2005 NISSAN X-TRAIL power steering fluid

PS-1
POWER STEERING SYSTEM
G STEERING
CONTENTS
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SECTION PS
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POWER STEERING SYSTEM
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 3
Precautions for Supplemental Restraint System
(SRS) “AIR BAG” and “SEAT BELT PRE-TEN-
SIONER” .................................................................. 3
Precautions for Steering System .............................. 3
PREPARATION ........................................................... 4
Special Service Tools [SST] ..................................... 4
NOISE, VIBRATION AND HARSHNESS (NVH)
TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................ 5
NVH Trouble shooting Chart .................................... 5
POWER STEERING FLUID ........................................ 6
Checking Fluid Level ................................................ 6
Checking Fluid Leakage ........................................... 6
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System ................................. 6
STEERING WHEEL .................................................... 8
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service .......................... 8
CHECKING CONDITION OF INSTALLATION ...... 8
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL PLAY ................ 8
CHECKING NEUTRAL POSITION STEERING
WHEEL ................................................................. 8
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL TURNING
FORCE .................................................................. 8
CHECKING FRONT WHEEL TURNING ANGLE ..... 9
Removal and Installation ........................................ 10
REMOVAL ........................................................... 10
INSTALLATION ................................................... 10
STEERING COLUMN ................................................11
Removal and Installation ......................................... 11
COMPONENT ...................................................... 11
REMOVAL OF LOWER SHAFT, HOLE COVER,
CLAMP AND HOLE COVER SEAL ..................... 11
INSTALLATION OF LOWER SHAFT, HOLE
COVER, CLAMP AND HOLE COVER SEAL ...... 12
REMOVAL OF STEERING COLUMN ASSEM-
BLY ...................................................................... 12
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 13
INSTALLATION OF STEERING COLUMN
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 13INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 13
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 14
COMPONENT ..................................................... 14
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 14
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 14
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 14
INSPECTION AFTER ASSEMBLY ...................... 15
POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE ............ 16
Removal and Installation ........................................ 16
COMPONENT ..................................................... 16
REMOVAL ........................................................... 16
INSTALLATION ................................................... 17
Disassembly and Assembly .................................... 18
COMPONENT ..................................................... 18
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 19
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 20
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 22
POWER STEERING OIL PUMP ............................... 27
On-Vehicle Inspection and Service ......................... 27
OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE
INSPECTION ...................................................... 27
Removal and Installation (QR20DE and QR25DE
Engine Models) ....................................................... 27
REMOVAL ........................................................... 27
INSTALLATION ................................................... 27
Disassembly and Assembly(QR20DE and
QR25DE Engine Models) ....................................... 28
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 28
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 28
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 29
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 29
Removal and Installation (YD22DDTi Engine
Model) ..................................................................... 32
Disassembly and Assembly (YD22DDTi Engine
Model) ..................................................................... 33
INSPECTION BEFORE DISASSEMBLY ............. 33
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 34
INSPECTION AFTER DISASSEMBLY ................ 35
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 35

PS-6
POWER STEERING FLUID

POWER STEERING FLUIDPFP:KLF20
Checking Fluid LevelEGS001BV

Check fluid level with engine stopped.

Make sure that fluid level is between MIN and MAX.

Fluid levels at HOT and COLD are different. Do not confuse
them.
CAUTION:

The fluid level should not exceed the MAX line. Excessive
fluid will cause fluid leakage from the cap.

Do not reuse drained power steering fluid.

Recommended fluid is Type DEXRONTM III or equivalent.
Checking Fluid LeakageEGS001BW
Check hydraulic connections for fluid leakage, cracks, damage,
looseness, or wear.
1. Run engine until the fluid temperature reaches 50 to 80° C (122
to 176°F) in reservoir tank, and keep engine speed idle.
2. Turn steering wheel several times from full left stop to full right
stop.
3. Hold steering wheel at each lock position for five seconds and
carefully, check for fluid leakage.
CAUTION:
Do not hold the steering wheel in a locked position for more
than 10 seconds. (There is the possibility that oil pump may
be damaged.)
4. If fluid leakage at connections is noticed, then loosen flare nut and then retighten. Do not overtighten con-
nector as this can damage O-ring, washer and connector.
5. If fluid leakage from oil pump is noticed, check oil pump. Refer to PS-27, "
POWER STEERING OIL
PUMP" .
6. Check steering gear boots for accumulation of fluid indicating from steering gear.
Air Bleeding Hydraulic SystemEGS001BX
If air bleeding is not complete, the following symptoms can be observed.

Bubbles are created in reservoir tank.

Clicking noise can be heard from oil pump.

Excessive buzzing in the oil pump.
NOTE:
Fluid noise may occur in the steering gear or oil pump. This does not affect performance or durability of
the system.
1. Turn steering wheel several times from full left stop to full right stop with engine off.
CAUTION:
Turn steering wheel while filling reservoir tank with fluid so as not to lower fluid level below the
MIN line.
2. Start engine and hold steering wheel at each lock position for 3 seconds at idle to check for fluid leakage.
3. Repeat step 2 above several times at approximately 3 second intervals.
CAUTION:
Do not hold the steering wheel in a locked position for more than 10 seconds. (There is the possi-
bility that oil pump may be damaged.)
4. Check fluid for bubbles and while contamination.HOT : Fluid temperature 50 - 80 °C (122 - 176°F)
COLD : Fluid temperature 0 - 30°C (32 - 86°F)
SGIA0232J
SGIA0506E

POWER STEERING FLUID
PS-7
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5. Stop engine if bubbles and white contamination do not drain out. Perform steps 2 and 3 above after wait-
ing until bubbles and white contamination drain out.
6. Stop the engine, and then check fluid level.

PS-8
STEERING WHEEL

STEERING WHEELPFP:48430
On-Vehicle Inspection and ServiceEGS001BY
CHECKING CONDITION OF INSTALLATION

Check installation conditions of steering gear assembly, front suspension, axle and steering column.

Check if movement exists when steering wheel is moved up and down, to the left and right and to the axial
direction.

Check steering gear assembly mounting bolts and nut for looseness. Refer to PS-16, "COMPONENT" .
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL PLAY

Turn steering wheel so that front wheels come to the straight-ahead position. Start engine and lightly turn
steering wheel to the left and right until front wheels start to move. Measure steering wheel movement on
the outer circumference.

When the measurement value is outside the standard value, check backlash for each joint of steering col-
umn and installation condition of steering gear assembly.
CHECKING NEUTRAL POSITION STEERING WHEEL

Make sure that steering gear assembly, steering column and steering wheel are installed in the correct
position.

Perform neutral position inspection after wheel alignment. Refer to FSU-6, "Wheel Alignment" .

Set vehicle to the straight-ahead position and confirm steering wheel is in the neutral position.

Loosen outer socket lock nut and turn inner socket to left and right equally to make fine adjustments if
steering wheel is not in the neutral position.
CHECKING STEERING WHEEL TURNING FORCE
1. Park vehicle on a level and dry surface, set parking brake.
2. Start engine.
3. Bring power steering fluid up to adequate operating temperature. [Make sure temperature of fluid is
approximately 50 to 80°C (122 to 176°F).]
4. Check steering wheel turning force when steering wheel has
been turned 360° from neutral position.
NOTE:

Multiply the distance (L) from the hook of spring scale to the
center of steering wheel by the measurement value with a
spring scale.

Perform the following manner when the guideline value is
hard to be measured.
a. Park vehicle on a level and dry surface, set parking brake.
b. Remove driver air bag module. Refer to SRS-30, "
DRIVER AIR BAG MODULE" .
c. Start engine at idle, then check steering wheel turning force with
pre-load gauge [SST].
5. If steering wheel turning force is out of the specification, check
rack sliding force and relief hydraulic pressure of oil pump.
Regarding relief hydraulic pressure of oil pump, refer to PS-27,
"OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE INSPECTION" .
a. Disconnect lower shaft and steering knuckle from steering gear
assembly. Refer to FAX-7, "
Removal and Installation" , PS-11,
"COMPONENT" . Steering wheel axial end play : 0 mm (0 in)
Steering wheel play : 0 - 35 mm (0 - 1.38 in)
Steering wheel
turning force: 36 N (3.7 kg, 8.2 lb) or less
Steering wheel
turning force: 706 N·cm (72 kg-cm, 62 in-lb)
SST491B
SGIA1050J

POWER STEERING GEAR AND LINKAGE
PS-17
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6. Remove steering outer socket from steering knuckle so as not to
damage ball joint boot using the ball joint remover (suitable tool).
CAUTION:
Temporarily tighten the nut to prevent damage to threads
and to prevent the ball joint remover (suitable tool) from
suddenly coming off.
7. Remove high-pressure piping and low-pressure hose of hydrau-
lic piping, and then drain power steering fluid. Refer to PS-37,
"HYDRAULIC LINE" .
8. Remove the power steering tube bracket mounting bolts and
nuts, and then remove power steering tube bracket from steer-
ing gear assembly.
9. Tilt steering gear assembly to prevent any contact with other
parts and then remove it from right side of vehicle.
INSTALLATION
Installation in the reverse order of the removal. For tightening torque, refer to PS-16, "COMPONENT" .

When installing lower shaft to steering gear, follow the procedure listed below.
–Set rack of steering gear in the neutral position.
NOTE:
To get the neutral position of rack, turn gear sub assembly and measure the distance of inner socket, and
then measure the intermediate position of the distance.
–Align rear cover cap projection with the projection of gear sub assembly.
–Align slit part of lower shaft with the projection of rear cover cap.
And then install it onto rear cover cap of steering gear assembly.
Make sure that the slit part of lower shaft is aligned with both the
projection of rear cover cap and the marking position of gear sub
assembly.
–After installation, bleed air from the steering hydraulic system.
Refer to PS-6, "
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" .
–Perform final tightening of nuts and bolts on each part under
unladen conditions with tyres on level ground when removing
steering gear assembly. Check wheel alignment. Refer to FSU-
6, "Wheel Alignment" .
–Adjust neutral position of steering angle sensor after checking
wheel alignment. Refer to BRC-52, "
Adjustment of Steering Angle Sensor Neutral Position" .
SGIA1164E
SGIA0912E
SGIA0910E

POWER STEERING OIL PUMP
PS-27
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POWER STEERING OIL PUMPPFP:49110
On-Vehicle Inspection and ServiceEGS000AF
OIL PUMP PULLEY HYDRAULIC PRESSURE INSPECTION
Before starting following procedure, check tension of belt.
1. Raise vehicle. Connect oil pressure gauge between oil pump
discharge connector and high pressure hose. Then bleed the
hydraulic circuit.
2. Start engine. Run engine until oil temperature reaches 50°C -
80°C (122 - 176°F).
CAUTION:

Leave valve of hydraulic pressure gauge fully open while
starting and running engine. If engine is started with
valve closed, hydraulic pressure in oil pump goes up.
This will relief pressure along with abnormal increase of
oil temperature.

Care must be taken to keep hose clear of belt and other parts when engine is started.
3. Fully close hydraulic pressure gauge valve with engine at idle. Measure relief pressure.
4. After measurement, open valve slowly.
CAUTION:
Never keep valve closed for 10 seconds or longer.

If relief pressure is outside specification, disassemble and service oil pump. Refer to PS-28, "Disas-
sembly and Assembly(QR20DE and QR25DE Engine Models)" , PS-33, "Disassembly and Assembly
(YD22DDTi Engine Model)" .
5. After inspection, remove oil pressure gauge from hydraulic circuit. Add fluid. Be sure to bleed the system
completely. Refer to PS-6, "
Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" .
Removal and Installation (QR20DE and QR25DE Engine Models)EGS000AG
REMOVAL
1. Loosen adjusting screw and oil pump mounting bolt. Then, remove belt.
2. Remove union bolt and hose for oil pump.
3. Remove oil pump bracket attaching bolt.
4. Remove oil pump from vehicle.
INSTALLATION
Paying attention to following items, install in the reverse order of removal.

After installation, adjust belt tension. Refer to EM-13, "DRIVE BELTS" .

After installation, be sure to bleed system. Refer to PS-6, "Air Bleeding Hydraulic System" . Relief oil pressure
Except YD22DDTi models
: 8,000 - 8,800 kPa (81.60 - 89.76 kg/cm
2 , 1,160 - 1,276 psi)
YD22DDTi models
: 8,500 - 9,300 kpa (98 - 104 kg/cm
2 , 1,390 - 1,480 psi)
SST834-H

HARNESS
PG-65
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Wiring Diagram Codes (Cell Codes) EKS0032J
Use the chart below to find out what each wiring diagram code stands for.
Refer to the wiring diagram code in the alphabetical index to find the location (page number) of each wiring
diagram.
Code Section Wiring Diagram Name
1STSIG AT A/T 1st Signal
2NDSIG AT A/T 2nd Signal
3RDSIG AT A/T 3rd Signal
4THSIG AT A/T 4th Signal
4WD TF 4WD Control system
A/C ATC Air Conditioner
ABS BRC Anti-Lock Brake System
APP1PW EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 1 Power Supply
APP2PW EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor 2 Power Supply
APPS1 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
APPS2 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
APPS3 EC Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
ASC/BS EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Brake Switch
ASC/SW EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Steering Switch
ASCBOF EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Brake Switch
ASCIND EC Automatic Speed Control Device (ASCD) Indicator
AT/IND DI A/T Indicator Lamp
AUDIO AV Audio
BA/FTS AT A/T Fluid Temperature Sensor and TCM Power Supply
BACK/L LT Back-Up Lamp
BOOST EC Turbocharger Boost Sensor
BRK/SW EC Brake Switch
CAN AT CAN Communication Line
CAN EC CAN Communication Line
CAN LAN CAN System
CHARGE SC Charging System
CHIME DI Warning Chime
CIGAR WW Cigarette Lighter
CKPS EC Crankshaft Position Sensor
CLOCK DI Clock
CMPS EC Camshaft Position Sensor
COOL/F EC Cooling Fan Control
D/LOCK BL Power Door Lock
DEF GW Rear Window Defogger
DTRL LT Headlamp - With Daytime Light System
ECM/PW EC ECM Power Supply for Back-Up
ECMRLY EC ECM Relay
ECTS EC Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
EGRVLV EC EGR Volume Control Valve
EGVC/V EC EGR Volume Control Valve
ENGSS AT Engine Speed Signal

MA-2 Changing Fuel Filter ............................................... 34
REMOVAL ........................................................... 34
INSTALLATION .................................................... 35
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 35
Changing Air Cleaner Filter .................................... 35
VISCOUS PAPER TYPE ..................................... 35
Changing Engine Oil ............................................... 35
Changing Oil Filter (TYPE A) .................................. 36
REMOVAL ........................................................... 36
INSTALLATION .................................................... 36
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 36
Changing Oil Filter (TYPE B) .................................. 37
REMOVAL ........................................................... 37
INSTALLATION .................................................... 38
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 38
Draining Water ........................................................ 38
CHASSIS AND BODY MAINTENANCE ................... 39
Checking Exhaust System ...................................... 39
Checking Clutch Fluid Level and Leaks ................. 39
Checking Clutch System ........................................ 39
Checking M/T Oil .................................................... 39
Changing M/T Oil .................................................... 40
Checking A/T Fluid ................................................. 40
Changing A/T Fluid ................................................. 41
Checking Transfer Oil ............................................. 41
Changing Transfer Oil ............................................. 42
Checking Propeller Shaft ........................................ 42
Checking Differential Gear Oil ................................ 43
Changing Differential Gear Oil ................................ 43
Balancing Wheels ................................................... 43
Rotation .................................................................. 43Checking Brake Fluid Level and Leaks ................... 44
Checking Brake Lines and Cables .......................... 44
Changing Brake Fluid ............................................. 44
Checking Disc Brake ............................................... 44
ROTOR ................................................................ 44
CALIPER .............................................................. 45
PAD ...................................................................... 45
Checking Steering Gear and Linkage ..................... 45
STEERING GEAR ............................................... 45
STEERING LINKAGE .......................................... 45
Checking Power Steering Fluid and Lines .............. 45
Axle and Suspension Parts ..................................... 46
Drive Shaft .............................................................. 46
Lubricating Locks, Hinges and Hood Latches ......... 46
Checking Seat Belts, Buckles, Retractors, Anchors
and Adjusters .......................................................... 47
Checking Body Corrosion ....................................... 48
HEMMED PANELS .............................................. 48
PANEL JOINT ...................................................... 48
PANEL EDGE ...................................................... 48
PARTS CONTACT ............................................... 48
PROTECTORS .................................................... 48
ANTI-CORROSION MATERIALS ........................ 48
DRAIN HOLES ..................................................... 48
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 49
Standard and Limit .................................................. 49
BELT DEFLECTION AND TENSION ................... 49
RADIATOR ........................................................... 49
ENGINE COOLANT CAPACITY .......................... 49
ENGINE OIL CAPACITY (APPROXIMATE) ........ 49
SPARK PLUG ...................................................... 49