1999 LAND ROVER DEFENDER warning

MAINTENANCE
17
MAINTENANCE FRONT AND REAR AXLE OIL
Renew
A- Front and rear axle, 90 models, front, 110/130
models.
B- Rear axle, 110/130 models.
WARNING: Avoid excessive skin contact
with used axle oil. Used axle oil contains
potentially harmful contaminants which
may cause skin cancer or other serious skin
disorders.1.Ensure vehicle is level and place suitable tray
under axle to be drained.
2.Using 13mm square drive wrench, remove drain
and filler/level plugs from axle and allow oil to
drain completely.
3.Clean and refit drain plug.
4.Inject new oil, until it runs out from filler/level
hole. Allow excess oil to drain and wipe clean.
See LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND
CAPACITIES, Information.
5.Clean and refit filler/level plug.
Check
1.Ensure vehicle is level.
2.Using 13 mm square drive wrench, remove
filler/level plug.
3.If necessary inject new oiluntil oil runs out from
filler/level hole. Allow excess oil to drain and
wipe clean.See LUBRICANTS, FLUIDS AND
CAPACITIES, Information.
4.Clean and refit filler/level plug.
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MAINTENANCE
23
MAINTENANCE ENGINE AND TRANSMISSION MOUNTINGS
1.Check condition of front LH engine mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
2.Check condition of front RH engine mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
3.Check condition of rear LH gearbox mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.
4.Check condition of rear RH gearbox mounting.
Tighten fixings if necessary.See ENGINE ,
Repair.ROAD TEST
There are two purposes for conducting a road test.
Firstly, to ensure the work completed within the
dealership meets the standards required as layed
down by dealership processes. Secondly, for a skilled
technician to assess the general condition of the
vehicle and report any conditions that the customer
should be made aware of.
CAUTION: Two wheel roller tests must not
be carried out. Four wheel roller tests
must be restricted to 3 mph (5 kph).
1.Check for correct operation of starter switch.
Ensure the engine starts in a correct manner.
Leave the engine running.
2.With vehicle stationary, turn steering from lock to
lock. Check for smooth operation and ensure
there is no undue noise from the power steering
pump or drive belt.
3.Depress clutch and select all gears in turn.
Check for smooth notch free engagement.
4.Drive vehicle on a short road test. Check all
vehicle systems for correct operation. Pay
particular attention to:
Engine noise
Gearbox noise
Suspension noise
Body noise
Braking system operation
Gear selection
Engine performance
5.Check for correct operation of all instruments
and warning devices where practical.
6.After road test, carry out a final inspection of the
vehicle on vehicle ramps.
7.Check all underbonnet fluid levels and top-up if
necessary.
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ENGINE
21
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION Oil pressure switch
The oil pressure switch is located in a port on the outlet side of the oil cooler housing. It detects when a safe
operating pressure has been reached during engine starting and initiates the illumination of a warning light in the
instrument pack if the pressure drops below a given value.
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ENGINE
35
DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION 1.To cylinder block main gallery (from rear of oil cooler housing)
2.Oil cooler housing
3.Oil pressure switch
4.Full-flow filter
5.Centrifuge filter
6.Return to sump
7.Flow from oil pump (via cylinder block)
8.Oil cooler matrix
When the engine temperature is below 74°C, the thermostat in the full-flow filter adaptor housing is closed and a
proportion of the oil flow to the main oil gallery is diverted to the oil cooler to supply an oil feed to the turbocharger
bearings. Oil passes through the oil cooler to the front gallery in the oil cooler housing where there is a tapping to
connect the feed pipe to the turbocharger. Oil used by the turbocharger bearings is returned to the sump through
an oil drain pipe which connects to a port in the LH side of the cylinder block.
The remainder of the oil flow leaving the full-flow filter outlet is passed into the cylinder block via a port at the rear
of oil cooler rear gallery.
When the oil temperature rises above 74°C the thermostat in the full-flow filter housing begins to open to allow a
proportion of the oil from the full-flow filter to pass through the oil cooler before it reaches the main oil gallery in the
cylinder block. In this instance, oil supply to the turbocharger bearings is fed directly from the full-flow filter without
first passing through the oil cooler. Between 74°C and 88°C the thermostat valve plunger opens by about 9 mm
(0.3 in) to allow proportionally more oil to flow through the oil cooler before being passed to the cylinder block main
oil delivery gallery. Above 88°C the thermostat valve continues to open by about 1mm (0.03 in) for every 10°C
increase in temperature until the valve is fully open, when all the oil flow to the cylinder block is forced to pass to
the cylinder block via the oil cooler.
An oil pressure switch is located in a port in the rear gallery of the oil cooler housing to sense the oil pressure level
before flow enters the main oil gallery in the engine block. A warning lamp in the instrument cluster is switched on
if the oil pressure is detected as being too low.
Drillings from the cylinder block main oil gallery direct oil to the crankshaft main bearings and cross drillings in the
crankshaft direct oil to the big-end bearings. An additional five drillings in the cylinder block supply oil at reduced
pressure to the oil squirt jets for piston cooling and gudgeon pin lubrication.
Oil supply from the cylinder block is then passed to the cylinder head galleries through a non-return valve which is
included as an integral item in the lower face of the cylinder head.
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12ENGINE
20
REPAIR Refit
9.Fit shield to mounting ensuring cut-away portion
is correctly aligned.
10.Fit mounting and mounting bracket.
11.Fit mounting bracket to cylinder block bolts and
tighten to48 Nm (35 lbf.ft).
12.Fit nuts securing mounting to chassis and tighten
to85 Nm (63 lbf.ft).
13.Fit mounting to mounting bracket nut and tighten
to85 Nm (63 lbf.ft).
14.Remove engine support chains.
15.Clean oil filter adaptor housing and mating face.
16.Fit oil filter adaptor housing using a new gasket
and tighten bolts to25 Nm (18 lbf.ft).
17.Fit centrifuge assembly.See this Section.MOUNTING - FRONT - RH
Service repair no - 12.45.03
Remove
1.Remove engine acoustic cover.See this
Section.
2.Remove fixings, remove battery cover.
3.Disconnect battery negative lead.
4.Raise front of vehicle.
WARNING: Support on safety stands.
5.Remove 4 bolts, move fuel cooler to one side.
6.Fit suitable lifting chains to support engine.
7.Remove 2 nuts securing engine mounting to
chassis.
8.Remove 4 bolts securing engine mounting
bracket to cylinder block.
9.Remove nut securing mounting to mounting
bracket.
10.Remove mounting and mounting bracket.
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12ENGINE
22
OVERHAUL Refit
1.Clean crankshaft rear oil seal housing mating
face on cylinder block, ensure bolt and dowel
holes are clean and dry. Remove all traces of oil
from oil seal running surface on crankshaft.
2.Position seal protectorLRT-12-061over
crankshaft boss. Fit new seal and housing,
removeLRT-12-061.
CAUTION: Oil seal must be fitted dry.
3.Fit oil seal housing bolts and using sequence
shown, tighten to9 Nm (7 lbf.ft).
4.Fit sump gasket.See this Section.
5.Fit flywheel.See Repair.STARTER RING GEAR
Service repair no - 12.53.19
Remove.
1.Remove flywheel.See Repair.
2.Drill a 3 mm (0.12 in) diameter hole at root of 2
teeth.
3.Apply a cold chisel to root of teeth, break ring
gear and remove from flywheel.
WARNING: SUITABLE EYE PROTECTION
MUST BE WORN.
Refit
1.Heat ring gear evenly to 350°C, indicated by
light blue colour.
2.Locate ring gear on flywheel and press on to
flange.
WARNING: Handle hot ring gear with care.
3.Allow ring gear to air cool.
4.Fit flywheel.See Repair.
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12ENGINE
26
OVERHAUL Refit
1.Clean mating faces of oil pump, stiffener plate
assembly and cylinder block; ensure bolt and
dowel holes are clean and dry.
2.Lubricate a new’O’ring with engine oil and fit to
oil pump housing outlet.
3.Position oil pump and stiffener plate assembly
on to cylinder block ensuring 2 dowels are
correctly located.
4.Fit new bolts and using sequence shown, tighten
to13 Nm (10 lbf.ft).
5.Lubricate a new’O’ring with engine oil and fit to
oil pick-up strainer.
6.Clean threads of oil pick-up strainer Torx screws
and apply Loctite 242 to threads.
7.Fit oil pick-up strainer, fit Torx screws and
tighten to10 Nm (8 lbf.ft).
8.Position oil pump drive sprocket to chain and oil
pump ensuring that the’D’shape on the drive
sprocket is located on the flat on the oil pump
drive shaft.
9.Clean threads of oil pump drive sprocket
retaining bolt and apply Loctite 242 to threads.
10.Fit oil pump drive sprocket bolt and tighten to25
Nm (18 lbf.ft).
11.Fit sump gasket.See this Section.TIMING CHAIN AND SPROCKETS
Service repair no - 12.65.13.01
Remove
1.Remove cylinder head gasket.See this
Section.
CAUTION: If timing chain tensioner is to
be replaced, ensure tensioner is correct
for engine. Tensioner bodies are colour
coded as follows:- Engine Serial No. Prefixes 10P
to 14P - BLACK with, additionally, on later
engines, YELLOW on tensioner hex. head. Engine
Serial No. Prefixes 15P to 19P:- Body is coloured
YELLOW. Later tensioners may be fitted to early
engines provided that the modified adjustable
guide is also fitted.
2.Remove 3 bolts securing crankshaft damper to
pulley, remove damper.
3.PositionLRT-51-003to crankshaft pulley and
secure with 2 bolts.
4.Using assistance, restrain engine and remove
crankshaft pulley bolt; discard bolt.
WARNING: CRANKSHAFT BOLT IS
TIGHTENED TO 460 Nm (340 lbf.ft),
ENSURE THAT ENGINE IS ADEQUATELY
RESTRAINED.
5.Remove crankshaft pulley, remove bolts and
tool.
6.Remove sump gasket.See this Section.
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12ENGINE
30
OVERHAUL
22.Fit oil seal guide, from seal kit, over end of
crankshaft.
23.Fit new oil seal into timing cover using
LRT-12-156.
CAUTION: Oil seal must be fitted dry.
24.RemoveLRT-12-156and oil seal guide.
25.Fit crankshaft pulley, fit crankshaft pulley bolt.
26.FitLRT-51-003to crankshaft pulley and secure
with 2 bolts.
27.Using assistance, restrain engine and using a
torque multiplier, tighten crankshaft bolt to460
Nm (340 lbf.ft).
WARNING: DUE TO THE HIGH TORQUE
LOADING REQUIRED, IT IS ESSENTIAL
THAT ENGINE IS ADEQUATELY
RESTRAINED.
28.RemoveLRT-51-003.
29.Position damper to crankshaft pulley, fit 3 bolts
and tighten to80 Nm (60 lbf.ft).
30.Fit sump gasket.See this Section.
31.Fit cylinder head gasket.See this Section.BEARINGS - CONNECTING RODS
Service repair no - 12.17.16.01
Remove
1.Remove oil pump.See this Section.
2.Mark cylinder reference number on each
connecting rod big-end bearing cap.
3.Make suitable alignment marks between each
big-end bearing cap and connecting rod.
CAUTION: Due to the’fracture split’
method of manufacturing connecting rods
and bearing caps, incorrect fitting of cap
to connecting rod will damage mating faces and
necessitate replacement of connecting rod
assembly.
4.Rotate crankshaft clockwise until No. 1 big-end
is at BDC.
5.Remove and discard 2 bolts securing No. 1
big-end bearing cap.
6.Remove bearing cap, remove and discard
big-end bearing shell.
7.Push connecting rod up cylinder bore until rod is
clear of crankshaft journal.
CAUTION: Ensure that connecting rod
does not contact cylinder bore or oil squirt
jet and piston does not contact the valves
or EUI’s if the cylinder head is fitted.
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