TIRES AND WHEELS 2E–3
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
Hydroplaning
The condition of driving a vehicle fast on the road surface
covered with water can cause tires to fail to rotate with a
good contact on the surface, so results in remaining them
afloat. This is so–called hydroplaning. It causes brake
failure, lower tractive force, and losing the steering per-
formance so it is very vulnerable condition.
D16A005A
Standing Wave
During running the rotating tire repeats deformation and
restoring movement generated in tread. But when the
wheel rotating speed reaches high, the next deformation
applied to tire before restoring last deformation so the
trembling wave appears in the tread portion. The lower
the tire pressure the severe the trembling wave appears.
And during the high speed.
D106A004
REPLACEMENT TIRES
A Tire Performance Criteria (TPC) specification number
is molded in the sidewall near the tire size of all original
equipment tires. This specification number assures that
the tire meets performance standards for traction, en-
durance, dimensions, noise, handling and rolling resist-
ance. Usually a specific TPC number is assigned to
each tire size.Caution: Do not mix different types of tires on the
same vehicle such as radial, bias and bias-belted
tires except in emergencies, because vehicle han-
dling may be seriously affected and may result in
loss of control.
Caution: Do not change 145/70 R13 tires or 155/65
R13 tires for 175/60 R13 tires, because vehicle
hancling may be seriously affected and may result
in loss of control. If you change 145/70 R13 tires or
155/65 R13 tires for 175/60 R13 tires, you have to
change the steering gear assembly.
Use only replacement tires with the same size, load
range, and construction as the original. The use of any
other tire size or construction type may seriously affect
ride, handling, speedometer/odometer calibration, ve-
hicle ground clearance, and tire clearance to the body
and the chassis. This does not apply to the spare tire fur-
nished with the vehicle.
It is recommended that new tires be installed in pairs on
the same axle.
If it is necessary to replace only one tire, pair it with the
tire having the most tread to equalize the braking action.
Although they may appear different in tread design, tires
built by different manufacturers with identical TPC speci-
fications may be used on the same vehicle.
ALL SEASON TIRES
Most vehicles are now equipped with steel-belted all
season radial tires as standard equipment. These tires
qualify as snow tires, with a 37 percent higher average
rating for snow traction than the non-all season radial
tires previously used. Other performance areas, such as
wet traction, rolling resistance, tread life, and air reten-
tion, have also been improved. This was done by im-
provements in both tread design and tread compounds.
These tires are identified by an “M + S” molded in the tire
sidewall following the size number. The suffix “MS” is
also molded in the sidewall after the TPC specification
number.
The optional handling tires used on some vehicles are
not all season tires. These will not have the “MS” mark-
ing after the tire size or the TPC specification number.
TIRE LABEL
The tire label is permanently located on the rear face of
the driver’s door and should be referred to for tire infor-
mation. It lists the maximum vehicle load, the tire size
(including the spare tire), and the cold inflation pressure
(including the spare tire).
SPARE TIRE
This vehicle comes equipped with a full-sized spare tire
and wheel.
4F–16 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
DIAGNOSTIC INFORMATION AND PROCEDURES
D17E301A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0354
LEFT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUIT OPEN OR SHORTED
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test detects a short to battery, ground, or open in
the left front wheel speed sensor circuit.
Cause(s)
The wheel speed circuit is open or shorted to the bat-
tery or ground.
There is a loose connection in the wheel speed cir-
cuit.
The wheel speed sensor resistance is very high.
The EBCM is malfunctioning.Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp is turned on. The proportion-
ing is operation.
Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
4F–20 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E301A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0355
LEFT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR POOR
AIR GAP OR MISSING TOOTH RING
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test checks for the left front wheel speed equal to 0
km/h (0 mph) for greater than 6 km/h (3.8 mph).
Cause(s)
The tooth ring is missing.
The air gap exceeds the required specifications.
Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp is turned on. The proportion-
ing is operation.Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
intrusion exists, replace the wheel speed sensor har-
ness. If replacing a wheel speed sensor harness, in-
spect the sensor terminals. If you find evidence of
corrosion or water intrusion, replace the wheel speed
4F–22 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E301A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0356
LEFT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUIT
INTERMITTENT SHORTED
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test intermittent the left front wheel speed sensor
circuit.
Cause(s)
The wheel speed sensor is intermittent shorted to the
battery or ground.
There is a loose connection in the wheel speed sen-
sor circuit.
There is a loose connection in the EBCM.
The EBCM is malfunctioning.Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp repeat intermittent turned on,
and off. The proportioning is operation.
Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
4F–24 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E302A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0404
RIGHT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUIT OPEN OR SHORTED
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test detects a short to battery, ground, or open in
the right front wheel speed sensor circuit.
Cause(s)
The wheel speed circuit is open or shorted to the bat-
tery or ground.
There is a loose connection in the wheel speed cir-
cuit.
The wheel speed sensor resistance is very high.
The EBCM is malfunctioning.Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp is turned on. The proportion-
ing is operation.
Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
4F–28 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E302A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0405
RIGHT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR POOR
AIR GAP OR MISSING TOOTH RING
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test checks for the right front wheel speed equal to
0 km/h (0 mph) for greater than 6 km/h (3.8 mph).
Cause(s)
The tooth ring is missing.
The air gap exceeds the required specifications.
Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp is turned on. The proportion-
ing is operation.Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
intrusion exists, replace the wheel speed sensor har-
ness. If replacing a wheel speed sensor harness, in-
spect the sensor terminals. If you find evidence of
corrosion or water intrusion, replace the wheel speed
4F–30 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E302A
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0406
RIGHT FRONT WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUIT
INTERMITTENT SHORTED
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test intermittent the right front wheel speed sensor
circuit.
Cause(s)
The wheel speed sensor is intermittent shorted to the
battery or ground.
There is a loose connection in the wheel speed sen-
sor circuit.
There is a loose connection in the EBCM.
The EBCM is malfunctioning.Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp repeat intermittent turned on,
and off. The proportioning is operation.
Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water
4F–32 ANTILOCK BRAKE SYSTEM
DAEWOO M-150 BL2
D17E303B
DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE (DTC) 0454
LEFT REAR WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUIT OPEN OR SHORTED
Circuit Description
As a toothed ring passes by the wheel speed sensor,
changes in the electromagnetic field cause the wheel
speed sensor to produce a sinusoidal (AC) voltage sig-
nal whose frequency is proportional to the wheel speed.
The magnitude of this signal is directly related to wheel
speed and the proximity of the wheel speed sensor to
the toothed ring often referred to as the air gap.
Diagnosis
This test detects a short to battery, ground, or open in
the left rear wheel speed sensor circuit.
Cause(s)
The wheel speed circuit is open or shorted to the bat-
tery or ground.
There is a loose connection in the wheel speed cir-
cuit.
The wheel speed sensor resistance is very high.
The EBCM is malfunctioning.Fail Action
This is a critical operational fault. The ABS is disabled
and the ABS warning lamp is turned on. The proportion-
ing is operation.
Diagnostic Aids
An ‘‘intermittent’’ malfunction may be caused by a poor
connection, rubbed through wire insulation, or a wire
that is broken inside the insulation.
Thoroughly check any circuitry suspected of causing the
intermittent complaint. Look for backed out terminals,
improper mating, broken locks, improperly formed or
damaged terminals, poor terminal to wiring connections,
or physical damage to the wiring harness.
Wheel speed sensor resistance will increase as the sen-
sor temperature increases.
When replacing a wheel speed sensor, inspect the sen-
sor terminals and harness connector for corrosion and/
or water intrusion. If evidence of corrosion or water