2002 LAND ROVER DISCOVERY suspension

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 1
INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................... 01-1
How To Use This Manual................................................................................................................ 01-1
Repairs and Replacements ............................................................................................................. 01-1
Specifications .................................................................................................................................. 01-2
Abbreviations and Symbols ............................................................................................................ 01-3
GENERAL INFORMATION ...................................................................... 03-1
General Precautions ....................................................................................................................... 03-1
Safety Instructions .......................................................................................................................... 03-2
Environmental Precautions ............................................................................................................. 03-3
General Fitting Instructions ............................................................................................................. 03-6
Ball and Roller Bearings ................................................................................................................. 03-7
Oil Seals.......................................................................................................................................... 03-8
Joints and Joint Faces .................................................................................................................... 03-9
Locking Devices .............................................................................................................................. 03-9
Screw Threads ................................................................................................................................ 03-10
Bolt and Nut Identification ............................................................................................................... 03-11
Flexible Pipes and Hoses ............................................................................................................... 03-13
Rolling Road Testing....................................................................................................................... 03-15
Fuel Handling Precautions .............................................................................................................. 03-16
Electrical Precautions ..................................................................................................................... 03-17
Supplementary Restraint System Precautions ............................................................................... 03-18
SRS Component Replacement Policy ............................................................................................ 03-23
Air Conditioning System Precautions .............................................................................................. 03-24
Air Conditioning Compressor Replacement .................................................................................... 03-26
Body Repairs .................................................................................................................................. 03-26
GENERAL DATA ..................................................................................... 04-1
Engine - Td5 ................................................................................................................................... 04-1
Engine - V8 ..................................................................................................................................... 04-4
Fuel system - Td5 ........................................................................................................................... 04-8
Fuel system - V8 ............................................................................................................................. 04-9
Cooling system - Td5 ...................................................................................................................... 04-9
Cooling system - V8 ........................................................................................................................ 04-10
Clutch - Td5 .................................................................................................................................... 04-10
Clutch - V8 ...................................................................................................................................... 04-11
Manual gearbox - R380 .................................................................................................................. 04-12
Transfer box - LT230SE .................................................................................................................. 04-13
Automatic gearbox - ZF4HP22/24 .................................................................................................. 04-13
Rear axle......................................................................................................................................... 04-13
Front axle ........................................................................................................................................ 04-13
Steering........................................................................................................................................... 04-14
Suspension ..................................................................................................................................... 04-15
Brakes ............................................................................................................................................. 04-16
Wheels and tyres ............................................................................................................................ 04-16
Air conditioning ............................................................................................................................... 04-17
Electrical - Td5 ................................................................................................................................ 04-17
Electrical - V8 .................................................................................................................................. 04-17
Dimensions ..................................................................................................................................... 04-18
Weights ........................................................................................................................................... 04-18

CONTENTS
2CONTENTS
IDENTIFICATION NUMBERS .................................................................. 05-1
Vehicle Identification Number ......................................................................................................... 05-1
Identification Number Locations ..................................................................................................... 05-3
TORQUE WRENCH SETTINGS .............................................................. 06-1
Maintenance ................................................................................................................................... 06-1
Engine Td5 ..................................................................................................................................... 06-2
Engine V8 ....................................................................................................................................... 06-4
Emission control - Td5 .................................................................................................................... 06-5
Emission control - V8 ...................................................................................................................... 06-5
Engine management system - Td5 ................................................................................................. 06-5
Engine management system - V8................................................................................................... 06-6
Cooling system ............................................................................................................................... 06-6
Manifolds and exhaust systems - Td5 ............................................................................................ 06-6
Manifolds and exhaust systems - V8 .............................................................................................. 06-7
Clutch.............................................................................................................................................. 06-7
Manual gearbox - R380 .................................................................................................................. 06-8
Transfer box - LT230SE ................................................................................................................. 06-8
Automatic gearbox - ZF4HP22/24 .................................................................................................. 06-9
Propeller shafts ............................................................................................................................... 06-9
Axles ............................................................................................................................................... 06-9
Steering .......................................................................................................................................... 06-10
Front suspension ............................................................................................................................ 06-11
Rear suspension ............................................................................................................................. 06-12
Brakes............................................................................................................................................. 06-12
Restraint systems ........................................................................................................................... 06-13
Body................................................................................................................................................ 06-14
Heating and air conditioning ........................................................................................................... 06-15
Wipers and washers ....................................................................................................................... 06-15
Electrical ......................................................................................................................................... 06-15
LIFTING AND TOWING ........................................................................... 08-1
LIFTING .......................................................................................................................................... 08-1
TOWING ......................................................................................................................................... 08-2
TRANSPORTING ........................................................................................................................... 08-3
CAPACITIES, FLUIDS AND LUBRICANTS ............................................ 09-1
Capacities ....................................................................................................................................... 09-1
Fluids .............................................................................................................................................. 09-2
Anti-Freeze Concentration .............................................................................................................. 09-3
Lubrication ...................................................................................................................................... 09-3
MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................ 10-1
PROCEDURES
V8 engine underbonnet view .......................................................................................................... 10-1
Diesel underbonnet view ................................................................................................................ 10-2
Seats and seat belts ...................................................................................................................... 10-3
Lamps, horns and warning indicators ........................................................................................... 10-5
Wipers and washers ...................................................................................................................... 10-5
Handbrake .................................................................................................................................. 10-6

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 3
Alarm handset battery ..................................................................................................................... 10-6
Road wheels ................................................................................................................................... 10-7
Tyres .............................................................................................................................................. 10-7
Brake pads, discs and calipers ....................................................................................................... 10-7
Road wheel speed sensors ............................................................................................................. 10-7
Brake fluid ....................................................................................................................................... 10-8
Fuel filter - diesel engine ................................................................................................................. 10-8
Fuel filter sedimenter ...................................................................................................................... 10-8
Road wheels ................................................................................................................................... 10-8
Radiator/Intercooler ........................................................................................................................ 10-8
Ambient air Temperature and pressure sensor .............................................................................. 10-8
Doors, bonnet and fuel filler flap ..................................................................................................... 10-9
Air suspension intake filter .............................................................................................................. 10-9
Anti-freeze....................................................................................................................................... 10-9
Cooling system ............................................................................................................................... 10-9
Spark plugs - V8 engine.................................................................................................................. 10-10
Air cleaner - V8 engine ................................................................................................................... 10-11
Air cleaner and dump valve - diesel engine .................................................................................... 10-11
Auxiliary drive belt ........................................................................................................................... 10-11
Auxiliary drive belt - V8 engine ....................................................................................................... 10-12
Auxiliary drive belt - diesel engine .................................................................................................. 10-12
Fluid reservoirs ............................................................................................................................... 10-12
Steering box .................................................................................................................................... 10-13
Battery ............................................................................................................................................. 10-13
Intercooler - diesel engine............................................................................................................... 10-14
Engine oil - V8 engine ..................................................................................................................... 10-14
Engine oil - diesel engine ................................................................................................................ 10-14
Centrifuge rotor – diesel engine ...................................................................................................... 10-15
Engine oil filter - diesel engine ........................................................................................................ 10-15
Engine oil filter – V8 engine ............................................................................................................ 10-15
Manual gearbox .............................................................................................................................. 10-16
Automatic gearbox ......................................................................................................................... 10-17
Transfer box .................................................................................................................................... 10-18
Front and rear axle .......................................................................................................................... 10-19
Propeller shafts ............................................................................................................................... 10-19
Anti-roll bar links ............................................................................................................................. 10-20
ACE actuators ................................................................................................................................. 10-21
ACE filter ......................................................................................................................................... 10-21
Brake hose, brake, fuel, ACE, clutch pipes and unions/electrical harnesses ................................ 10-22
Engine, gearbox, transfer box and axles ........................................................................................ 10-23
Exhaust system............................................................................................................................... 10-23
Steering box and front suspension ................................................................................................. 10-23
Steering rod ball joints ................................................................................................................... 10-25
Dampers and SLS height sensors .................................................................................................. 10-25
Front and rear axle suspension links .............................................................................................. 10-26
Towing bracket................................................................................................................................ 10-27
Engine mountings - V8 engine ........................................................................................................ 10-27
Road/roller test................................................................................................................................ 10-28
ENGINE - Td5 ........................................................................................... 12-1-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Td5 Engine...................................................................................................................................... 12-1-1
Cylinder block components ............................................................................................................. 12-1-2

CONTENTS
14 CONTENTS
Steering system component layout................................................................................................. 57-1
Steering column assembly and intermediate shaft ......................................................................... 57-2
Steering box.................................................................................................................................... 57-4
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 57-5
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 57-15
ADJUSTMENTS
Steering box - check and adjust ..................................................................................................... 57-17
Hydraulic system - bleed ................................................................................................................ 57-18
Steering linkage - centralise ......................................................................................................... 57-18
Wheel alignment - front ................................................................................................................. 57-19
Power steering pressure check - diesel models ............................................................................. 57-20
Power steering pressure check - V8 LHD models .......................................................................... 57-22
Power steering pressure check - V8 RHD models ......................................................................... 57-24
REPAIRS
Power steering box - V8 ................................................................................................................. 57-27
Power steering box - LHD - diesel .................................................................................................. 57-30
Steering box - RHD - diesel ............................................................................................................ 57-34
Seal - input shaft - steering box ..................................................................................................... 57-37
Seal - output shaft - steering box ................................................................................................... 57-38
Pump - power steering - V8 ............................................................................................................ 57-39
Pump - power steering - diesel ....................................................................................................... 57-41
Steering column assembly and lock ............................................................................................... 57-42
Shaft - intermediate and universal joint - steering column ............................................................ 57-44
Nacelle - steering column ............................................................................................................... 57-47
Drop arm - steering box ................................................................................................................ 57-47
Ball joint - track rod ....................................................................................................................... 57-48
Ball joint - drag link ....................................................................................................................... 57-49
Drag link ........................................................................................................................................ 57-50
Damper - steering ......................................................................................................................... 57-51
Steering wheel ............................................................................................................................... 57-51
FRONT SUSPENSION .............................................................................. 60-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Front suspension component layout (ACE torsion bar shown)....................................................... 60-1
Front suspension components (ACE torsion bar shown) ............................................................... 60-2
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 60-4
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
ACE system component layout....................................................................................................... 60-9
ACE system control diagram .......................................................................................................... 60-10
Description - ACE ........................................................................................................................... 60-11
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 60-25
ADJUSTMENTS
ACE hydraulic system bleeding ..................................................................................................... 60-27
Fluid level check - ACE system ...................................................................................................... 60-27
REPAIRS
Bushes - Panhard rod ................................................................................................................... 60-29
Ball joint - upper - steering knuckle ............................................................................................... 60-30
Ball joint - lower - steering knuckle ................................................................................................. 60-31
Steering knuckle ........................................................................................................................... 60-32
Road spring - front ........................................................................................................................ 60-34
Wheel hub....................................................................................................................................... 60-35
Damper - front ............................................................................................................................... 60-37

CONTENTS
CONTENTS 15
Bushes - radius arm ...................................................................................................................... 60-39
ECU - ACE ..................................................................................................................................... 60-40
Accelerometer - ACE - upper ........................................................................................................ 60-41
Accelerometer - ACE - lower ........................................................................................................ 60-42
Pump - ACE - V8 ............................................................................................................................ 60-42
Pump - ACE - diesel ....................................................................................................................... 60-44
Valve block - ACE ......................................................................................................................... 60-46
Filter - high pressure - ACE .......................................................................................................... 60-48
Pressure transducer - ACE ........................................................................................................... 60-49
Solenoid - pressure control valve - ACE ....................................................................................... 60-50
Solenoid - directional control valve - ACE ..................................................................................... 60-51
Pipe assembly - valve block to front actuator - ACE ...................................................................... 60-51
Pipe assembly - pump or reservoir to valve block - ACE - V8 ....................................................... 60-54
Pipe assembly - pump or reservoir to valve block - ACE - diesel .................................................. 60-57
Pipe assembly - valve block to rear actuator - ACE ........................................................................ 60-61
Actuator - front - ACE .................................................................................................................... 60-63
Bushes - front long arm - ACE ........................................................................................................ 60-65
REAR SUSPENSION ................................................................................ 64-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
Rear suspension component layout (vehicles with SLS) ............................................................... 64-2
Rear suspension component layout (vehicles without SLS) .......................................................... 64-3
Rear suspension components ........................................................................................................ 64-4
Description ...................................................................................................................................... 64-6
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION
SLS component layout .................................................................................................................... 64-9
SLS system control diagram ........................................................................................................... 64-10
Description - SLS ............................................................................................................................ 64-12
Operation ........................................................................................................................................ 64-20
ADJUSTMENTS
SLS calibration blocks..................................................................................................................... 64-23
REPAIRS
Wheel hub ....................................................................................................................................... 64-25
Road spring - rear ........................................................................................................................... 64-27
Air spring - SLS ............................................................................................................................... 64-28
Damper - rear ................................................................................................................................ 64-29
Bushes - radius arm ...................................................................................................................... 64-29
Bushes - Watts linkage ................................................................................................................. 64-31
Sensor - height - SLS...................................................................................................................... 64-32
Compressor unit - air - SLS ............................................................................................................ 64-32
Filter - intake - SLS ......................................................................................................................... 64-34
Switch - ride height ......................................................................................................................... 64-34
Air valve - SLS ................................................................................................................................ 64-35
Actuator - rear - ACE ...................................................................................................................... 64-36
Bushes - rear long arm - ACE ......................................................................................................... 64-38
BRAKES ................................................................................................... 70-1
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION

INTRODUCTION
01-4
HRW Heated Rear Window
HSLA High Strength Low Alloy
ht/HT High tension
IACV Idle Air Control Valve
IAT Intake Air Temperature
ICE In-Car Entertainment
i.dia. Internal diameter
IDM Intelligent Driver Module
IF Intermediate Frequency
in
3Cubic inch
ILT Inlet Throttle
IPW Injector Pulse Width
ISO International Organisation for
Standardisation
ITS Inflatable Tubular Structure
k Thousand
kg Kilogramme
kg/h Kilogrammes per hour
km Kilometre
km/h Kilometres per hour
kPa KiloPascal
KS Knock Sensor
lLitre
lb(s) Pounds
lbf Pounds force
lbf.in Pounds force inches
lbf/in
2Pounds per square inch
lbf.ft Pounds force feet
λLambda
lc Low compression
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
LEV Low Emission Vehicle
LH Left-Hand
LHD Left-Hand Drive
LSM Light Switch Module
LVS Liquid Vapour Separator
mMetre
µMicro
MAF Mass Air Flow
MAP Manifold Absolute Pressure
MET Mechanical, Electrical and Trim
MFU Multi-Function Unit
MFL Multi-Function Logic
max. Maximum
MEMS Modular Engine Management
System
MIG Metal/Inert Gas
MIL Malfunction Indicator Lamp
MPa MegaPascal
MOSFET Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field
Effect Transistor
min. Minimum
- Minus (tolerance)
' Minute (angle)
mm Millimetre
mph Miles per hour MPi Multi-Point injection
MV Motorised Valve
MY Model Year
NAS North American Specification
(-) Negative (electrical)
Nm Newton metre
No. Number
NO
2Nitrogen Dioxide
NO
xOxides of Nitrogen
NTC Negative Temperature
Coefficient
NRV Non Return Valve
OBD On Board Diagnostics
OBM On Board Monitoring
o.dia. Outside diameter
OAT Organic Acid Technology
ORM Off-road Mode
ΩOhm
PAS Power Assisted Steering
PCB Printed Circuit Board
PCV Positive Crankcase Ventilation
PDC Parking Distance Control
PDOP Position Dilation Of Precision
PI Programme Information
PPS Pulse Per Second
PS Programme Service
psi Pounds per square inch
pts. Pints
% Percentage
+ Plus (tolerance) or Positive
(electrical)
±Plus or minus (tolerance)
PTC Positive Temperature Coefficient
PTFE Polytetrafluorethylene
PVC Polyvinyl chloride
PWM Pulse Width Modulation
RDS Radio Data Service
rRadius
:Ratio
ref Reference
REG Regionalisation
RES Rover Engineering Standards
rev/min Revolutions per minute
RF Radio Frequency
RGB Red / Green / Blue
RH Right-Hand
RHD Right-Hand Drive
ROM Read Only Memory
RON Research Octane Number
ROV Roll Over Valve
ROW Rest Of World
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
SAI Secondary Air Injection
" Second (angle)
SLABS Self Levelling and Anti-Lock
Brake System
SLS Self Levelling Suspension
SOHC Single Overhead Camshaft

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-26
Air Conditioning Compressor
Replacement
A new compressor is supplied filled with a full charge
(X cm3) of refrigerant oil.

+ CAPACITIES, FLUIDS AND
LUBRICANTS, Capacities.A calculated quantity of
oil must be drained from the new compressor before
fitting. To calculate the quantity of oil to be drained:
1Remove the drain plug from the old
compressor.
2Invert the compressor and gravity drain the oil
into a calibrated measuring cylinder. Rotate the
compressor clutch to ensure the compressor is
completely drained.
3Note the quantity of oil drained (Y cm
3).
4Calculate the quantity of oil to be drained from
the new compressor using the following
formula:
X cm
3 — (Y cm3 + 20 cm3) = Q cm3
5Remove the drain plug from the new
compressor and drain Q cm3 of oil. Fit and
tighten the compressor drain plug.
Body Repairs
General
Body shells are of welded construction and bolted to
a chassis frame. Front and rear sections of the shell
are designed as 'energy absorbing' zones. This
means they are designed to deform progressively
when subjected to impact in order to minimise the
likelihood of injury to vehicle occupants.
It is essential that design dimensions and strength
are restored in accident rectification. It is important
that neither structural weakness nor excessive local
stiffness are introduced into the vehicle during body
repair.
Repairs usually involve a combination of operations
ranging from straightening procedures to renewal of
individual panels or panel assemblies. The repairer
will determine the repair method and this decision will
take into account a balance of economics between
labour and material costs and the availability of repair
facilities in both equipment and skills. It may also
involve considerations of the vehicles' downtime,
replacement vehicle availability and repair turn-
around time.
It is expected that a repairer will select the best and
most economic repair method possible, making use
of the facilities available. The instructions given are
intended to assist a skilled body repairer by
expanding approved procedures for panel
replacement. The objective is to restore the vehicle
to a safe running condition by carrying out a repair
which is as close as is feasible to original standard.
The results should not advertise to the experienced
eye that the vehicle has been damaged, although the
repair might not be identical in all respects to the
original factory build. Commercial bodyshop repair
facilities cannot always duplicate methods of
construction used during production.
Operations covered in this Manual do not include
reference to testing the vehicle after repair. It is
essential that work is inspected and suspension
geometry checked after completion. Where
necessary a road test of the vehicle should be carried
out, particularly where safety-related items are
concerned.
Where major units have been disconnected or
removed it is necessary to ensure that fluid levels are
checked and topped up where necessary. It is also
necessary to ensure that the repaired vehicle is in a
roadworthy condition in respect of tyre pressures,
lights, washer fluid etc.

GENERAL INFORMATION
03-27
Body repairs often involve the removal of mechanical
and electrical units and associated wiring. Where
necessary, refer to the relevant section of the
Workshop Manual for removal and refitting
instructions.
Taking into consideration the differences in body
styles, suspension systems and engine and
transmission layouts, the location of the following
components as applicable to a particular vehicle is
critical:
lFront suspension upper damper mountings on
RH and LH chassis longitudinals.
lFront suspension or sub frame mountings.
lEngine mountings on RH and LH chassis
longitudinals.
lRear suspension upper damper mountings on
RH and LH chassis longitudinals.
lRear suspension mountings or lower pivots.
Additional points which can be used to check
alignment and assembly are:
lInner holes in cross member - side - main floor.
lHoles in front bulkhead.
lHoles in rear longitudinals.
lHoles in rear lower panels.
Apertures for windscreen, rear screen, bonnet and
doors can be measured and checked using the
dimensional information provided and also by
offering up an undamaged component as a gauge.
Straightening
Whenever possible, structural members should be
cold straightened under tension. Do not attempt to
straighten with a single pull but rework the damaged
area using a series of pulls, releasing tension
between each stage and using the opportunity to
check alignment.
Body jig
Unless damage is limited to cosmetic panels, all
repair work to body members must be carried out on
a body jig, to ensure that impact damage has not
spread into more remote parts of the structure.
Mounting on a jig will also ensure that the
straightening and panel replacement procedures do
not cause further distortion.
If original dimensions cannot be satisfactorily
restored by these methods, damaged structural
members should be replaced. Damaged areas
should be cut away using a high speed saw, NOT an
oxy-acetylene torch.
As a rule, body dimensions are symmetrical about
the centre line. A good initial check for distortion is
therefore to measure diagonally and to investigate
apparent differences in dimensions.Inspection
Every accident produces individual variations in
damage. Each repair is influenced by the extent of
the damage and the facilities and equipment
available for its rectification.
Most accident damage can be visually inspected and
the approximate extent of damage assessed.
Sometimes deformation will extend beyond the
directly damaged area, and the severity of this must
be accurately established so that steps can be taken
to restore critical body components to their original
dimensions. An initial check can be carried out by
means of drop checks or, preferably, trammels.
Gauges are available which will accurately check for
body twist.