2008 GREAT WALL FLORID tire type

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine GWFLORID Maintenance Manual14
Chassis' Main Assembly Technical Parameters (Continued)
ItemSpecifications
Wheel and
tire
Wheel specificationsStandard 15 × 6J rim, offset distance: 40 mm
Tire specificationsStandard tire selection 185/65 R15 88H
Spare tire
specificationsSpare tire 185/65 R15 88H, T125/70R16 96M J16 × 4T
Steering
system
Steering gearRack and pinion hydraulic power steering gear, with drive ratio of 19.03,
power steering pump rate of flow is 6.7-8.9 L/min
Steering columnSafe, energy absorbing, angle-adjustable steering column, with an adjustable
range of 3.6°.
Steering wheelA three stage softening type with airbag, diameter of 370 mm, and maximum
steering circle number of 3.08.
Main technical
parameters
Front wheel camber/rear wheel camber-0° 43′ ± 30′ /-0° 43' ± 30'
Kingpin angle+10°21′ ± 30′
Kingpin caster+1°49′ ± 30′
Front wheel toe-in/rear wheel toe-in-0° 01′ ± 15′ /+0° 14' ± 15'
Inside wheel steering angle (°)32°-37°
Outer wheel steering angle (°)28°-30°
Steering wheel rotation number (n)3.08
Steering system angle ratio (i0ω)19.03
Brake
system
Service brake type
The service brake system adopts a hydraulic vacuum power-assisted type.
The front/rear brakes are disc and drum brakes respectively. The front brake
uses a ventilated disc, and the brake pedal is a suspended pedal with vacuum
booster. Brake line is in a dual-circuit diagonal (X type) arrangement,
adopting a ABS + EBD anti-lock and braking force distribution system.
Service brake booster
and master cylinder
Single stage Φ9inch vacuum booster, series dual-chamber brake master
cylinder, cylinder bore Φ22.22 mm, stroke 32 mm
Brake reservoirShares with the clutch master cylinder reservoir and installed with a brake
fluid level alarm.
Brake pedal strokeFree play: 6-9 mm, working stroke: 37-40 mm.
Brake pedal pressure<380 N (no load) <480 N (full load)
Parking brake
The parking brake system uses a mechanical remote ratchet cable control
mechanism to control the rear wheel drum brake. Brake lever's functional
stroke is 5-8 gearteeth.
Brake parameters
Front wheelFloating caliper disc brake
Wheel cylinder
diameterΦ54 mm
Brake disc
diameterΦ255 mm
Rear wheelLeading trailing shoe drum
brake
Wheel cylinder
diameterΦ19.05 mm
Drum brake
diameterΦ200 mm

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine GWFLORID Maintenance Manual72
Suspension System Technical Parameters
Main technical parameters
Suspension type and
composition
Front suspension typeMcPherson independent suspension
Front suspension componentsCoil spring, hydraulic telescopic shock absorber, stabilizer bar, lower swing
arm
Rear suspension typeCompound trailing arm semi-independent suspension
Rear suspension componentsCoil spring, hydraulic cylinder damper, & twist beam welded components
Wheel positional
parameters
(no load)
Front wheel camber-0° 43′ ±30′
Front wheel kingpin angle+10° 21′ ±30′
Front wheel kingpin caster+1° 49′ ±30′
Front wheel toe-in-0° 01′ ±15′
Rear wheel camber-0° 43′ ±30′
Rear wheel toe-in+0° 14′ ±15′
Wheel and tire parameters
Tire specifications: 15 × 6J (For 185/65R15 tires), 16 × 4T (For T125/70R16 tires)
Tire specification: 185/65 R15 88H
Spare tire specification: T125/70R16 96M
Tire pressure must be gauged when the tire is cool: Tire inflation pressure: 200±10 KPa
Spare tir e inflation pressure: 420±10 KPa
Tightening torque
PartCodeAssembly locations for
standard components
Tightening
torque
(N·m)
QuantityGlueGrade
Front
suspen-
sion
Q1861455TF2
(M14×1.5) + Q402
(d2=32 t=5) FD
Subframe & vehicle body (rear)145±15 2Red glue10.9
Q1861275TF2
(M12×1.25) + Q402
(d2=32) FD
Subframe & vehicle body (front)120±102Red glue10.9
Q1401020 (M10×1.25) FDSubframe strut bar mounting bolt49±54Red glue10.9
2904011-S08Swing arm & steering knuckle98±102Red glue
Q1401495 (t=4)
(M14×1.5) FDSwing arm & subframe (front)180±102Red glue10.9
Q1401280 (M12×1.25) FDSwing arm & subframe (rear)120±102Red glue10.9
2904013-S08Swing arm & subframe (rear)/2
2905011-S08Front shock upper assembly loca-
tion40±56
Q32014 (M14×1.5) FDFront shock lower assembly loca-
tion132±104Red glue10.9
Q1400830 (d2=13.5)F r o n t s t a b i l i z e r b a r m o u n t i n g
bracket37±44Red glue
Q32608Front stabilizer bar hanger rod16±24
Rear sus-
pension
Q151B12110TF2+Q402
(d2=35 t=5) FDTwist beam & vehicle body80±102Red glue10.9 grade
with guide
Q32012T13F2
(M12×1.25) FDRear shock absorber & twist beam120±102Red glue10 grade
Q341C10Rear shock absorber & vehicle
body64±54
Wheel3101014-K00Wheel nut (M12×1.25)110±1016
Q30612FD (M12×1.25)Wheel nut cone nut110±1016

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 89Suspension System
Wheel and Tire
Tire
Remark
This vehicle's tire is of the tubeless type. The optimal design condition is met when the inflation pressure is at
the recommended value, and the tire is under full load. Maintaining suitable tire pressure and proper driving
habits greatly influence the tire's use life. For the vehicle, it improves riding comfort, stability, and handling. For
the tire, it reduces tread wear, damage to the tire and extends tire life. Overloading, speeding, and unnecessary
emergency braking will all add to the tire's wear and tear.
Tire pressure measurements should be taken under normal temperature. If the tire pressure rises due to motion
generated heat when driving, cooling it will return to the normal temperature. Therefore, do not deflate the tire
when the air pressure has risen to this point. The tire's air pressure will naturally and slowly decrease when used
under normal conditions. Hence please inspect the air pressure regularly (suggested once a month). The spare
tire should be kept in a useable condition at all times.
Inspect the tire pressure when it is cool monthly or before a long drive. Adjust the tire pressure to the recom-
mended level. The air pressure will normally rise because the tire warms up due to movement. Therefore, after
driving, you absolutely must not deflate or reduce the tire's air pressure, as deflating could reduce the cool tire's
air pressure.
Tire inflation
During a new tire's initial stage of use, warning due to bending motions will cause the tire to swell, and thus
reduce the corresponding air pressure. After 24 hours or 2000-3000 km worth of drive, charge the air pressure.
After inflating, check if the air nozzle core is leaking air with soapy \
water, then lock on the cap.
Possible problems caused by tire pressure
Exceeding the recommended air
pressure
Below the recommended air pressureSame vehicle axle, different
air pressure
Possible problems it
can create
1. Bumpy ride
2. The tear or rupturing of the tire
3. Rapid wear of the tire tread's center
1. Noisy turns
2. Uneasy turns
3. Tread edge wear is accelerated and uneven
4. The tire's rim is damaged or ruptured
5. The tire cord ruptures
6. High tire temperature
7. Steering failure
8. Large oil consumption
1. Uneven braking
2. Over steering
3. Steering failure
4. Deviation while accelerating
Tire and wheel (steel wheel) installation instructions
When installing the tire and wheel, the tire's radial hardware components, also called "high spot", should be at
the same level of the wheel's minimum radius or so called "low spot".
The "high spot" of the tire is initially marked by the paint spot on the side of the tire's surface. This paint will
eventually be washed away.
The "low spot" of the wheel is initially marked by a paint spot on the wheel flange. Whenever the tire is
removed from the wheel, the tire and wheel need re-balancing to make sure the vehicle runs smoothly. If no
paint spot is found on the tire, draw a line on the tire and the wheel before they are removed, in order to make
sure that the tire and the wheel will be re-assembled at the same place.\

Tire replacement
When a tire needs to be replaced, make sure to use a tire with the same specification as the original one. A new
tire used for replacement must be of the same dimension, load area, and structure as the original one. Using tires
that are different in dimension or type will influence the vehicle's riding comfort, handling, speedometer and
odometer calibration, vehicle ground clearance, and the clearance between the tire or the tire's snow chain and
the vehicle body or chassis.
It is suggested to use a new pair of tires on the same axle. If only one tire is needed to be replaced, make sure to
use a tire with a tread most similar to the original, so as to keep brak\
e power and traction balanced.
Warning: Do not mix radial tires, bias tires, bias belted tires, etc., which are of different structure on the
same vehicle unless it is an emergency. Mixing different tires would seriously influence the vehicle's
handling and stability, and even possibly lead to losing control of the vehicle.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 93Suspension System
Dynamic balance and static balance
There are two types of wheel balance: static and dynamic.
Picture 1 shows static balance. Picture 2 shows dynamic
balance.
Static balance means that the weight distribution around the
wheel is equal. If the wheel is static and unbalanced, violent
vibrations may be created, called jump vibration.This kind
of situation can ultimately lead to the uneven wear and tear
of the tires. Shown in diagram 1.
Dynamic balance means that the weight distribution on the
two sides of the medium plane of the wheel is equal, so
during the rotation process, the tire assembly cannot create a
tendency for the medium plane of the wheel to shift from one
side to the other. If the wheel is dynamic and unbalanced, it
can create a shimmying effect. Shown in diagram 2.
1. Wheel shimmy important points[C]: Counterweight not yet added
2. Locations to add counterweight[D]: Counterweight added
3. Axis
Wheel maintenance
Do not use welding, heating, or hammering to repair wheels. All damaged wheels must be replaced.
If the vehicle's wheel is twisted or deformed, sunken or depressed, having too much horizontal or radial hop,
leaking air from the welded parts, stretched out at the bolt holes , having flimsy nut bolt lock, or severely rusty,
the wheel must be replaced. When the wheel is hopping too much, it will lead to undesirable vibratio\
ns.
When replacing the tire, be sure that the load capacity, diameter, rim width, offset distance, and the installation
structure of it, are equal to the settings of original wheel. If the wheel dimensions are not appropriate, this will
influence the wheel and bearing's life, brake cooling effect, speedometer and odometer calibration, vehicle
ground clearance, as well as the clearance between the tire and the vehi\
cle body, and the tire and vehicle chassis.
Wheel (steel wheel) removal
1. Remove the wheelhouse and loosen the nuts, 1-2 turns is
enough.
2. Hoist the vehicle.
3. Screw off the nuts and remove the wheel.
Nut tightening torque: 110±10 N·m
Caution: Heating methods absolutely must not be used
to loosen tightened wheels, otherwise the heat will
reduce its use life and damage the hub bearing.
Wheel (steel wheel) installation
Installation according to the reversed instructions used for
removal, and pay attention to the following requirements:
Wheel nuts must be tightened in proper order and according to
the specified torque, as to avoid wheel or brake disc deformity.
When installing the wheel house, be sure to line up the wheel
housing notch locations with the inflation nozzle.
Tightening sequence: A – C – B – D
Caution: Before installing the wheel, first clean off the
corrosion on the wheel's mounting surface and drum
brake or brake disc's installation surface with a wire
brush, in order to make the wheel installing easier by
making the space between its metal firmly connect
to the mounting surface, otherwise it may lead to the
wheel nuts loosening to the extent that the vehicle's
wheel may come off while driving some day.
1
3
2[A][B]
1. Wheel hop important points[A]: Counterweight not yet added
2. Locations to add counterweight[B]: Counterweight added
3. Axis
Diagram 1
Diagram 2
[C][D]
1
3
2
AB
CD

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 107Brake System
Anti-lock Brake System
ABS/EBD introduction
1. Operation
The vehicle's Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) is a type of increasingly popular brake safety device. It detects the
wheel's speed using wheel speed sensor detection. After signal processing, the wheel speed will be transferred
to the computer, which controls the solenoid valve’s operating condition and the pressure inside the brake wheel
cylinder to avoid wheel locking by using certain calculations and control methods based on the wheel speed.
ABS helps the vehicle to avoid sliding, deviation, fishtailing, and losing steering control capacity. ABS improves
the vehicle’s handling capability, stability and shortens braking distance. It also helps the vehicle to avoid the
partial wear and tear of wheels, hence improves the tire's useful life.
Electronic Brake Distribution (EBD) is used to adjust the vehicle's rear wheel brake pressure by using the ABS
components when the ABS does not respond to vehicle braking. It is also used to balance the vehicle’s front and
rear wheel brake pressure, maximizing the vehicle's braking efficiency. EBD uses the ABS components, yet its
controlling logic is independent from the ABS. After the ABS responds, the EBD will disengage.
2. Basic structure
3. ABS working process
(a) Pressure rising phase: While service braking, oil pressure output from the pump passes the inlet solenoid
valve and enters the brake wheel cylinder. The brake generates braking force and the wheel speed sharply
declines until the ABS control unit detects that the wheel is starting to lock via the wheel speed sensor
detection.
(b) Pressure maintaining phase: When the ABS control unit detects that the wheel is starting to lock via wheel
speed sensor signal, the inlet solenoid valve closes, with the outlet solenoid valve shut as usual. The
pressure maintaining phase thus begins.
(c) Pressure drop phrase: During the pressure maintaining phase, the wheels tend to lock further. This brings
the ABS into the pressure drop phrase. With the inlet valve closed and the outlet valve open, the hydraulic
pump starts working, and brake fluid returns to the brake pump from the wheel cylinder by passing through
the low pressure accumulator. The brake pressure reduces and the brake pedal bounces back.
(d) Pressure maintaining phase: With the degree of wheel locking decreases and wheel speed begins to
increase, the pressure maintaining phrase begins.
(e) Next cycle’s pressure rising phase: When the wheels reach a certain speed, the ABS enters the pressure rise
phase and starts the next cycle.
Note: The ABS's pressure adjusting frequency is generally 2 to 4 cycles per second.
ABS control unit
Wheel speed sensor
Wheel speed signal
Wheel cylinder
Valve work instruction
Hydraulic modulator
Vacuum booster & master cylinder

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 109Brake System
3. Installing the ABS rear wheel speed sensor with brack-
et assembly.
Use three hexagon head bolts, spring washers, and flat
washer subassembly connecting pieces to connect the sensor
to the rear hub unit, rear twist beam, and vehicle body.
ABS General Problem Maintenance and Areas of Importance
Common problems and solutions
1. When braking, the ABS hydraulic pressure unit noise is overly loud.
When the ABS is working, the motor inside the hydraulic pressure unit is ceaselessly rotating. At this time the
driver can feel the brake pedal bouncing back. However, this bounce back feeling will be entirely different
depending on the speed and road condition. Also, when performing an actuator movement test, the sound of the
running motor may also be sensed. When the vehicle is being driven and the brake is off, the sound of the motor
running can still occasionally be heard. This is the ABS undergoing component inspection, not a malfunction.
If the ABS hydraulic pressure unit noise is irregular, a movement test can be initiated. Compare the noise to that
of normal vehicles to determine if ABS hydraulic pressure unit noise is abnormal.
2. Inlet and outlet solenoid valve failure.
Once the ignition switch is ON, the ABS control unit automatically initiates a self-check. If an inlet and outlet solenoid
valve short circuit or open circuit is found, it will record the failure, light up the fault light, and abort the operation. If using a
scanner to adjust the problem code, make sure to use the movement test t\
o confirm that the solenoid valve has a problem and
then replace the hydraulic pressure unit directly.
X431 data flow: While the ABS is functioning, the inlet and outlet solenoid valves rapidly change operating
conditions.
EVFL - Front inlet valve LHOff / On
AVFL - Front outlet valve LHOff / On
EVFR - Front outlet valve RHOff / On
AVFR - Rront outlet valve RHOff / On
EVRR - Rear inlet valve LHOff / On
AVRR - Rear outlet valve LHOff / On
EVRR - Rear inlet valve RHOff / On
AVRR - Rear outlet valve RHOff / On
3. Wheel speed sensor malfunction.
With the engine running, use a oscilloscope to measure the voltage between the sensor's signal line and the
ground.
Output signal when wheel is stationary:
Output signal when the wheels are rotating: signal type is 0.44 V and 1.26 V square wave signal, duty cycle: 50: 50.
Rear hub unit assembly
Rear wheel speed sensor with bracket assembly
Hexagon head bolt, spring washer, and flat washer subassembly
Hexagon head bolt, spring washer, and flat washer subassembly
0
v
t
vv
0 0
tt
or