gage tells you the
condition of the battery’s charge. The gage should be
in the center area during engine operation. The red
area on the left indicates an undercharge condition;
the red area on the right indicates an overcharge.
If the gage is in either red area, have the battery and
charging system checked right away. SeeVoltmeter
Gage on page 3-30for more information.
Notice:Do not allow the engine to operate at low
idle for more than five minutes. This can cause low
engine operating temperatures which can affect
engine operation and reduce engine life. Engine idle
speed should be increased to 1200 rpm whenever
extended idle is required. Once started, the engine
should be placed under load to allow the engine
coolant temperature to reach 150°F (66°C) before
shutting off the engine.
2-24
Eaton®Fuller®Five and Six-Speed
Transmissions and TTC Spicer
Seven-Speed Transmissions
These transmissions have gears that automatically
synchronize when you shift up or down (except 1 (First)
gear on the five-speed and seven-speed transmission
which is unsynchronized). Choose the gear that will
maintain the road speed you want while keeping
the engine above two-thirds of the governed speed.
When the engine speed drops below two-thirds of the
governed speed, shift into the next lower gear before
your engine begins to lug. When you shift down, be sure
to double-clutch if required.
Eaton®Fuller®Nine and Ten-Speed
Non-Synchronized Manual
Transmissions
If the vehicle has one of these transmissions the engine
rpm and road speed must match when upshifting and
downshifting. The label above the windshield will tell you
the operating basics you need to know.
The following are driving tips.
•Always choose an initial starting gear suitable for
the load and terrain.
•Always use double-clutching procedures when
shifting.
•Never move the range shift lever to the LO speed
gear position after HI range preselection, or
anytime the transmission is in the HI range.
•Never move the range knob or lever with the shift
lever in N (Neutral) while the vehicle is moving.
•Never make a range shift while moving in
R (Reverse).
Clutch Brake (Vehicles with
Non-Synchronized Transmission)
A clutch brake is used to stop transmission input shaft
rotation so that 1 (First) or R (Reverse) gear selection
can be initiated when the vehicle is at a standstill
and the engine is idling.
Press the clutch pedal all the way down to the floorboard
to apply the clutch brake.
When using the clutch brake, disengage the clutch pedal
and shift the transmission into either the initial starting
gear or R (Reverse). If the tooth-butting occurs between
the clutching teeth, re-engage the clutch while applying
light pressure to the shift lever. This will provide for a
smooth shift into either 1 (First) or R (Reverse) gear.
Notice:Using the clutch brake for shifting into any
gear other than 1 (First) or R (Reverse) may cause
premature wear of the clutch brake and make gear
shift effort more difficult. Do not use the clutch brake
for shifting after engaging 1 (First) or R (Reverse).
2-29
Shifting Out of Four-Wheel Low
To shift from Four-Wheel Low to Four-Wheel High or
Two-Wheel High, the vehicle must be stopped or moving
less than 3 mph (5 km/h) with the transmission in
N (Neutral) with the engine running. The preferred
method for shifting out of Four-Wheel Low is to have
the vehicle moving 1 or 2 mph (1.6 to 3.2 km/h).
Turn the knob to Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel High.
You must wait for the Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel
High indicator light to stop flashing and remain on before
shifting the transmission into gear.
Notice:Shifting the transmission into gear before
the Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel High indicator
light has stopped flashing could damage the transfer
case. To help avoid damaging the vehicle, always
wait for the Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel High
indicator light to stop flashing before shifting
the transmission into gear.
If the knob is turned to Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel
High while the vehicle is in gear and/or moving, the
Four-Wheel High or Two-Wheel high indicator light
flashes for 30 seconds. It will not complete the shift
unless the vehicle is moving less than 3 mph (5 km/h)
with the transmission in N (Neutral).
Shifting Into Neutral
Before shifting the transfer case to N (Neutral), first
make sure the vehicle is parked so that it will not roll.
1. Set the parking brake. SeeParking Brake (With
Hydraulic Brakes) on page 2-38orParking Brake
(With Air Brakes) on page 2-41for parking
brake apply procedure.
2. Start the vehicle.
3. Put the transmission in N (Neutral).
4. Shift the transfer case to Two-Wheel High.
5. Turn the transfer case knob all of the way past
Four-Wheel Low and hold it there for a minimum
of 10 seconds. The N (Neutral) indicator light
comes on.
6. Shift the transmission to R (Reverse) for
one second, then shift the transmission to D (Drive)
for one second.
7. Turn the ignition to OFF.
8. Place the transmission shift lever in P (Park).
9. Turn the ignition to LOCK.
2-34
{CAUTION:
It can be dangerous to get out of the vehicle
without the parking brake firmly set. The vehicle
can roll. If you have left the engine running, the
vehicle can move suddenly. You or others could
be injured. To be sure the vehicle will not move,
even when you are on fairly level ground, always
set the parking brake.
To set the hand lever parking brake, hold the regular
brake pedal down, then pull up on the handle, until
it stops.
If the ignition is on when the parking brake is set, the
brake system warning light will come on.Once the parking brake is applied, slowly remove your
foot from the regular brake pedal, while checking to
see if the vehicle moves. If the vehicle does start
to move, press the regular brake pedal and adjust the
parking brake holding force. See “Parking Brake
Adjustment” later in this section.
If the parking brake still does not set, take the vehicle to
your dealer/retailer for service.
To release the foot pedal parking brake, hold the
regular brake pedal down. Pull the brake release handle,
located just above the parking brake pedal.
To release the hand lever parking brake, hold the
regular brake pedal down and push down on the handle
until it stops.
If the ignition is on when the parking brake is released,
the brake system warning light will go off.
2-39
Diesel Particulate Filter
The vehicle has a Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) as part
of the exhaust system to reduce vehicle emissions. The
DPF requires a unique exhaust tailpipe with an exhaust
cooler. The exhaust cooler mixes air with the exhaust to
lower the temperature before it leaves the tailpipe.
The DPF, the tailpipe, or other exhaust system
components must not be altered. Inspect regularly and
clean any mud or dirt from the exhaust cooler,
especially where the exhaust cooler connects to the
tailpipe and the openings where fresh air enters
the cooler. See “Exhaust System Inspection” underAt
Least Twice a Year on page 6-27.
The DPF will clean itself as part of normal operation.
Several factors including fuel consumed, hours of engine
operation and miles driven are monitored by the Engine
Control Module (ECM). The self cleaning occurs
approximately once per tank of fuel.
During self cleaning, the
green DPF indicator light
will come on. See
Diesel Particulate Filter
Warning Light on
page 3-46.To clean the filter, either drive the vehicle above 30 mph
(50 km/h) to activate self cleaning, or stop the vehicle
and perform the manual cleaning procedure. For
self cleaning, drive until the green DPF indicator light
goes off. This will take approximately 20 minutes. Once
self cleaning has started, drive until the green indicator
light goes off to complete the cleaning in a single
operation if possible.
Extended idling can cause exhaust parts and gases to
become very hot. Keep the exhaust area clear of
material that could ignite or burn. SeeParking Over
Things That Burn on page 2-44for more information.
{CAUTION:
During DPF self cleaning or during extended idling
in P (Park), the exhaust system and exhaust
gases are very hot. Things that burn could touch
hot exhaust parts under the vehicle and ignite.
You or others could be burned. Do not park, or
idle for an extended period of time, near or over
papers, leaves, dry grass, or other things that can
burn. Keep the exhaust area clear of material that
could ignite or burn. SeeParking Over Things
That Burn on page 2-44for more information.
2-46
Manual Cleaning Procedure
{CAUTION:
During DPF self cleaning, the exhaust system and
exhaust gases are very hot. Stay clear of the
tailpipe area and do not park over things that burn.
You or others could be burned or the vehicle could
catch fire. SeeParking Over Things That Burn on
page 2-44.
If the yellow or red DPF indicator is on, you can clean
the DPF by performing a manual cleaning.When it is safe to do so, stop the vehicle. Perform DPF
manual cleaning in a well ventilated area. DPF Manual
cleaning must be performed outdoors, as follows. Once
manual cleaning is started, complete the manual cleaning
in a single operation if possible. If manual cleaning is not
completed, as indicated by the green DPF indicator going
off, and the yellow or red indicator light remains on, self
cleaning might not be allowed until the vehicle is stopped
and manual cleaning is performed until completed.
1. Check engine oil and engine coolant levels to be
sure they are at proper operating levels.
2. To prevent running out of fuel during manual
cleaning, make sure there is at least a quarter of a
tank of fuel.
3. Check to make sure the area near the exhaust
tailpipe and under the exhaust system are clear
of any materials that could catch fire. Keep people
away from the area of the exhaust system and
exhaust gases.
2-48
Headlamp High/Low-Beam Changer
To change the headlamps from low to high beam or
high to low beam, pull the multifunction lever all the way
toward you, then release it.
When the high beams
are on, this light on the
instrument panel cluster
will also be on.
Windshield Wipers
The windshield wipers are
controlled by turning the
band with the wiper symbol
on it.
9(Off):Turns off the windshield wipers.
8(Mist):For a single wiping cycle. Hold it there until
the wipers start, then let go. The wipers will stop
after one cycle. If more wipes are needed, hold the
band on mist longer.
The wiper speed can be set for long or short delays
between wipes. Turn the band to select the delay time.
The farther the band is turned upward or downward,
the longer or shorter the delay.
3-8
If the light comes on while driving, pull off the road and
stop carefully. The pedal might be harder to push or
might go the floor. It can take longer to stop. If the light
remains on, have the vehicle towed for service. See
Towing Your Vehicle on page 4-23for more information.
The brake warning light may come on, and the
warning tone may sound, when you are turning and
braking at the same time. This is normal. See “Hydraulic
Brake Systems” underBraking on page 4-4.
Parking Brake Warning Light
Your vehicle has a brake warning light. When the
ignition is on, this light will come on when you set your
parking brake. The light will stay on if your parking
brake does not release fully.
This light should also come on when you turn the
ignition key to START. If it does not come on then, have
it fixed so it will be ready to remind you if the parking
brake is applied or has not released fully.
Air Brake System Warning Light
Vehicles with air brake systems have a brake system
warning light on the instrument panel.
The low air warning light
should come on, as a
check, whenever you start
the engine.
However, it is designed to come on, and stay on, when
brake reservoir pressure has dropped below 60 psi
(410 kPa).
3-32