
Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Rear Suspension:  2C-13
Spindle InspectionS7RS0B2306015
• Inspect for cracks, deformation or damage.Replace any defective part.
Rear Suspension Fasteners InspectionS7RS0B2306016
Check each bolt and nut fastening suspension parts for 
tightness. Tighten loose one, if any, to specified torque 
referring to the figure in “Rear Suspension Construction”.
Specifications
Tightening Torque SpecificationsS7RS0B2307001
NOTE
The specified tightening torque is also described in the following.
“Rear Suspension Construction”
“Rear Wheel Hub Components”
 
Reference:
For the tightening torque of fastener not specified in this  section, refer to “Fasteners Information in Section 0A”.
Special Tools and Equipment
Special ToolS7RS0B2308001
I6RS0B230017-01
Fastening part Tightening torque
Note
N ⋅mkgf-mlb-ft
Wheel nut 85 8.5  61.5  ) /  )  /  )  /  )  /  )
Rear shock absorber upper nut 28 2.8  20.0  )
Rear shock absorber lower nut 90 9.0  65.0  ) /  )  /  )
Wheel speed sensor bolt 11 1.1  8.0  ) /  )
Brake pipe flare nut 16 1.6  11.5  ) /  )
Parking brake cable clamp bolt 11 1.1  8.0  )
Trailing arm bolt 73 7.3  53.0  )
Rear axle nut 175 17.5  126.5  )
Rear spindle bolt 88 8.8  64.0  )
09942–1551109943–17912
Sliding hammer Wheel hub remover
 ) )  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 2D-3 Wheels and Tires: 
Metric Lug Nuts and Wheel Studs
All models use metric lug nuts and wheel studs.
Metric lug nuts and wheel studs size
M12 x 1.25
If broken stud or nut are found, be sure to replace both 
stud and nut with new one.
Irregular and/or Premature Wear DescriptionS7RS0B2401003
Irregular and premature wear has many causes. Some 
of them are as follows: incorrect inflation pressures, lack 
of tire rotation, driving habits, improper alignment.
If the following conditions are noted, tire rotation is 
necessary:
• Front tire wear is different from rear’s.
• Uneven wear exists across tread of any tires.
• Both sides of front tire wears are not even.
• Both sides of rear tire wears are not even.
• There is cupping, flat spotting, etc.
A wheel alignment check is  necessary if following 
conditions are noted:
• Both sides of front tire wears are not even.
• Wear is uneven across the tread of any front tire.
• Front tire treads have scuffed appearance with  “feather” edges on one side of tread ribs or blocks.
Wear Indicators DescriptionS7RS0B2401004
Original equipment tires have built-in tread wear 
indicators (1) to show when they need replacement.
These indicators (1) will app ear as 12 mm (0.47 in) wide 
bands when the tire tread depth becomes 1.6 mm (0.063 
in).
When the indicators (1) appear in 3 or more grooves at 6 
locations, tire replacement is recommended.
I2RH01240003-01
[A]: Hard Cornering, under inflation or lack of tire rotation
[B]: Incorrect wheel alignment, tire construction not uniform or wheel  heavy acceleration
I3RH0A240002-01
I2RH01240005-01  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Wheels and Tires:  2D-4
Radial Tire Waddle DescriptionS7RS0B2401005
Waddle is side to side movement at the front and/or rear 
of the vehicle. It is caused by the steel belt not being 
straight within the tire. It is  most noticeable at a low 
speed, 8 to 48 kph (5 to 30 mph).
It is possible to locate the f aulty tire by road testing the 
vehicle. If it is on the rear , the rear end of the vehicle 
shakes from side to side or “waddles”. To the driver in 
the seat, it feels as though someone is pushing on the 
side of vehicle.
If the faulty tire is on the  front, waddling is more visual. 
The front sheet metal appears to be moving back and 
forth and the driver feels as though he is at the pivot 
point in vehicle.
Waddle can be quickly diagnosed by using Tire Problem 
Detector (TPD) and following the equipment 
manufacture’s recommendations.
If TPD is not available,  an alternative method of 
substituting known-good tire / wheel assemblies can be 
used as follows, although it takes a longer time. 1) Ride vehicle to determine whether the front or rear 
waddles.
2) Install tires and wheels that are known to be good  (on similar vehicle) in place of those on waddling end 
of vehicle. If waddling  end cannot be identified, 
substitute rear ones.
3) Road test again. If improvement is noted, reinstall  originals one at a time till w addle causal tire is found. 
If no improvement is noted, install known-good tires 
in place of all four. Then reinstall originals in the 
same manner.
Equipment manufacture’s recommendations
I2RH01240006-01
Inflate tires to recommended pressure
Road test vehicle on level unrouned road in both directions
Switch front tires side to side and road test again
Lead corrected,
if roughness results, replace tiresLeads in same directionLeads reverses direction
Put tires back in original position 
and check alignmentInstall a known-good tire on one front side
Lead remains install a known-good
tire in place of other front tire
Lead remains known-good tires are not goodLead corrected replace tire
Lead corrected replace tire
I2RH01240007-01  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 2D-5 Wheels and Tires: 
Radial Tire Lead / Pull DescriptionS7RS0B2401006
“Lead / Pull” is the deviation of the vehicle from a straight 
path on a level road even with no pressure on the 
steering wheel.
Lead is usually caused by the following conditions.
• Improper tire and wheel alignment.
• Uneven brake assemblies.
• Tire construction.
The way in which a tire is built can produce lead in a 
vehicle. An example of this is placement of the belt. Off 
center belts on radial tires can cause the tire to develop 
a side force while rolling straight down the road. If one 
side of the tire has a little larger diameter than the other, 
the tire will tend to roll to  one side. This will develop a 
side force which can produce vehicle lead.
The procedure in the figure (Lead Diagnosis) should be 
used to make sure that wheel alignment is not mistaken 
for tire lead.
• Part of the lead diagnosis procedure is different from  the proper tire rotation pattern currently in the owner 
and service manuals. If a medium to high mileage tire 
is moved to the other side of the vehicle, be sure to 
check that ride roughness has not developed.
• Rear tires will not cause lead.
Balancing Wheels DescriptionS7RS0B2401007
There are two types of wheel an d tire balance: static and 
dynamic. Static balance, as shown in figure, is the equal 
distribution of weight around  the wheel. Wheels that are 
statically unbalanced cause a bouncing action called 
tramp. This condition will eventually cause uneven tire 
wear.
Dynamic balance, as shown in figure, is the equal 
distribution of weight on each side of the wheel 
centerline so that when the tire spins there is no 
tendency for the assembly to move from side to side. 
Wheels that are dynamically unbalanced may cause 
shimmy.
1. Heavy spot wheel tramp [A]: Before correction
2. Balance weights addition point [B]: Corrective weights
3. C/L of spindle
1. Heavy spot wheel shimmy [C]: Before correction
2. Balance weights addition point [D]: Corrective weights
3. C/L of spindle
I2RH01240008-01
I2RH01240009-01  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Table of Contents 4- i
4
Section 4
CONTENTS
Brakes
Precautions ................................................. 4-1
Precautions............................................................. 4-1
Precautions for Brakes .......................................... 4-1
Brake Control System and Diagnosis ... 4A-1
Precautions........................................................... 4A-1Precautions on Brake .......................................... 4A-1
General Description ............................................. 4A-1 Brakes Construction ............................................ 4A-1
Brake Pedal Foot Protection System Construction ...................................................... 4A-2
Front Brake Hose / Pipe Co nstruction................. 4A-3
Rear Brake Hose / Pipe Construction ................. 4A-4
Diagnostic Information and Procedures ............ 4A-4 Brakes Diagnosis Note ....................................... 4A-4
Brakes Symptom Diagnosis ................................ 4A-5
Repair Instructions .............................................. 4A-7 Brake Pedal Components ................................... 4A-7
Brake Pedal Free Height Inspection ................... 4A-7
Brake Pedal Play Inspection ............................... 4A-7
Excessive Pedal Travel Inspection ..................... 4A-8
Brake Fluid Level Inspection ............................... 4A-8
Stop Light Switch Adjustment ............................. 4A-8
Air Bleeding of Brake System ............................. 4A-9
Front Brake Hose / Pipe Removal and Installation ....................................................... 4A-10
Rear Brake Hose / Pipe Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4A-10
Brake Hose and Pipe Inspection ....................... 4A-11
Master Cylinder Components............................ 4A-11
Master Cylinder Assembly Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4A-12
Master Cylinder Rese rvoir Removal and 
Installation ....................................................... 4A-13
Master Cylinder Assemb ly Disassembly and 
Assembly ........................................................ 4A-14
Master Cylinder Assembly Inspection ............... 4A-15
Brake Booster Components .............................. 4A-15
Booster Operation Inspection ........................... 4A-16
Brake Booster Removal and Installation ........... 4A-17
Brake Booster Inspection and Adjustment ........ 4A-18
Specifications ..................................................... 4A-18
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 4A-18
Special Tools and Equipmen t ........................... 4A-18 Recommended Service Material ....................... 4A-18
Front Brakes .......
..................................... 4B-1
Repair Instructions ........... ...................................4B-1
Front Disc Brake Components ............................ 4B-1
Front Disc Brake Pad On-Vehicle Inspection ...... 4B-2
Front Disc Brake Pad Removal and  Installation ......................................................... 4B-2
Front Disc Brake Pad Inspection......................... 4B-3
Front Disc Brake Ca liper Removal and 
Installation ......................................................... 4B-3
Front Disc Brake Caliper Disassembly and  Assembly........................................................... 4B-4
Front Disc Brake Caliper In spection.................... 4B-6
Front Brake Disc Removal and Installation ......... 4B-6
Front Brake Disc Inspection ................................ 4B-7
Specifications .................... ...................................4B-8
Tightening Torque Specifications ........................ 4B-8
Special Tools and Equipmen t .............................4B-8
Recommended Service Material ......................... 4B-8
Special Tool ........................................................ 4B-8
Rear Brakes................... ........................... 4C-1
Repair Instructions ........... ...................................4C-1
Rear Disc Brake Components.............................4C-1
Rear Disc Brake Pad Removal and  Installation .........................................................4C-2
Rear Disc Brake Caliper Removal and  Installation .........................................................4C-3
Rear Disc Brake Pad Inspection .........................4C-6
Rear Disc Brake Caliper Disassembly and  Assembly...........................................................4C-6
Rear Disc Brake Caliper Inspection ....................4C-8
Rear Flexible Hose Remova l and Installation .....4C-8
Rear Brake Disc Removal and Installation..........4C-9
Rear Brake Disc Inspection.................................4C-9
Specifications .................... .................................4C-10
Tightening Torque Specifications ......................4C-10
Special Tools and Equipmen t ...........................4C-11
Recommended Service Material .......................4C-11
Special Tool ......................................................4C-11
Parking Brake ................. ......................... 4D-1
General Description .............................................4D-1
Parking Brake Cable Construction ......................4D-1  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine 4-ii Table of Contents
Repair Instructions ..............................................4D-2Parking Brake Inspection and Adjustment ..........4D-2
Parking Brake Cable Removal and Installation ......................................................... 4D-3
Parking Brake Lever Removal and Installation ....4D-3
Specifications .... ...................................................4D-4
Tightening Torque Specifications ........................4D-4
ABS ........................................... .................4E-1
Precautions........................................................... 4E-1
Precautions in Diagnosing Troubles ................... 4E-1
Precautions in On-Vehicle Service...................... 4E-1
Precautions in Hydraulic Unit Operation Check ................................................................ 4E-1
General Description ............................................. 4E-2 ABS Description .................................................. 4E-2
ABS Hydraulic Unit / Control Module Assembly Description ....................................... 4E-2
CAN Communication System Description........... 4E-3
Schematic and Routing Diagram ........................ 4E-4 ABS Schematic ................................................... 4E-4
ABS Wiring Circuit Diagram ................................ 4E-5
Component Location ........... ................................ 4E-7
ABS Components Location ................................. 4E-7
Front Wheel Speed Sensor Components  Location ............................................................ 4E-7
Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Components  Location ............................................................ 4E-8
Diagnostic Information and Procedures ............ 4E-8 ABS Check .......................................................... 4E-8
ABS Warning Light Check................................. 4E-10
EBD Warning Light (Brake Warning Light) Check .............................................................. 4E-10
DTC Check........................................................ 4E-11
DTC Table ......................................................... 4E-11
DTC Clearance ................................................. 4E-12
Scan Tool Data ................................................. 4E-12
ABS Warning Light Does Not Come ON at  Ignition Switch ON .......................................... 4E-13
ABS Warning Light Comes ON Steady ............. 4E-14
EBD Warning Light (Brake Warning Light)  Comes ON Steady .......................................... 4E-15
Serial Data Link Circuit Check .......................... 4E-16
DTC C1021, C1022 / C1025, C1026 / C1031,  C1032 / C1035, C1036:  Right-Front / Left-
Front / Right-Rear / Left-Rear Wheel Speed 
Sensor Circuit or Sensor  Ring ........................ 4E-18
DTC C1041 / C1045 / C1051 / C1055, DTC  C1042 / C1046 / C1052 / C1056: Right-Front 
/ Left-Front / Right-Rear / Left-Rear Inlet 
Solenoid Circuit, Right-Front / Left-Front / 
Right-Rear / Left-Rear Outlet Solenoid 
Circuit .............................................................. 4E-20
DTC C1057: Power Source  Circuit ................... 4E-21
DTC C1061: ABS Pump Motor and/or Motor  Driver Circuit ................................................... 4E-22
DTC C1063: Solenoid Valve Power Supply  Driver Circuit ................................................... 4E-23
DTC C1071: ABS Control Module..................... 4E-24 DTC U1073: Control Module Communication 
Bus Off ............................................................ 4E-25
DTC U1100: Lost Communication with ECM  (Reception Error)............................................. 4E-27
Repair Instructions ............ ................................ 4E-28
ABS Hydraulic Unit Operati on Check................ 4E-28
ABS Hydraulic Unit  / Control Module 
Assembly Components ...... ............................. 4E-29
ABS Hydraulic Unit  / Control Module 
Assembly On-Vehicle Inspection .................... 4E-29
ABS Hydraulic Unit  / Control Module 
Assembly Removal and Inst allation ................ 4E-29
Front / Rear Wheel Speed Sensor On-Vehicle  Inspection ........................................................ 4E-31
Front Wheel Speed Sensor Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4E-32
Front Wheel Speed Sensor  Inspection ............. 4E-32
Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4E-33
Rear Wheel Speed Sensor  Inspection .............. 4E-34
Front Wheel Encoder On-Veh icle Inspection .... 4E-34
Front wheel Enco der Removal and 
Installation ....................................................... 4E-34
Rear Wheel Encoder On-Veh icle Inspection..... 4E-34
Rear Wheel Encoder Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4E-34
Specifications ..................... ................................ 4E-35
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 4E-35
Special Tools and Equipmen t ........................... 4E-35
Special Tool ...................................................... 4E-35
Electronic Stability Prog ram ...................4F-1
Precautions ........................................................... 4F-1
Precautions in Diagnosing Troubles ................... 4F-1
Precautions in On-Vehicle Service...................... 4F-1
Precautions in Hydraulic Unit Operation Check ................................................................ 4F-1
Precautions in Sensor Calibration ....................... 4F-1
Precautions in Speedometer Test or Other  Tests ................................................................. 4F-2
General Description ............................................. 4F-2 Electronic Stability Program Description ............. 4F-2
Electronic Stability Program  Construction ........... 4F-3
ESP®  Hydraulic Unit / Control Module 
Assembly Description........................................ 4F-5
Warning Lamp, Indicator Lamp Description ........ 4F-6
CAN Communication System Description........... 4F-6
CAN Communication System For Electronic  Stability Program Description ............................ 4F-7
Schematic and Routing Diagram ........................ 4F-8 Electronic Stability Program Schematic .............. 4F-8
Electronic Stability Program Wiring Circuit Diagram............................................................. 4F-9
Component Location ............ ............................. 4F-11
Electronic Stability  Program Component 
Location........................................................... 4F-11
Diagnostic Information and Procedures .......... 4F-12 Electronic Stability Program  System Check ...... 4F-12
ESP®  Warning lamp Check .............................. 4F-14  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Table of Contents 4-iii
ABS Warning Lamp Check ............................... 4F-14
EBD Warning Lamp (Brake Warning Lamp)  Check .............................................................. 4F-15
DTC Check ....................................................... 4F-15
DTC Table ......................................................... 4F-15
DTC Clearance ................................................. 4F-18
Fail-Safe Table ................ .................................. 4F-19
Scan Tool Data ................................................. 4F-20
Visual Inspection ............................................... 4F-21
ESP ® Warning Lamp Does Not Come ON at 
Ignition Switch ON .......................................... 4F-21
ESP ® Warning Lamp Comes ON Steady......... 4F-22
ABS Warning Lamp Does Not Come ON at  Ignition Switch ON .......................................... 4F-23
ABS Warning Lamp Comes  ON Steady............ 4F-24
EBD Warning Lamp (Brake Warning Lamp)  Comes ON Steady .......................................... 4F-24
Serial Data Link Circuit Check .......................... 4F-26
DTC C1016: Stop Lamp Swit ch Circuit Failure .. 4F-28
DTC C1017 / C1023: Yaw Rate / G Sensor  Assembly Failure ............................................ 4F-29
DTC C1018: Brake Fluid Le vel Switch Failure .. 4F-30
DTC 1020: Master Cylinder Pressure Sensor  Power Supply Failure ...................................... 4F-31
DTC C1021, C1022 / C1025, C1026 / C1031,  C1032 / C1035, C1036: Wheel Speed 
Sensor Circuit or Encode r Failure ................... 4F-32
DTC C1024: Steering  Angle Sensor Circuit 
Failure ............................................................. 4F-34
DTC C1027: ESP ® OFF Switch Circuit 
Failure ............................................................. 4F-34
DTC C1028: Master Cylinder Pressure  Sensor Circuit Failure ....... .............................. 4F-35
DTC C1034: Yaw Rate / G Sensor Assembly  Power Supply Failure ...................................... 4F-36
DTC C1037: Steering Angle Sensor Power  Supply Failure ................................................. 4F-37
DTC C1038: Steering Angle Sensor Detect  Rolling Counter Fa ilure from ESP® Control 
Module ............................................................ 4F-38
DTC C1039: Yaw Rate / G Sensor Assembly  Internal Failure .............. .................................. 4F-39
DTC C1040: Stability Control System  Function Failure .............................................. 4F-39
DTC C1041 / C1042 / C1043 / C1044 / C1045  / C1046 / C1051 / C1052 / C1053 / C1054 / 
C1055 / C1056: Solenoid Circuit Failure ......... 4F-40
DTC C1057: ESP ® Control Module Power 
Supply Circuit Failure .... .................................. 4F-41
DTC C1061: Pump Motor and/or Motor Driver  Circuit Failure .................................................. 4F-42
DTC C1063: Solenoid Valve Power Supply  Driver Circuit Failure ....................................... 4F-43
DTC 1071: ESP ® Control Module Internal 
Defect.............................................................. 4F-44 DTC C1073: Lost Communication With Yaw 
Rate / G Sensor Assembly .............................. 4F-45
DTC C1075 / 1076 / 1078: Sensor Calibration  Incomplete.......................... ............................. 4F-46
DTC C1090: Invalid  Communication with 
ECM ................................................................ 4F-47
DTC C1091 / C1094: ECM Data in CAN Line  Failure / Invalid Torque Control 
Communication with ECM .. ............................. 4F-48
DTC U1073: Control Module Communication  Bus Off ............................................................ 4F-49
DTC U1100: Lost Communication with ECM  (Reception Error)............................................. 4F-50
DTC U1126: Lost Communication with  Steering Angle Sensor (Reception Error)........ 4F-51
DTC U1140: Lost Communication with BCM  (Reception Error)............................................. 4F-52
Repair Instructions ........... ................................. 4F-54
ESP®  Hydraulic Unit Operation Check ............. 4F-54
Sensor Calibration............................................. 4F-54
ESP®  Hydraulic Unit / Control Module 
Assembly On-Vehicle Inspection .................... 4F-55
ESP ® Hydraulic 
 Unit / Control Module 
Assembly Removal and Inst allation ................ 4F-56
Front / Rear Wheel Speed Sensor On-Vehicle  Inspection ........................................................ 4F-57
Front Wheel Speed Sensor Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-58
Front Wheel Speed Sensor  Inspection ............. 4F-59
Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-59
Rear Wheel Speed Sensor  Inspection .............. 4F-60
Front Wheel Encode r On-Vehicle Inspection .... 4F-61
Front Wheel Encoder Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-61
Rear Wheel Encoder On-Veh icle Inspection..... 4F-61
Rear Wheel Encoder Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-61
Master Cylinder Pressure  Sensor On-Vehicle 
Inspection ........................................................ 4F-61
Yaw Rate / G Sensor Assembly On-Vehicle  Inspection ........................................................ 4F-62
Yaw Rate / G Sensor Assembly Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-63
Yaw Rate / G Sensor Inspection ....................... 4F-64
Steering Angle Sensor On-Vehicle Inspection .. 4F-64
Steering Angle Sensor Removal and  Installation ....................................................... 4F-65
Steering Angle Sensor Inspection ..................... 4F-65
ESP®  OFF Switch Removal an d Installation .... 4F-65
ESP®  OFF Switch Inspection ........................... 4F-65
Specifications .................... ................................. 4F-66
Tightening Torque Specifications ...................... 4F-66
Special Tools and Equipmen t ........................... 4F-66
Special Tool ...................................................... 4F-66  

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Brake Control System and Diagnosis:  4A-1
Brakes
Brake Control System and Diagnosis
Precautions
Precautions on BrakeS7RS0B4100001
Air Bag Warning
Refer to “Air Bag System Service Warning in Section 00”.
Brakes Diagnosis Note
Refer to “Brakes Diagnosis Note”.
General Description
Brakes ConstructionS7RS0B4101001
When the foot brake pedal is depressed, hydraulic pressure is developed in the master cylinder to actuate pistons (two 
in front and two in rear).
The master cylinder is a tandem master cylinder. Brake pipes are connected to the master cylinder and they make two 
independent circuits. One connects front right & rear left brakes and the other connects front left & rear right brakes.
In this brake system, the disc brake type is used  for the front wheel brake and the rear wheel brake.
The parking brake system is mechanical. It applies brake  force to only rear wheels by means of the cable and 
mechanical linkage system. The same brake shoes or pads are used for both parking and foot brakes.
A
5
3
2
1
4
8
8
6
7
I6RS0C410001-01
1. Brake booster 4. Primary side 7. Parking brake lever
2. Master cylinder 5. 4 way joint 8. Parking brake cable
3. Secondary side 6. ABS or ESP® hydraulic unit / control module assembly A: Forward