2003 NISSAN X-TRAIL check engine

CO-1
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM
B ENGINE
CONTENTS
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
SECTION
A
CO
ENGINE COOLING SYSTEM
QR20DE
PRECAUTIONS .......................................................... 3
Precautions For Liquid Gasket ................................. 3
REMOVAL OF LIQUID GASKET .......................... 3
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE..... 3
PREPARATION ........................................................... 4
Special Service Tools ............................................... 4
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS .......................... 5
Troubleshooting Chart .............................................. 5
COOLING SYSTEM .................................................... 7
Cooling Circuit .......................................................... 7
ENGINE COOLANT .................................................... 9
Inspection ................................................................. 9
LEVEL CHECK ..................................................... 9
LEAK CHECK ....................................................... 9
Changing Engine Coolant ........................................ 9
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT ........................... 9
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ........................ 10
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ......................... 10
RADIATOR ................................................................ 12
Removal and Installation ........................................ 12
REMOVAL ........................................................... 12
INSTALLATION ................................................... 12
Disassembly and Assembly Radiator Fan ............. 13
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 13
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 13
INSPECTION ......................................................... 13
CHECKING RADIATOR CAP .............................. 13
CHECKING RADIATOR ...................................... 14
RADIATOR (ALUMINUM TYPE) .............................. 15
Disassembly and Assembly ................................... 15
PREPARATION ................................................... 15
DISASSEMBLY ................................................... 15
ASSEMBLY ......................................................... 16
INSPECTION ...................................................... 18WATER PUMP .......................................................... 19
Removal and Installation ........................................ 19
REMOVAL ........................................................... 19
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 20
INSTALLATION ................................................... 20
INSPECTION AFTER INSTALLATION ................ 20
THERMOSTAT AND WATER CONTROL VALVE .... 21
Removal and Installation ........................................ 21
REMOVAL ........................................................... 21
INSPECTION AFTER REMOVAL ....................... 22
INSTALLATION ................................................... 22
SERVICE DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS (SDS) ...... 23
Capacity .................................................................. 23
Thermostat ............................................................. 23
Water Control Valve ................................................ 23
Radiator .................................................................. 23
Tightening Torque ................................................... 23
YD22DDTi
PRECAUTIONS ........................................................ 24
Precautions For Liquid Gasket ............................... 24
REMOVAL AND LIQUID GASKET ...................... 24
LIQUID GASKET APPLICATION PROCEDURE... 24
PREPARATION ......................................................... 25
Special Service Tools ............................................. 25
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS ........................ 26
Troubleshooting Chart ............................................ 26
COOLING SYSTEM .................................................. 28
Cooling Circuit ........................................................ 28
ENGINE COOLANT .................................................. 30
Inspection ............................................................... 30
LEVEL CHECK .................................................... 30
LEAK CHECK ...................................................... 30
Changing Engine Coolant ....................................... 30
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT .......................... 30
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT ......................... 31
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM ......................... 32
RADIATOR ................................................................ 33
Removal and Installation ........................................ 33

CO-6
[QR20DE]
OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
Except cool-
ing system
parts mal-
function— OverloadonengineAbusive drivingHigh engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
Powertrain system mal-
function
— Installed improper size
wheels and tires
Dragging brakes
Improper ignition timing
Blocked or restricted air
flowBlocked bumper —
— Blocked radiator grilleInstalled car brassiere
Mud contamination or
paper clogging
Blocked radiator —
Blocked condenser
—
Installed large fog lamp Symptom Check items

ENGINE COOLANT
CO-9
[QR20DE]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
CO
ENGINE COOLANTPFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS009SD
LEVEL CHECK
lCheck if the reservoir tank coolant level within MIN to MAX when
engine is cool.
lAdjust coolant if too much or too little.
LEAK CHECK
lTo check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with
atester.
WA RN ING:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from
the radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS009SE
WA RN ING:
lTo avoid being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.
lWrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn
to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
lBe careful not to allow coolant to contact drive belts.
SMA412B
Testing pressure
: 157 kPa (1.57bar 1.6 kg/cm2,23psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E

CO-10
[QR20DE]
ENGINE COOLANT
2. Open drain plugs on cylinder block.
3. Remove reservoir tank and drain coolant.
4. Check drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion
or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer toCO-10,
"FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM".
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain plug and cylinder block drain plug.
Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plug.
lUse Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Fill radiator and reservoir tank to specified level.
lUse genuine Nissan anti-freeze coolant or equivalent mixed
with water (distilled or demineralized).
Refer toMA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRI-
CANTS".
lPour coolant slowly of less than 2 (2-1/8US qt,1-3/4 lmp
qt) a minute to allow air in system to escape.
3. Warm up engine to normal operating temperature without radia-
tor cap installed.
lIf coolant overflows radiator filler hole, install filler cap.
4. Run engine at 3,000 rpm for 10 seconds and return to idle speed
with radiator cap installed.
lRepeat two or three times.
Watch coolant temperature gauge so as not to overheat the engine.
5. Stop engine and cool down to less than approximately 50°C(122°F).
lCool down using a fan to reduce the time.
lIf necessary, refill radiator up to filler neck with coolant.
6. Refill reservoir tank to MAX level line with coolant.
7. Repeat steps 5 through 7 two or more times with radiator cap installed until coolant level no longer drops.
8. Check cooling system for leaks with engine running.
9. Warm up engine, and check for sound of coolant flow while running engine from idle up to 3,000 rpm with
heater temperature controller set at several position between COOL and WARM.
lSound may be noticeable at heater unit.
10. If sound is heard, bleed air from cooling system by repeating steps 5 through 7 until coolant level no
longer drops.
lClean excess coolant from engine.
FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM
1. Fill radiator and reservoir tank with water and reinstall radiator cap.
KBIA0163E
: 7.8 - 11.8 N·m (0.8 -1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb)
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):
Approx. 7.1 (6-1/4 Imp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank:
0.6 (1/2 lmp qt )
SMA412B

CO-12
[QR20DE]
RADIATOR
RADIATOR
PFP:21400
Removal and InstallationEBS009SF
WAR NIN G:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious burns could occur from high pressure
coolant escaping from the radiator. Wrap a thick cloth around the cap. Slowly turn it a quarter turn to
allow built-up pressure to escape. Carefully remove the cap by turning it all the way.
REMOVAL
1. Drain coolant. Refer toCO-9, "DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT".
2. Remove air duct with air cleaner assembly.
3. Remove A/T oil cooler hose.
lInstall blind plug to avoid leakage of A/T fluid.
4. Disconnect radiator upper hose, lower hose and mounting bracket.
5. Remove radiator and radiator fan assembly
CAUTION:
lDo not damage or scratch radiator core when removing.
INSTALLATION
lReinstall any parts removed in reverse order of removal.
lCheck for coolant leaks. Refer toCO-9, "LEAK CHECK".
PBIC0237E
1 Radiator 2 Bracket 3 Mounting rubber
4 A/T oil cooler hose 5 Radiator hose (lower) 6 Radiator fan assembly
7 Reservoir tank 8 Radiator hose (upper) 9 Radiator filler cap

OVERHEATING CAUSE ANALYSIS
CO-27
[YD22DDTi]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
CO
Except cool-
ing system
parts mal-
function— Overload on engineAbusive drivingHigh engine rpm under no
load
Driving in low gear for
extended time
Driving at extremely high
speed
Powertrain system mal-
function
— Installed improper size
wheels and tires
Dragging brakes
Improper ignition timing
Blocked or restricted air
flowBlocked bumper —
— Blocked radiator grilleInstalled car brassiere
Mud contamination or
paper clogging
Blocked radiator —
Blocked condenser
—
Installed large fog lamp Symptom Check items

CO-30
[YD22DDTi]
ENGINE COOLANT
ENGINE COOLANT
PFP:KQ100
InspectionEBS00BAY
LEVEL CHECK
lCheck if the reservoir tank coolant level within MIN to MAX when
engine is cool.
lAdjust coolant if too much or too little.
LEAK CHECK
lTo check for leakage, apply pressure to the cooling system with
atester.
WAR NIN G:
Never remove the radiator cap when the engine is hot. Serious
burns could occur from high pressure coolant escaping from
the radiator.
CAUTION:
Higher pressure than specified may cause radiator damage.
Changing Engine CoolantEBS00BAZ
WAR NIN G:
lTo avoid being scalded, never change the coolant when the engine is hot.
lWrap a thick cloth around cap and carefully remove the cap. First, turn the cap a quarter of a turn
to release built-up pressure. Then turn the cap all the way.
DRAINING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Open radiator drain plug at the bottom of radiator, and remove
radiator cap.
lBe careful not to allow coolant to contact drive belts.
lCover the exhaust tube heat shield to prevent from splashing
coolant.
2. Remove reservoir tank, drain coolant, then clean reservoir tank.
SMA412B
Testing pressure
: 157 kPa (1.57bar 1.6 kg/cm2,23psi)
SLC134B
PBIC0236E

ENGINE COOLANT
CO-31
[YD22DDTi]
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
MA
CO
3. Open drain plugs on cylinder block and air relief plug.
4. Check drained coolant for contaminants such as rust, corrosion
or discoloration.
If contaminated, flush engine cooling system. Refer toCO-32,
"FLUSHING COOLING SYSTEM".
REFILLING ENGINE COOLANT
1. Install reservoir tank, radiator drain plug and cylinder block drain plug.
Apply sealant to the thread of cylinder block drain plug.
lUse Genuine Liquid Gasket or equivalent.
2. Fill radiator slowly with coolant until coolant spills from the air
relief plugs, then install air relief plugs.
CAUTION:
If the filling rate is too fast, this could lead to air being
mixed in the coolant. Be sure to fill the coolant slowly
according to the rate indicated above.
lReplace the copper washer of the air bleeding plug.
lUse genuine Nissan anti-freeze coolant or equivalent mixed with water (distilled or demineralized).
Refer toMA-17, "
RECOMMENDED FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS".
lPour coolant through coolant filler neck slowly of less than 2 (1-3/4 lmp qt) a minute to allow air
in system to escape.
SBIA0129E
SBIA0130E
: 7.8 - 11.8 N·m (0.8 -1.2 kg-m , 69 - 104 in-lb)
Air relief plug :
: 6.7 - 7.9 N·m (0.68 - 0.81 kg-m, 59 - 70 in-lb)
Engine coolant capacity (With reservoir tank):
9.5 ( 8-3/8 Imp qt)
SMA182B
Reservoir tank : 0.6 (1/2 lmp qt )