
If you wish to check your vehicle before the approach of cold weather, the following advice is worth noting:
 Make sure that the engine coolant  contains 50 percent  antifreeze.  Any other mixture will reduce freeze  protection.
This gives protection against freezing down to -31°F (-35°C). See  section "Coolant". The use of "recycled"
antifreeze is not approved by Volvo. Different  types of antifreeze must not be mixed.
 Volvo recommends using only genuine Volvo antifreeze  in your vehicle's radiator. Your Volvo retailer stocks plenty
of Volvo engine coolant  to protect your vehicle during cold weather.
 Try  to keep the fuel tank  well filled - this  prevents the formation  of condensation in the tank. In addition, in
extremely cold weather conditions it is worthwhile to add  fuel line de -icer before refueling.
 The viscosity of the engine oil  is important. Oil with low viscosity (thinner oil) improves cold-weather starting as
well as decreasing fuel consumption while the engine is warming up. For winter use, 5W -30 oil, particularly the
synthetic type
1, is recommended. Be sure to use good quality oil but do not use cold-weather oil for hard driving or in
warm weather. See  section "Engine oil" for more information.
 The load placed on the battery  is greater during the winter since the windshield wipers, lighting, etc. are used more
often. Moreover,  the capacity of the battery decreases as the temperature drops. In very cold weather, a  poorly charged
battery can freeze  and  be  damaged. It is therefore advisable to check the state of charge more frequently and  spray an
antirust oil on the battery posts.
 Volvo recommends the use of snow tires  on all four wheels for winter driving - see section "Wheels and  tires."
 To prevent the washer fluid  reservoir from  freezing, add  washer solvents containing antifreeze  (see page 176 for
the location of the washer fluid reservoir).  This is important since dirt is often splashed  on the windshield during
winter driving, requiring the frequent use of the washers and  wipers. Volvo Washer Solvent should be  diluted as
follows:
- Down  to 14° F (-10° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  4 parts  water
- Down  to 5° F (-15° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  3 parts  water
- Down  to 0° F (-18° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  2 parts  water
- Down  to -18° F (-28° C) : 1 part washer solvent and  1 part water
 Use Volvo Teflon Lock Spray in the locks.
NOTE:  Avoid the use of de -icing sprays as they can cause damage to the locks.
W - Winter/Wet driving mode - enhanced vehicle  traction (automatic transmission)
 Mode W  will only function if the gear selector is in the ( D)rive position.
 Press the button at the base of the gear selector to engage/disengage this  driving mode.
 An LED  in the button will light up to indicate that W  is engaged and  this  will also be  displayed in the instrument
panel (see page 44
).
 This mode may be  selected for starting/ moving off on slippery roads.
1. Synthetic  oil is not used when  the oil is changed  at the normal maintenance service intervals.
pg. 137 Starting and driving
Before a long distance trip
It is always worthwhile to have your vehicle checked at a  Volvo retailer before driving long distances. Your retailer
will also be  able to supply you with bulbs, fuses, spark plugs and  wiper blades for your use in the event that problems
occur.
As a  minimum, the following items should be  checked before any  long trip:
 Check that engine runs smoothly and  that fuel consumption is normal.
 Check for fuel, oil, and  fluid leakage.
 Check transmission oil level1.
 Check condition of drive belts.
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Battery
 Ensure that the battery cables are correctly connected and  tightened.
 Never  disconnect the battery when the engine is running (e.g. when replacing the battery).
 Never  use a  fast  charger to charge the battery. The battery cables should be  disconnected when recharging.
 The battery contains acid that is both corrosive and  poisonous. It is important that the battery is handled in an
environmentally friendly way. Let your Volvo dealer  assist you.
Hoisting the vehicle
If a  garage jack is used to lift the vehicle, the two jack attachments points  should be  used. They are specially
reinforced to bear the weight of the vehicle. A garage jack can also be  placed under the front  of the engine support
frame. Take care not to damage the splash guard under the engine. Ensure that the jack is positioned so that the vehicle
cannot slide off it. Always use axle stands or similar structures.
If a  two-post hoist  is used to lift the vehicle, the front  and  rear lift arm pads should be  centered  under the reinforced
lift plates on the inboard edge of the sill rail (see illustration).
pg. 172 Maintenance and servicing
Working on your vehicle
WARNING!
The vehicle ignition system has very high voltage!
The voltage  in the ignition system is dangerous!
Do not touch spark plugs, ignition cables or the ignition coil when the engine is running or the ignition is switched
on!
The ignition should be switched off when:
 Conducting engine tests.
 Replacing parts  in the ignition system, such as spark plugs, ignition coil, distributor, ignition cables, etc.
WARNING!
Never  try to repair any  part of the SRS or SIPS  bag  systems yourself. Any interference in the system could cause
malfunction and  serious injury. Any work should only be  performed by an  authorized Volvo workshop.
Belt check
Check the belt regularly to make sure it is in good condition and  is clean. A worn or dirty belt can cause poor cooling
and  low alternator output as well as impair the operation of the power steering and  the air conditioning unit.
NOTE:  The drive belt is equipped with a  self -tensioning mechanism and  requires no adjustment between changes.
WARNING!
The engine must  not be  running when this  check is performed.
Check coolant level
The cooling system must  be  filled with coolant  and  not leak to operate  at maximum efficiency. Check the coolant  level
regularly. The level  should be  between the "MAX" and  "MIN"  marks  on the expansion tank. The check should be
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12-volt system with voltage  controlled generator. Single wire system in which  the chassis and  engine block are used as
conductors, grounded on the chassis.
Battery
Voltage:  12 V
Cold  start capacity (CCA): 600 A
Reserve capacity (RC): 115 min
Capacity (Ah): 70
If you must  replace  your battery, be  sure to replace  it with a  battery of the same cold start capacity and  reserve
capacity as the original (See the decal on the battery).
Generator
Max. current: 140 A
Starter motor
Power: 1.4 kW
Spark plugs
P/N272313-8 or equivalent
Gap:  0.028-0.032 in. (0.7-0.8 mm)
Tightening torque: 22 ft. lbs. (30 Nm)
Firing  order: 1-2-4-5-3
WARNING!
The distributor ignition system operates at very high voltages. Special  safety precautions must  be  followed to
prevent injury. Always turn the ignition off when:
 Replacing distributor ignition components e.g.  plugs, coil, etc.
 Do not touch any  part of the distributor ignition system while the engine is running. This may result in unintended
movements and  body injury.
pg. 209 Specifications
Engine  specifications
  Engine  designation
Specification B5244T5B5254T2B5254T4
Output (kW/rps) 191/92154/83
220/92
1
Output(hp/rpm) 257/5500208/5000300/55001
Torque (Nm/rps) 330/42-87320/25-75
400/31-95
2
Torque(ft. lbs./rpm) 258/2100-5000236/1500-4500
295/1950-52502
No. of cylinders 555
Bore  (in./mm) 3.19/813.19/813.27/83
Stroke (in./mm) 3.67/93.23.67/93.23.67/93.2
Cylinder displacement (l) 2.4 (146.5 cu  in)2.52 (153.8)2.52 (153.8)
Compression ratio 8.5:19.0:18.5:1
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