139 Your vehicle and the environment
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
Suggestion 6. Avoid short drives
The engine and the catalytic converter must reach its optimum
functioning temperature in order to effectively reduce consumption
and toxic gas emissions.
The fuel consumption of a cold engine of a normal vehicle right
after the start is about 30-40 liters per 100 km. After about one
kilometer the consumption decreases to 20 liters. After about
f fo
ou
ur
r
kilometers the engine has warmed up and the consumption is
normal. For this reason, it is important to avoid short drives and
heating the vehicle’s engine when the vehicle is not moving. Drive
on quickly!
The ambient temperature also counts. The illustration shows the
difference in consumption (l/100km) for the same distance (km) at
+20°C and –10°C. Your vehicle’s consumption is higher in the
summer than in the winter
⇒fig. 102.K
Suggestion 7. Check the tyre pressure
Make sure that the tyres have always adequate pressure. Even half
a bar less increases the level of fuel consumption by 5 percent. If
the pressure is not correct, the tyres wear out faster due to an
excessive deformation and overheating which, in turn, will
decrease the driving performance.
Always check the tyre pressure when the tyre is cold.
In addition, do not drive year round with winter tyres. They make
more noise and increase fuel consumption by 10 percent. Change
to summer tyres on time.
K
Suggestion 8. Avoid unnecessary weight
Apart from driving habits and periodic revisions of your vehicle,
there are other ways to reduce fuel consumption:
A Av
vo
oi
id
d uun
nn
ne
ec
ce
es
ss
sa
ar
ry
y wwe
ei
ig
gh
ht
t
Every kilogram increases fuel consumption. For this reason, it is
worth checking your boot to avoid unnecessary weight.
Frequently, the roof rack will stay on the roof even though it is no
longer needed. Due to greater air resistance, an unloaded roof
rack at a speed of 100-120 km/h increases the consumption by
approx. 12%.
K
5+20°C –10°C
15 25km
30
l/100km
B45-356PFig. 102
142Your vehicle and the environment
•In vehicles without air conditioning, the cooling system should
be reinforced if a towing device is fitted at a later stage.
Failure to do so will submit the engine to greater stress (steep
slopes, high temperatures, heavy towing loads, etc.) and result in
overheating of the engine. For more information, contact a
Technical Service Centre.
•When using a trailer on mountain routes you must bear in mind
that the tow loads given in the “Technical data” chapter are only
applicable for slopes of 10% to 12%. If you do not use the full tow
load you may drive up steeper slopes.
•The given trailer weights are only applicable for altitudes up
to 1000 m above sea level. As the engine output drops due to
the decreasing air density, the climbing ability must also be
reduced by 10% for each further 1000 m.
•Where possible make full use of the maximum permissible
drawbar weight on the ball of the towing bracket but do not exceed
it
⇒chapter “Technical Data”.
•While observing the permissible trailer and drawbar weight,
distribute the load in the trailer so that heavy objects are as near
as possible to the axle. The objects must also be secured so that
they cannot slip about.
•The tyre pressures on the towing vehicle must be adjusted for full
load conditions, and also check the pressures on the trailer.
•Headlight settings should be checked, with the trailer attached,
before beginning the journey and adjusted as necessary.
On vehicles with headlight beam control it is only necessary to turn
the knurled disc on the dash board in the appropriate direction.D Dr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g iin
ns
st
tr
ru
uc
ct
ti
io
on
ns
s
To obtain the best possible handling of vehicle and trailer, the
following should be noted:
• Try to avoid driving with an unladen vehicle and a loaded trailer.
If this cannot be avoided, only drive slowly to allow for the
unfavourable weight distribution.
• As driving stability of vehicle and trailer decreaseswhen the
speed increases do not drive at the maximum permissible top
speed in unfavourable road, weather or wind conditions –
particularly when going downhill.
In any case the speed must be reduced as soon as the trailer
shows the slightest sign of snaking. On no account try to stop the
snaking by accelerating.
• • FFo
or
r ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y rre
ea
as
so
on
ns
s oon
ne
e ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d nno
ot
t ddr
ri
iv
ve
e ffa
as
st
te
er
r tth
ha
an
n 880
0 kkm
m/
/h
h
( (5
50
0 mmp
ph
h)
).
. TTh
hi
is
s aal
ls
so
o aap
pp
pl
li
ie
es
s iin
n cco
ou
un
nt
tr
ri
ie
es
s wwh
he
er
re
e hhi
ig
gh
he
er
r ssp
pe
ee
ed
ds
s aar
re
e
p pe
er
rm
mi
it
tt
te
ed
d.
.
• Always brake in good time. If the trailer has an overrun brake,
apply the brakes gently at first then firmly. This will avoid the
jerking caused by the trailer wheels locking.
Change down before going down a steep hill so that the engine
can act as a brake.
• When a long climb in a low gear with extremely high engine revs
must be negotiated at exceptionally high ambient temperatures
the coolant temperature gauge must be observed. When the gauge
needle moves to the right end of the scale, the road speed must be
reduced immediately.
• The cooling effect of the radiator fan cannot be increased by
changing down, because the speed of the fan is not dependent on
175 If and when
Safety FirstControls and equipment Tips and Maintenance Technical Data
The spare tire is located under the boot floor covering. It is secured
on the bottom with a plastic wheel
⇒fig. 132.
•To keep the spare tire always in perfect condition, it is advisable
to regularly check the tire pressure (preferably together with the
other tires, see inside the tank flap).
K
W Wh
he
ee
el
ls
s
General notes
• New tyres do not give maximum grip straight away and should
therefore be run in at moderate speeds and a careful style of
driving for about the first 100 km. This will help to make the tyres
last longer.
• The tread depth of new tyres can vary due to construction and
design features, and depending on version and manufactures.
• Check tyres for damage from time to time (cuts, splits, cracks and
lumps) and remove any foreign bodies embedded in the treads.
• To avoid damage to tyres and wheels drive over curbs and similar
obstacles very slowly and as nearly at right angles as possible.• Keep grease, oil and fuel off the tyres.
• Replace missing dust caps assoon as possible.
• Mark wheels before taking them off so that they rotate in the
same direction when put back on again.
• When taken off, the tyres should be stored in a cool, dry and
preferably dark place.
Tyres which are not on wheels should be stored in a vertical
position.
N No
ot
te
e ffo
or
r tty
yr
re
es
s wwh
he
er
re
e tth
he
e ddi
ir
re
ec
ct
ti
io
on
n oof
f rro
ot
ta
at
ti
io
on
n iis
s sst
ti
ip
pu
ul
la
at
te
ed
d
It is imperative that the designated direction of rotation for tyre treads
(which can be determined from the arrow on the side of the tyre) be kept to.
The best tyre performance i.e. in aquaplaning, road adhesion, noise and
wear is then guaranteed.
K
D Da
am
ma
ag
ge
e tto
o wwh
he
ee
el
ls
s aan
nd
d tty
yr
re
es
s iis
s nno
ot
t aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s eea
as
sy
y tto
o sse
ee
e.
. UUn
nu
us
su
ua
al
l vvi
ib
br
ra
at
ti
io
on
ns
s
o or
r aa ppu
ul
ll
li
in
ng
g tto
o oon
ne
e ssi
id
de
e cco
ou
ul
ld
d iin
nd
di
ic
ca
at
te
e tty
yr
re
e dda
am
ma
ag
ge
e.
. IIf
f yyo
ou
u ssu
us
sp
pe
ec
ct
t dda
am
ma
ag
ge
e
t to
o aa tty
yr
re
e,
, iim
mm
me
ed
di
ia
at
te
el
ly
y rre
ed
du
uc
ce
e yyo
ou
ur
r ssp
pe
ee
ed
d.
. VVi
is
su
ua
al
ll
ly
y cch
he
ec
ck
k aal
ll
l tty
yr
re
es
s ffo
or
r
d da
am
ma
ag
ge
e ((b
bu
ul
lg
ge
es
s,
, tte
ea
ar
rs
s eet
tc
c.
.)
).
. IIf
f nno
o eex
xt
te
er
rn
na
al
l dda
am
ma
ag
ge
e cca
an
n bbe
e sse
ee
en
n,
, ddr
ri
iv
ve
e
c ca
ar
re
ef
fu
ul
ll
ly
y tto
o tth
he
e nne
ea
ar
re
es
st
t TTe
ec
ch
hn
ni
ic
ca
al
l SSe
er
rv
vi
ic
ce
e CCe
en
nt
tr
re
e aan
nd
d hha
av
ve
e tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e
c ch
he
ec
ck
ke
ed
d oov
ve
er
r.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
176If and when
Tyre life
Tyre life depends to a considerable extent on the following
factors:
I In
nf
fl
la
at
ti
io
on
n ppr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
e
The inflation pressures are to be found inside the fuel lid.
The inflation pressure is very important particularly at high speeds.
Therefore, the pressures should be checked at least once a
month and before every long journey.
At this opportunity do not forget the spare wheel:
• The spare wheel with normal tyre should always be inflated to
the highest pressure required on the vehicle.• Always check the pressures when the tyres are cold. When warm,
the pressure is higher but do not reduce. If the load changes a
great deal the pressure must be altered to suit.
On vehicles with wheel hub caps, valve extensions are fitted. It is
not necessary to remove the valve extension piece in order to test
and correct the inflation pressure.
P Pr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
es
s wwh
hi
ic
ch
h aar
re
e tto
oo
o hhi
ig
gh
h oor
r tto
oo
o llo
ow
w ssh
ho
or
rt
te
en
n tty
yr
re
e lli
if
fe
e –– qqu
ui
it
te
e
a ap
pa
ar
rt
t ffr
ro
om
m tth
he
e dde
et
tr
ri
im
me
en
nt
ta
al
l iin
nf
fl
lu
ue
en
nc
ce
e oon
n vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e hha
an
nd
dl
li
in
ng
g.
.
F Fo
or
r tth
he
e ssa
ak
ke
e oof
f tth
he
e een
nv
vi
ir
ro
on
nm
me
en
nt
t
A pressure which is too low increases the fuel consumption and this
burdens the environment unnecessarily.
M Mo
od
de
e oof
f ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g
Fast cornering, hard acceleration and violent braking also increase
tyre wear.
B Ba
al
la
an
nc
ci
in
ng
g wwh
he
ee
el
ls
s
The wheels on new vehicles are balanced. However when the
vehicle is running various influences can cause the wheels to
become unbalanced and this causes steering vibration.
B1H-085Fig. 133
A At
t cco
on
nt
ti
in
nu
uo
ou
us
s hhi
ig
gh
h ssp
pe
ee
ed
ds
s aa tty
yr
re
e iin
n wwh
hi
ic
ch
h tth
he
e ppr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
e iis
s tto
oo
o llo
ow
w ffl
le
ex
xe
es
s
m mo
or
re
e aan
nd
d hhe
ea
at
ts
s uup
p eex
xc
ce
es
ss
si
iv
ve
el
ly
y.
. TTh
hi
is
s cca
an
n cca
au
us
se
e ttr
re
ea
ad
d sse
ep
pa
ar
ra
at
ti
io
on
n aan
nd
d tty
yr
re
e
b bl
lo
ow
w oou
ut
t.
.
W
WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
208General notes
Weights
N
No
ot
te
e
These weights are valid for European Union vehicles. Vehicles for other
countries may have other weights. At all times it should be taken into
account that the data given with the official vehicle document prevails.
Tyre pressure
The pressure values given here are for cold tyres – do not reduce
the high pressure of warm tyres.
To w l o a d s
S Su
up
pp
po
or
rt
t llo
oa
ad
ds
s
The
m ma
ax
xi
im
mu
um
m authorised load on the ball bar of the ball joint of
the towing system is 50 kg.
The minimum support load must be 4% of the real tow load.
However it need not be more than 25 kg. You should use the full
authorised load available to you.
N No
ot
te
e
These weights are valid for European Union vehicles. Vehicles for other
countries may take other weights. At all times it should be taken into
account that the data given with the official vehicle documents prevails.
•F Fo
or
r ssa
af
fe
et
ty
y rre
ea
as
so
on
ns
s,
, ddo
o nno
ot
t ddr
ri
iv
ve
e aab
bo
ov
ve
e 880
0k
km
m/
/h
h,
, nno
ot
t eev
ve
en
n iin
n tth
ho
os
se
e
c co
ou
un
nt
tr
ri
ie
es
sw
wh
he
er
re
e ttr
ra
av
ve
el
ll
li
in
ng
g aat
t aa ggr
re
ea
at
te
er
r ssp
pe
ee
ed
d iis
s ppe
er
rm
mi
it
tt
te
ed
d.
.
•Due to special versions of certain models and optional extras such asair
conditioning, sliding/tilting roof, tow bar and other added features, the free
standing weight increases, meaning that the load size is correspondingly re-
duced.
K
• T Th
he
e mma
ax
xi
im
mu
um
m aau
ut
th
ho
or
ri
iz
ze
ed
d llo
oa
ad
d aan
nd
d tth
he
e llo
oa
ad
d oon
n tth
he
e aax
xl
le
e mmu
us
st
t nne
ev
ve
er
r bbe
e
e ex
xc
ce
ee
ed
de
ed
d.
. SSe
ee
e tth
he
e tta
ab
bl
le
es
s oon
n tth
he
e ffo
ol
ll
lo
ow
wi
in
ng
g ppa
ag
ge
es
s.
.
• I
It
t mmu
us
st
t bbe
e rre
em
me
em
mb
be
er
re
ed
d tth
ha
at
t wwh
he
en
n ttr
ra
an
ns
sp
po
or
rt
ti
in
ng
g hhe
ea
av
vy
y oob
bj
je
ec
ct
ts
s,
, tth
he
e cce
en
nt
tr
re
e
o of
f ggr
ra
av
vi
it
ty
y iis
s ddi
is
sp
pl
la
ac
ce
ed
d.
. FFo
or
r tth
hi
is
s rre
ea
as
so
on
n,
, ssp
pe
ee
ed
d aan
nd
d ddr
ri
iv
vi
in
ng
g ssh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d bbe
e
a ad
dj
ju
us
st
te
ed
d aac
cc
co
or
rd
di
in
ng
gl
ly
y.
.
• W
Wh
he
en
n llo
oa
ad
di
in
ng
g llu
ug
gg
ga
ag
ge
e aal
lw
wa
ay
ys
s een
ns
su
ur
re
e tth
ha
at
t nno
o llo
oo
os
se
e oob
bj
je
ec
ct
ts
s wwi
il
ll
l ffl
ly
y
t to
ow
wa
ar
rd
ds
s tth
he
e ffr
ro
on
nt
t oof
f tth
he
e vve
eh
hi
ic
cl
le
e iin
n tth
he
e eev
ve
en
nt
t oof
f ssh
ha
ar
rp
p bbr
ra
ak
ki
in
ng
g.
. IIf
f nne
ec
ce
es
ss
sa
ar
ry
y
u us
se
e tth
he
e lla
as
sh
hi
in
ng
g rri
in
ng
gs
s*
* ppr
ro
ov
vi
id
de
ed
d.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
T Ty
yr
re
e ppr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
e iis
s oof
f ggr
re
ea
at
t iim
mp
po
or
rt
ta
an
nc
ce
e,
, ppa
ar
rt
ti
ic
cu
ul
la
ar
rl
ly
y aat
t hhi
ig
gh
h ssp
pe
ee
ed
ds
s,
, aan
nd
d
s sh
ho
ou
ul
ld
d bbe
e cch
he
ec
ck
ke
ed
d aat
t lle
ea
as
st
t oon
nc
ce
e aa mmo
on
nt
th
h.
.
K
W WA
AR
RN
NI
IN
NG
G
234Technical data
T
Te
ec
ch
hn
ni
ic
ca
al
l dda
at
ta
a
Measurements and capacities
Length/Width4280 mm, 1698 mm
Height at free standing weight1447 mm
Front and rear overhang831 mm / 839 mm
Wheel base2460 mm
Turning ratio10.54 m
F
Fr
ro
on
nt
tR
Re
ea
ar
r
Wheel gaugea)1435 mm 1424 mm
1419 mm 1408 mm
M Me
ea
as
su
ur
re
em
me
en
nt
ts
s
Fuel tank45 l. Reserve 7 l.
Windscreen/Headlight washer tank 2 l./4.5 l.
C
Ca
ap
pa
ac
ci
it
ti
ie
es
s
a)This data may vary depending on the type of alloy.
K
S
Su
um
mm
me
er
r tty
yr
re
es
s:
:
Tyre pressure is shown on the adhesive on the inside of the fuel cap.
W Wi
in
nt
te
er
r tty
yr
re
es
s:
:
The pressure of these tyres is identical to summer tyres. Just add 0.2 bars.
T
Ty
yr
re
e ppr
re
es
ss
su
ur
re
es
s
239 General index
Topping up engine oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160
Tow loads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Tow start/towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
Traction Control System (TCS)* . 51, 77, 131, 134
Trailer indicators* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Trailer towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Trolley jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Turn signal bulb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Tyre life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Tyre pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
U
U
Undercoating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .154
Up to 1,000 kilometres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Upholstery cloth and textile trim . . . . . . . . . . 152
Using air conditioner economically . . . . . . . . 108
Using the handbrake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
V V
Valid for all versions with catalytic
converter* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Vehicle hoist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Vehicle identification data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Vehicle tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Vents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112
Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Volumetric sensor* . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64
W W
Warning lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Warnings on handling the battery . . . . . . . . . 165
Washing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Washing the vehicle by hand . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Washing vehicle with high pressure cleaner . 150Ways to secure a child seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
What can have a negative effect on the
brakes? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
What do you need to bear in mind when
towing a trailer? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Wheel bolts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Wheel trims . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
When are the Air Bags activated? . . . . . . . . . 19
Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Windscreen washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80, 169
Winter tyres . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Wiper blades . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Y
Y
Your vehicle and the environment . . . . . . . . . 135