2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL coolant reservoir

CO-10
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ENGINE COOLANT

4. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration. If contaminated,
flush the engine cooling system. Refer to CO-10, "
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, and radiator drain plug.
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean radiator drain plug and install with new O-ring.

If water drain plug on cylinder block is removed, close and tighten it. Refer to EM-82, "CYLINDER
BLOCK" .
2. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.

Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck
slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a minute to allow air
in system to escape.

Use Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze Coolant or equivalent
mixed with water (distilled or demineralized). Refer to
MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".
3. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature with radiator cap installed.
4. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed.

Repeat two or three times.
CAUTION:
Watch water temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine.
5. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately 50°C (122°F).

Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.

If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
6. Refill reservoir tank to “MAX” level line with engine coolant.
7. Repeat steps 2 through 5 two or more times with radiator cap installed until engine coolant level no longer
drops.
8. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
9. Warm up engine, and check for sound of engine coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000
rpm with heater temperature controller set at several position between “COOL” and “WARM”.

Sound may be noticeable at heater unit.
10. Repeat step 9 three times.
11. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 2 through 5 until engine coolant level
no longer drops.

Clean excess engine coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator and reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
2. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.Engine coolant capacity
(with reservoir tank at “MAX” level)
: Approx. 7.1 (6-1/4 lmp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank capacity (at “MAX” level)
: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
SMA412B

CO-12
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RADIATOR

RADIATORPFP:21400
Removal and InstallationEBS00KOI
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high-pressure
engine coolant escaping from radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter of a
turn to release built-up pressure. Carefully remove radiator cap by turning it all the way.
REMOVAL
1. Remove RH and LH undercovers.
2. Drain engine coolant. Refer to CO-9, "
Changing Engine Coolant" .
CAUTION:

Perform this step when engine is cold.

Do not spill engine coolant on drive belt.
3. Remove air duct (inlet) and air duct assembly. Refer to EM-15, "
AIR CLEANER AND AIR DUCT" .
4. Disconnect harness connector from fan motor, and move it aside.
5. Disconnect radiator hoses (upper and lower).
6. Remove A/T fluid cooler hoses. (A/T models)

Install blind plug to avoid leakage of A/T fluid.
7. Remove radiator mounting brackets.
8. Remove radiator and radiator cooling fan assembly.
CAUTION:
Do not damage or scratch radiator core when removing.
1. Reservoir tank 2. Reservoir tank cap 3. Reservoir tank hose
4. Radiator mounting bracket 5. Mounting rubber (upper) 6. Radiator cap
7. Radiator 8. O-ring 9. Radiator drain plug
10. Mounting rubber (lower) 11. A/T fluid cooler hose 12. Radiator hose (lower)
13. Radiator hose (upper) 14. Bracket 15. Radiator cooling fan assembly
PBIC2251E

CO-24
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SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)

SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS)PFP:00030
Standard and LimitEBS00KOP
CAPACITY
Unit: (lmp qt)
THERMOSTAT
WATER CONTROL VALVE
RADIATOR
Unit: kPa (bar, kg/cm2 , psi)
Tightening TorqueEBS00KOQ
Unit: N·m (kg-m, ft-lb)
Unit: N·m (kg-m, in-lb)*
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank at “MAX” level) Approx. 7.1 (6-1/4)
Reservoir tank0.6 (1/2)
Valve opening temperature 80.5 - 83.5°C (177 - 182°F)
Valve liftMore than 8 mm/ 95°C (0.315 in/ 203°F)
Valve closing temperature More than 77°C (171°F)
Valve opening temperature 93.5 - 96.5°C (200 - 206°F)
Valve lift More than 8 mm/ 108°C (0.315 in/ 226°F)
Valve closing temperature More than 90°C (194°F)
Cap relief pressureStandard 78 - 98 (0.78 - 0.98, 0.8 - 1.0, 11- 14)
Limit 59 (0.59, 0.6, 9)
Leakage test pressure 157 (1.57, 1.6, 23)
Radiator mounting bracket 4.2 (0.43, 37)*
Radiator cooling fan assembly 4.2 (0.43, 37)*
Cooling fan3.43 (0.35, 30)*
Fan motor4.41 (0.45, 39)*
Water pump24.5 (2.5, 18)
Water pump housing28.0 (2.9, 21)
Water pipe28.0 (2.9, 21)
Water inlet28.0 (2.9, 21)
Water control valve housing (water outlet) 28.0 (2.9, 21)
Hater pipe28.0 (2.9, 21)
Engine coolant temperature sensor 24.5 (2.5, 18)

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
CO-27
[YD22DDTi]
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OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSISPFP:00012
Troubleshooting ChartEBS00BAW
Symptom Check items
Cooling sys-
tem parts
malfunctionPoor heat transferWater pump malfunction Worn or loose drive belt
— Thermostat stuck closed —
Damaged finsDust contamination or
paper clogging
Physical damage
Clogged radiator cooling
tubeExcess foreign material
(rust, dirt, sand, etc.)
Reduced air flowCooling fan does not oper-
ateRefer to DTC in EC1217
(cooling system)
— High resistance to fan rota-
tion
Fan assembly
Damaged fan blades
Damaged radiator shroud — — —
Improper engine coolant
mixture ratio—— —
Poor engine coolant quality — Engine coolant density —
Insufficient engine coolantEngine coolant leaksCooling hoseLoose clamp
Cracked hose
Water pump Poor sealing
Radiator capLoose
Poor sealing
RadiatorO-ring for damage, deterio-
ration or improper fitting
Cracked radiator tank
Cracked radiator core
Reservoir tank Cracked reservoir tank
Overflowing reservoir tankExhaust gas leaks into
cooling systemCylinder head deterioration
Cylinder head gasket dete-
rioration

ENGINE COOLANT
CO-31
[YD22DDTi]
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ENGINE COOLANTPFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS00BAY
LEVEL CHECK

Check if the reservoir tank engine coolant level within MIN to
MAX when engine is cool.

Adjust engine coolant level as necessary.
CHECKING RADIATOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS

To check for leaks, apply pressure to the cooling system with the
radiator cap tester (commercial service tool) and the radiator
cap tester adapter (special service tool).
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure engine coolant
escaping from radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher test pressure than specified may cause radiator
damage.
NOTE:
In a case that engine coolant decreases, replenish radiator with engine coolant.

If anything is found, repair or replace damaged parts.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS00BAZ
WARNING:

To avoid being scalded, do not change engine coolant when engine is hot.

Wrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove radiator cap. First, turn radiator cap a quarter
of a turn to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Remove engine undercover.
2. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
NOTE:

Be careful not to allow engine coolant to contact drive
belts.

Cover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
engine coolant.
When draining all engine coolant in the system, also perform the following steps.
SMA412B
Testing pressure:
157 kPa (1.57 bar, 1.6 kg/cm
2 , 23 psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E

CO-32
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE COOLANT

3. Remove air relief plug.
4. Open cylinder block drain plug. Refer to EM-212, "
CYLINDER BLOCK" .
5. Remove reservoir tank, drain engine coolant, then clean reservoir tank.
6. Check drained engine coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer to CO-33, "
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM" .
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, and radiator drain plug.
CAUTION:
Be sure to clean radiator drain plug and install with new O-ring.

If water drain plug on cylinder block is removed, close and tighten it. Refer to EM-212, "CYLIN-
DER BLOCK" .
2. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to the specified level.

Pour engine coolant through engine coolant filler neck
slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a minute to allow air
in system to escape.

Use Genuine Nissan Anti-freeze Coolant or equivalent
mixed with water (distilled or demineralized). Refer to
MA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".

When engine coolant overflows air relief hole, install air relief
plug with new copper washer.
3. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radiator cap installed.

If engine coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install radiator cap.
4. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed with radiator cap installed.

Repeat two or three times.
CAUTION:
Watch engine coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine.
5. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately 50°C(122°F).

Cool down using a fan to reduce the time.

If necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with engine coolant.
6. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with engine coolant.
SBIA0130E
Engine coolant capacity
(with reservoir tank at “MAX” level)
: Approx. 9.5 (8-3/8 lmp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank capacity (at “MAX” level)
: 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt)
Air relief plug:
: 6.9 - 7.8 N·m (0.7 - 0.8 kg-m, 61 - 69 in-lb)
SMA412B

ENGINE COOLANT
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7. Repeat steps 2 through 5 two or more times with radiator cap installed until engine coolant level no longer
drops.
8. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
9. Warm up engine, and check for sound of engine coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000
rpm with heater temperature controller set at several position between COOL and WARM.

Sound may be noticeable at heater unit.
10. Repeat step 9 three times.
11. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 2 through 5 until engine coolant level
no longer drops.

Clean excess engine coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator with water until water spills from the air relief hole, then close air relief plug. Fill radiator and
reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
2. Run engine and warm it up to normal operating temperature.
3. Rev engine two or three times under no-load.
4. Stop engine and wait until it cools down.
5. Drain water from the system. Refer to CO-31, "
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 until clear water begins to drain from radiator.

CO-34
[YD22DDTi]
RADIATOR

RADIATORPFP:21400
Removal and InstallationEBS00BB0
WARNING:
Do not remove radiator cap when engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high-pressure engine
coolant escaping from radiator.
REMOVAL
1. Drain engine coolant from radiator. Refer to CO-31, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT" .
CAUTION:

Perform this step when engine is cold.

Do not spill engine coolant on drive belts.
2. Disconnect radiator hose (upper and lower), reservoir tank hose and radiator mounting bracket.
3. Remove radiator and cooling fan assembly.
CAUTION:
Do not damage or scratch radiator core when removing.
INSTALLATION
Install in the reverse order of removal.
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION

Check for leaks of engine coolant using the radiator cap tester adapter (special service tool:
EG17650301) and the radiator cap tester (commercial service tool). Refer to CO-31, "
CHECKING RADIA-
TOR SYSTEM FOR LEAKS" .

Start and warm up engine. Visually check if there is no leaks of engine coolant.
1. Radiator 2. Radiator mounting bracket 3. Mounting rubber (upper)
4. Radiator cap 5. Mounting rubber (lower) 6. O-ring
7. Drain plug 8. Radiator hose (lower) 9. Cooling fan assembly
10. Reservoir tank bracket 11. Reservoir tank 12. Reservoir tank hose
13. Radiator hose (upper)
PBIC2383E