1999 DODGE RAM wheel

Transmission speed sensor may also be referred to as
transmission output shaft speed sensor. Transmission speed sensor is
located on overdrive case at rear of transmission. Transmission speed
sensor delivers input signal to Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to
indicate transmission output shaft speed.
Overdrive Switch (A/T Models)
Transmission overdrive switch may be referred to as
overdrive/override switch, OD switch or overdrive off switch.
Transmission overdrive switch is located on end of gearshift lever.
When vehicle operator depresses transmission overdrive switch, an
input signal is delivered to the Powertrain Control Module (PCM). The
PCM uses input signal for controlling transmission overdrive shifts by
use of transmission overdrive solenoid on transmission valve body.
Transmission overdrive switch is normally in the ON position, allowing
transmission overdrive operation. If transmission overdrive switch is
depressed once, switch is in OFF position, allowing no transmission
overdrive upshift. If transmission overdrive switch is depressed
again, switch returns to the ON position, allowing transmission
overdrive operation.
Park/Neutral Switch (A/T Models)
Park/neutral switch delivers input signal to Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) to indicate if transmission is in Park, Neutral
or Drive. PCM uses input signal for controlling cruise control system,
transmission torque converter clutch operation and transmission
overdrive solenoid. When park/neutral switch is in Park or Neutral,
switch also provides a ground circuit for the engine starting system.
Park/neutral switch is located on the driver's side of transmission,
near shift linkage.
Transmission Governor Pressure Sensor (A/T Models)
Transmission governor pressure sensor delivers input signal
to Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to indicate transmission governor
pressure. PCM uses input signal for controlling governor pressure by
use of governor pressure solenoid on transmission valve body.
Transmission Temperature Sensor (A/T Models)
Transmission temperature sensor monitors transmission fluid
temperature and delivers input signal to Powertrain Control Module
(PCM). PCM uses input signal for controlling transmission torque
converter clutch operation, transmission overdrive shifts and governor
pressure. Transmission temperature sensor is located on transmission
valve body, incorporated into governor pressure sensor.
PCM prevents torque converter clutch engagement and
transmission overdrive operation when transmission fluid temperature
is less than 50
F (10C). If transmission fluid temperature is more
than 260F (126C), PCM forces a 4-3 downshift and engages torque
converter clutch until transmission fluid cools down. Once
transmission fluid cools to less than 230
F (110C), PCM allows a 3-4
shift again.
Vehicle Speed & Distance
Vehicle speed sensor is no longer used. The vehicle speed and
distance traveled are determined by rear wheel speed sensor. Rear
wheel speed sensor is mounted on top of rear axle housing, above the
ring gear. Rear wheel speed sensor delivers an input signal to
Controller Anti-Lock Brake (CAB) to indicate vehicle speed and
distance traveled. The CAB then delivers input signal to Powertrain
Control Module (PCM) to indicate vehicle speed and distance traveled.
PCM uses input signal for controlling control cruise control system
and fuel system. The CAB is mounted on top of the hydraulic control
unit. Hydraulic control unit contains the pump assembly that

brakelines are attached to and is mounted in the engine compartment.
ECM OUTPUT SIGNALS
APPS & CKP Output To PCM
See ACCELERATOR PEDAL POSITION SENSOR (APPS) OUTPUT FROM ECM
under PCM INPUT SIGNALS.
CCD Bus
These circuits are connected between Engine Control Module
(ECM) and Powertrain Control Module (PCM) to allow communication
between modules.
DLC Output
Data Link Connector (DLC) is connected to Engine Control
Module (ECM). Using a scan tool, data can be retrieved (output) from\
ECM.
5-Volt Sensor Supply Output
Engine Control Module (ECM) supplies a 5-volt reference
signal to the following sensors:
* Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
* Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
* Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
* Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
* Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
Engine Control Module (ECM) also supplies voltage to the
following sensors:
* Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor (APPS)
* Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
* Engine Oil Pressure Sensor
* Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
* Manifold Absolute Pressure (MAP) Sensor
* Water-In-Fuel (WIF) Sensor
Fuel Injection Pump Relay
The Engine Control Module (ECM) energizes the fuel injection
pump and integral Fuel Pump Control Module (FPCM) through the relay.
When ignition is turned on, ECM supplies 12 volts to fuel injection
pump relay, located in Power Distribution Center.
Fuel Pump Control Module (FPCM)
Fuel Pump Control Module (FPCM) controls fuel pump using
inputs from Engine Control Module (ECM). FPCM is integral to top of
fuel pump. ECM and FPCM are interconnected together for fuel injection
control.
Fuel Transfer Pump
Engine Control Module (ECM) supplies power to fuel transfer
pump. Transfer fuel pump supplies fuel under low pressure (14 psi)
while engine is running to fuel injection pump. Fuel transfer pump
supplies an excess of fuel to cool fuel injection pump. Excess fuel is
returned to fuel tank by fuel injection pump.
Intake Manifold Air Heater Relays
Intake manifold air heater relays provide voltage to intake
manifold air heater for warming of intake. See Fig. 5. Warming of
intake air aids in engine starting and improved driveability during
cold ambient temperatures. Intake manifold air heater relays are
mounted on inner wheelwell, below driver's side battery. See Fig. 6.

Module (FPCM). Because of electronic control, pump timing is not
adjustable. See ON-VEHICLE ADJUSTMENTS - TRUCKS - DIESEL article.
FUEL FILTER/WATER SEPARATOR
Fuel filter/water separator is located on left side of engine
and contains fuel heater, Water-In-Fuel (WIF) sensor and drain valve.
See Fig. 2 . The WIF sensor delivers an input signal to Engine Control
Module (ECM) when water exists in fuel filter/water separator. ECM
will then turn on WATER-IN-FUEL warning light. WATER-IN-FUEL warning
light is located on instrument panel, just below tachometer. The
WATER-IN-FUEL warning light informs the operator to drain water from
fuel filter/water separator to prevent damage to fuel system
components. Water may be drained from fuel filter/water separator by
using drain valve on fuel filter/water separator.
FUEL HEATER
Fuel heater is used to prevent diesel fuel from waxing during
cold temperatures. Fuel heater is located in fuel filter/water
separator. See Fig. 2. Fuel flows from fuel tank to fuel transfer pump
and then to fuel filter/water separator. Fuel heater contains a fuel
heater temperature sensor that senses the fuel temperature. When
temperature is less than 37-53
F (3-12C), fuel heater temperature
sensor allows current to flow to the fuel heater to warm the fuel.
When temperature is more than 67-83
F (19-28C), fuel heater
temperature sensor turns off the current flow to the fuel heater.
Voltage to operate fuel heater is provided from ignition switch,
through fuel heater relay and to fuel heater. Fuel heater and fuel
heater relay are not controlled by Engine Control Module (ECM).
EMISSION SYSTEMS
INTAKE MANIFOLD AIR HEATER SYSTEM
Intake manifold air heater is used to warm intake air during
cold starting conditions. Heater system consists of 2 relays and 2
grid heaters installed on top of intake manifold. See Fig. 5.
Engine Control Module (ECM) energizes intake manifold air
heater relays to provide voltage to intake manifold air heater before
and after starting depending on input signals from intake manifold air
temperature sensor, engine speed sensor and vehicle speed. Intake
manifold air heater relays are not energized when intake manifold air
temperature is greater than 59
F (15C) or during engine cranking.
Intake manifold air heater relays are mounted on left inner wheelwell,
below left side battery. See Fig. 6.
Intake manifold air temperature sensor monitors intake
manifold air temperature and delivers an input signal to ECM for
controlling intake manifold air heater. Intake manifold air
temperature sensor is located in intake manifold. See Figs. 2 and 4.
SELF-DIAGNOSTIC SYSTEM
DATA LINK CONNECTOR
The Data Link Connector (DLC) is a 16-pin connector located
at lower edge of driver's side of instrument panel, just above the
accelerator pedal. The Engine Control Module (ECM) contains a self-
diagnostic system which stores a Diagnostic Trouble Code (FTC) if an
incorrect signal or no signal is received from certain sensors or
components. FTC may be retrieved from ECM for system diagnosis by

(IAC) motor.
Battery Temperature Sensor
PCM uses sensor to determine battery temperature and to
control battery charging rate. Temperature data along with battery
voltage data, is used by PCM to vary charging rate. System voltage is
higher at colder temperatures and is gradually reduced at warmer
temperatures.
Battery Voltage
PCM monitors battery voltage to determine fuel injector pulse
width and generator field control. This is done to compensate for
reduced current flow through injector caused by lowered voltage.
Brake Switch
This switch may also be referred to as a brakelight switch.
PCM uses this switch input to maintain idle speed at a preprogrammed
RPM when brakes are applied. If PCM receives an input signal from
brake switch when speed control system is on, PCM will turn speed
control system off.
Camshaft Position (CMP) Sensor
On models equipped with a distributor, CMP sensor is made up
of a Hall Effect switch (sync signal generator) and a rotating pulse
ring (shutter) on distributor shaft. See Fig. 1. On Distributorless
Ignition System (DIS), CMP sensor reads slots in cam timing sprocket.
PCM uses this information along with information from Crankshaft
Position (CKP) sensor to determine if fuel injectors and ignition
coils are properly sequenced for correct cylinders.
Fig. 1: Cut-Away View Of Hall Effect Distributor (Typical)
Courtesy of Chrysler Corp.
Crankshaft Position (CKP) Sensor
CKP sensor detects sets of slots on flywheel/torque converter

PCM controls operation of electric cooling fan. PCM operates fan
through radiator fan relay by grounding or ungrounding relay control
circuit. PCM regulates engine idle speed through IAC motor when fan is
on.
SHIFT INDICATOR LIGHT
PCM provides ground for shift indicator light on models
equipped with manual transmission. Based on engine speed, throttle
position, and vehicle speed, PCM turns shift indicator light on to
advise driver to shift to a higher gear for optimum fuel economy.
SPEED CONTROL SERVO
System is electrically actuated and vacuum operated. Controls
are located on steering wheel. Controls consist of 3 buttons: OFF/ON,
RESUME/ACCEL and SET/DECEL. Speed control servo is controlled by PCM.
System will operate at 35-85 MPH.
TACHOMETER
PCM provides signal to drive tachometer.
TORQUE CONVERTER CLUTCH (TCC) SOLENOID
PCM controls torque converter lock-up through TCC solenoid.
PCM controls lock-up according to various operating conditions.
TRANSMISSION GOVERNOR SOLENOID
PCM controls solenoid to regulate line pressure for shift
control.
TRANSMISSION OVERDRIVE/OVERRIDE (OD/OR) SWITCH INDICATOR
LIGHT
PCM controls indicator light on OD/OR switch on models
equipped with overdrive automatic transmission.
TRANSMISSION OVERDRIVE (OD) SOLENOID
On models equipped with OD transmission, PCM controls 3-4 OD
upshift and downshift through OD solenoid. PCM determines optimum OD
shift scheduling for all operating conditions.

simultaneously when throttle is depressed. If both levers to do not
move simultaneously, readjust throttle valve cable.
TRANSFER CASE SHIFT LINKAGE
Dakota
1) Place transfer case shift lever in 4L position. Use wire
or bungie cord to secure transfer case shift lever in 4L position.
Raise and support vehicle. Loosen lock bolt at adjusting swivel on
shift rod. See Fig. 8. Ensure shift rod slides freely in adjusting
swivel. If shift rod fails to slide freely in adjusting swivel,
lubricate shift rod as necessary.
2) Ensure shift lever on transfer case is still in 4L
position. Ensure pin on end of adjusting swivel is centered in hole on
shift arm. Tighten lock bolt. With all wheels off floor, start engine
and shift transfer case through all ranges to ensure proper operation.
3) Ensure pin on end of adjusting swivel is centered in hole
on shift arm. Tighten lock bolt. With all wheels off floor, start
engine and shift transfer case through all ranges to ensure proper
operation.
Fig. 8: Identifying Typical Transfer Case Shift Linkage Components
Courtesy of Chrysler Corp.
Ram Pickup
1) Place transfer case shift lever in 2H position. Use wire

or bungie cord to secure transfer case shift lever in 2H position.
2) Raise and support vehicle. Loosen lock bolt at adjusting
swivel on shift rod. See Fig. 8. Ensure shift rod slides freely in
adjusting swivel. If shift rod fails to slide freely in adjusting
swivel, lubricate shift rod as necessary.
3) Ensure shift lever on transfer case is still in 2H
position. Tighten lock bolt. With all wheels off floor, start engine
and shift transfer case through all ranges to ensure proper operation.
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS








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Application Ft. Lbs. (N.m)\
Kickdown Band Adjusting Screw Lock Nut ..................... 30 (41)\
Low-Reverse Band Adjusting Screw Lock Nut .................. 25 (34)\
Oil Pan Bolt ............................................... 12 (16)\
PTO Adapter Drain Plug (Ram Pickup) ........................ 40 (54\
)
PTO Adapter Fill Plug (Ram Pickup) ......................... 40 (54\
)
Transfer Case Drain Plug ................................... 40 (54)\
Transfer Case Fill Plug .................................... 40 (54)\
INCH Lbs. (N.m)
Oil Filter Bolt ........................................... 35 (4.0)\









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transmission housing.
2) Install and tighten transmission drain plug to
specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS.
3) Remove transmission fill plug from side of transmission.
Transmission fill plug is located near front of transmission on
passenger's side of transmission. Fill transmission with appropriate
type of transmission fluid until fluid level is even with bottom of
fill plug hole on transmission. See RECOMMENDED FLUID. Install and
tighten transmission fill plug to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS.
Transmission (Ram Pickup With NV4500 Or NV5600)
1) Park vehicle on level surface. Remove bottom bolt from
Power Take-Off (PTO) cover on passenger's side of transmission. Allow
fluid to drain.
2) Install and tighten PTO cover bolt to specification. See
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS. Remove transmission fill plug from side of
transmission. Transmission fill plug is located near rear of
transmission on passenger's side of transmission.
3) Fill transmission with appropriate type of transmission
fluid until fluid level is even with bottom of fill plug hole on
transmission. See RECOMMENDED FLUID. Install and tighten transmission
fill plug to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS.
Transfer Case
1) Ensure vehicle is parked on level surface. Remove transfer
case drain plug. Transfer case drain plug is located on rear of
transfer case at driver's side corner of transfer case. Allow fluid to
drain from transfer case.
2) Reinstall transfer case drain plug. Tighten transfer case
drain plug to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS. Remove
transfer case fill plug fill plug from rear of transfer case. Transfer
case fill plug is located on rear of transfer case, just below
identification tag.
3) Fill transfer case with appropriate type of transfer case
fluid until fluid level is even with bottom of fill plug hole on
transfer case. See RECOMMENDED FLUID. Install and tighten transfer
case fill plug to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS.
ADJUSTMENTS
TRANSFER CASE SHIFT LINKAGE
Dakota
1) On NV231, place transfer case lever in 4H position. On
NV242, place transfer case lever in 4FT position. On all models, use
wire or tape to hold lever in position. Raise and support vehicle.
Loosen shifter rod lock bolt at adjusting swivel. Ensure shift rod
slides freely in adjusting swivel.
2) Ensure shift lever on transfer case is in 4H position.
Slide adjusting swivel forward until shift lever touches shifter gate
crossover. Slide adjusting swivel slightly rearward to provide a 3-5
mm gap between shift lever shifter gate.
3) Center pin on adjusting swivel in shift arm and tighten
lock bolt to 90 INCH lbs. (10 N.m). Lower vehicle enough to enter
vehicle. Ensure wheels are off floor. Start engine and shift
transmission into gear. Operate transfer case to verify correct
adjustment.