1999 DODGE RAM battery

TR AN SM IS SIO N R EM OVA L & IN STA LLA TIO N

1999 D odge P ic ku p R 1500
1998-99 TRANSMISSION SERVICING
CHRY - Trans Removal & Installation - Trucks & RWD Vans
Dakota, Ram Pickup, Ram Van/Wagon
WARNING: When battery is disconnected, vehicle computer and memory
systems may lose memory data. Driveability problems may exist
until computer systems have completed a relearn cycle. See
COMPUTER RELEARN PROCEDURES article in GENERAL INFORMATION
before disconnecting battery.
MANUAL TRANSMISSION
NOTE: For manual transmission replacement procedures, see
appropriate article in CLUTCHES.
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION
DAKOTA & DURANGO
Removal
1) Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support
vehicle. Disconnect and remove necessary skid plates and exhaust
components for transmission removal. Remove engine-to-transmission
struts (if equipped). These struts are located between front of
transmission and engine.
2) Ensure area around transmission oil cooler lines fitting
are clean. Disengage retainer on quick-disconnect cooler line fitting.
Pull cooler line from transmission oil cooler.
CAUTION: Crankshaft position sensor must be removed from transmission
housing before removing transmission to prevent damage to
crankshaft position sensor.
3) Remove starter. Disconnect electrical connector for
crankshaft position sensor. On 2.5L, crankshaft position sensor is
mounted on driver's side of transmission housing. See Fig. 1. On 3.9L,
5.2L and 5.9L, crankshaft position sensor is mounted on passenger's
side of transmission housing. See Fig. 2.
4) Remove crankshaft position sensor bolts or nuts. Remove
crankshaft position sensor from transmission housing. Remove dipstick,
dipstick tube and "O" ring from transmission.
5) Remove torque converter cover. Place reference mark on
flexplate and torque converter for installation reference. Rotate
crankshaft clockwise and remove torque converter bolts.
6) Place reference mark on drive shaft flanges for
installation reference. Remove drive shaft from transmission. On 4WD
models, disconnect drive shaft from transfer case. Disconnect shift
rod for transfer case from transfer case shift lever.
7) On all models, disconnect necessary control cables, wiring
harnesses, and shift linkage or cable from transmission. Support rear
of engine with jack stand. Using transmission jack, slightly raise
transmission to release pressure from rear mount and rear crossmember.
8) Remove bolts securing rear support and rear mount to
transmission and rear crossmember. Raise transmission slightly. Slide
exhaust hanger arm from bracket on rear support. Remove rear support
and rear mount.
9) Remove rear crossmember located below the transmission. On
4WD models, disconnect electrical connectors from transfer case. On

Courtesy of Chrysler Corp.
Installation
1) To install, reverse removal procedure. Ensure torque
converter is fully seated in transmission by measuring distance from
cylinder block surface on transmission housing to front edge on torque
converter bolt lug on front of torque converter. Distance should be .
50" (12.7 mm) if torque converter is fully seated.
CAUTION: Proper length torque converter bolts must be used. If
replacing any torque converter bolts, ensure proper length
bolt is used.
2) Tighten bolt/nuts to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS. Ensure reference mark on torque converter and
flexplate, and drive shaft flanges are aligned. Adjust shift cable or
linkage, throttle valve cable and transfer case shift linkage if
necessary. See AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION - TRUCKS & RWD VANS article.
3) Use NEW "O" ring when installing dipstick tube. Before
installing oil cooler lines on transmission, ensure all fittings are
clean. Install oil cooler line into quick-disconnect fitting. Push oil
cooler line inward until a click is heard. Pull on oil cooler line to
ensure oil cooler line is locked in place. Fill transmission with
Mopar ATF Plus Type 7176.
RAM PICKUP
Removal
1) Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support
vehicle. Disconnect and remove necessary skid plates and exhaust
components for transmission removal. Remove engine-to-transmission
struts (if equipped). These struts are located between front of
transmission and engine.
2) Ensure area around transmission oil cooler lines fitting
are clean. Disengage retainer on quick-disconnect cooler line fitting.
Pull cooler line from transmission oil cooler. Remove starter.
CAUTION: On 3.9L, 5.2L and 5.9L gasoline models, crankshaft position
sensor must be removed from transmission housing before
removing transmission to prevent damage to crankshaft
position sensor.
3) On 3.9L, 5.2L and 5.9L gasoline models, disconnect
electrical connector for crankshaft position sensor. Crankshaft
position sensor is mounted on passenger's side of transmission
housing. See Fig. 2.
4) Remove crankshaft position sensor bolts. Remove crankshaft
position sensor from transmission housing. Remove dipstick, dipstick
tube and "O" ring from transmission.
5) Remove torque converter cover. Place reference mark on
flexplate and torque converter for installation reference. Rotate
crankshaft clockwise and remove torque converter bolts.
6) Place reference mark on drive shaft flanges for
installation reference. Remove drive shaft from transmission. On 4WD
models, disconnect drive shaft from transfer case. Disconnect shift
rod for transfer case from transfer case shift lever.
7) On all models, disconnect necessary control cables, wiring
harnesses, and shift linkage from transmission. Support rear of engine
with jack stand. Using transmission jack, slightly raise transmission
to release pressure from rear mount and rear crossmember.
8) Remove bolts securing rear support and rear mount to
transmission and rear crossmember. Raise transmission slightly. Slide
exhaust hanger arm from bracket on rear support. Remove rear support

and rear mount.
9) Remove rear crossmember located below the transmission. On
4WD models, disconnect electrical connectors from transfer case. On
all models, remove transmission-to-cylinder block bolts. Slide
transmission rearward from dowels on cylinder block.
10) Install "C" clamp on edge of transmission housing to hold
torque converter in place. Lower transmission and remove transmission
from vehicle.
Installation
1) To install, reverse removal procedure. Ensure torque
converter is fully seated in transmission by measuring distance from
cylinder block surface on transmission housing to front edge on torque
converter bolt lug on front of torque converter. Distance should be .
50" (12.7 mm) if torque converter is fully seated.
CAUTION: Proper length torque converter bolts must be used. If
replacing any torque converter bolts, consult parts
department to ensure proper length bolt is used.
2) Tighten bolt/nuts to specification. See TORQUE
SPECIFICATIONS. Ensure reference mark on torque converter and
flexplate, and drive shaft flanges are aligned. Adjust shift linkage,
throttle valve cable and transfer case shift linkage if necessary. See
AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION - TRUCKS & RWD VANS article.
3) Use NEW "O" ring when installing dipstick tube. Before
installing oil cooler lines on transmission, ensure all fittings are
clean. Install oil cooler line into quick-disconnect fitting. Push oil
cooler line inward until a click is heard. Pull on oil cooler line to
ensure oil cooler line is locked in place. Fill transmission with
Mopar ATF Plus Type 7176.
RAM VAN/WAGON
Removal
1) Disconnect negative battery cable. Raise and support
vehicle. Remove engine-to-transmission struts. These struts are
located between front of transmission and engine.
2) Remove starter and oil cooler line bracket. Ensure area
around transmission oil cooler lines fitting are clean. Disengage
retainer on quick-disconnect cooler line fitting. Pull cooler line
from transmission oil cooler.
CAUTION: Crankshaft position sensor must be removed from transmission
housing before removing transmission to prevent damage to
crankshaft position sensor.
3) Disconnect electrical connector for crankshaft position
sensor. Crankshaft position sensor is mounted on passenger's side of
transmission housing. See Fig. 2.
4) Remove crankshaft position sensor bolts. Remove crankshaft
position sensor from transmission housing. Remove dipstick, dipstick
tube and "O" ring from transmission.
5) Remove torque converter cover. Place reference mark on
flexplate and torque converter for installation reference. Rotate
crankshaft clockwise and remove torque converter bolts.
6) Place reference mark on drive shaft yokes for installation
reference. Remove drive shaft from transmission. Disconnect necessary
wiring harnesses and control cables from transmission. Support rear of
engine with hoist. Using transmission jack, slightly raise
transmission to release pressure from rear mount and crossmember.
7) Remove rear mount-to-rear crossmember bolts. Remove bolts
and rear crossmember located below the transmission. Remove engine oil

VEH IC LE C O M MUNIC ATIO N

1999 D odge P ic ku p R 1500
1999 ACCESSORIES & EQUIPMENT
CHRY - Vehicle Communications
Ram Pickup
IDENTIFYING VEHICLE COMMUNICATION PROBLEMS
Connect scan tool to Data Link Connector (DLC) to retrieve
messages. If scan tool message is blank, disconnect scan tool. Ensure
ground circuit has continuity at DLC terminal No. 4. Ensure 12 volts
exists at DLC terminal No. 16. Check power to DLC terminal No. 16 from
Power Distribution Center (PDC) fuse No. 12. Try another scan tool
and/or cable. If scan tool DTC or fault message is present, see
following bus fault messages list and proceed to appropriate DTC or
fault message:
* BUS (+) & BUS (-) OPEN
* BUS (+) OPEN
* BUS (-) OPEN
* BUS (+) & BUS (-) SHORTED TOGETHER
* BUS BIAS LEVEL TOO HIGH
* BUS BIAS LEVEL TOO LOW
* NO BUS BIAS
* NO RESPONSE AIR BAG CONTROL MODULE
* NO RESPONSE CENTRAL TIMER MODULE
* NO RESPONSE INSTRUMENT CLUSTER
* NO RESPONSE POWERTRAIN CONTROL MODULE
* NO RESPONSE COMPASS/MINI-TRIP SYSTEM
* NO RESPONSE RADIO
* NO TERMINATION
* NOT RECEIVING BUS MESSAGES CORRECTLY
* BUS SHORT TO 5 VOLTS
* BUS SHORT TO BATTERY
* BUS SHORT TO GROUND
BUS (+) & BUS (-) OPEN, (BUS (+) OPEN OR BUS (-) OPEN)
NOTE: For connector terminal identification and wiring diagrams,
see BODY CONTROL COMPUTER - INTRODUCTION article. Perform
VERIFICATION TEST VER-1 after each repair.
CAUTION: Always turn ignition off prior to disconnecting any module
connector.
1) Disconnect scan tool. Ensure ignition is on. Using an
external voltmeter, measure voltage between ground and DLC terminal
No. 3 (Violet/Brown wire). If voltage is not 1.8-2.3 volts, go to step\
3). If voltage is 1.8-2.3 volts, go to next step.
2) Measure voltage between ground and DLC terminal No. 11
(White/Black wire). If voltage is not 1.8-2.3 volts, go to next step.
If voltage is 1.8-2.3 volts, replace scan tool cable or scan tool.
3) Connect jumper wire between ground and DLC connector
terminal No. 11 (White/Black wire). Turn ignition off. Remove
instrument cluster. Using external ohmmeter, measure resistance
between ground and instrument cluster connector C1 terminal No. 9
(White/Black wire). If resistance is less than 5 ohms, go to next
step. If resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair open White/Black wire.
4) Disconnect jumper wire. Connect jumper wire between ground
and DLC connector terminal No. 3 (White/Black wire). Measure

ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO 5 VOLTS,
replace CTM. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO 5 VOLTS, go to next
step.
8) Disconnect scan tool from DLC. Using external voltmeter,
measure voltage between ground and DLC connector terminal No. 3
(Violet/Brown wire). If voltage is more than 4 volts, repair
Violet/Brown wire for short to voltage. If voltage is 4 volts or less,
go to next step.
9) Measure voltage between ground and DLC connector terminal
No. 11 (White/Black wire). If voltage is more than 4 volts, repair
White/Black wire for short to voltage. If voltage is less than 4
volts, replace scan tool cable or scan tool as necessary.
10) Turn ignition off. Using external ohmmeter, measure
resistance between Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector C3
terminal No. 30 (Violet/Brown wire) and connector C1 terminal No. 17
(Violet/Black wire). PCM is located at right inner fender. If
resistance is less than 800 ohms, repair short between Violet/Brown
wire and Violet/Black wire. If resistance is 800 ohms or more, go to
next step.
11) Measure resistance between PCM connector C3 terminal No.
28 (White/Black wire) and PCM connector C1 terminal No. 17
(Violet/Black wire). If resistance is less than 800 ohms, repair short\
between Violet/Black and White/Black wires of both connectors. See
wiring diagram for clarification. If resistance is 800 ohms or more,
replace PCM.
BUS SHORT TO BATTERY
NOTE: For connector terminal identification and wiring diagrams,
see BODY CONTROL COMPUTER - INTRODUCTION article. Perform
VERIFICATION TEST VER-1 after each repair.
CAUTION: Always turn ignition off prior to disconnecting any module
connector.
1) Turn ignition off. Disconnect Powertrain Control Module
(PCM). PCM is mounted in right side of firewall. Turn ignition on. If
scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, go to step 10). If
scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, go to next step.
2) Turn ignition off. Disconnect instrument cluster. Turn
ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY,
replace instrument cluster. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO
BATTERY, go to next step.
3) Turn ignition off. Disconnect compass mini-trip computer.
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY,
replace compass mini-trip computer. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO
BATTERY, go to next step.
4) Turn ignition off. Disconnect CCD radio. Turn ignition on.
If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, replace radio. If
scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, go to next step.
5) Turn ignition off and wait 2 minutes. Disconnect Air Bag
Control Module (ACM). ACM is located under center of instrument panel.\
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY,
replace ACM. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, go to next
step.
6) Turn ignition off. Disconnect Central Timer Module (CTM).\
CTM is located under left side of instrument panel. Turn ignition on.
If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, replace CTM. If
scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO BATTERY, go to next step.
7) Turn ignition off. Disconnect anti-lock brake controller
module. Controller module is mounted to top of ABS hydraulic unit.
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO BATTERY,
replace anti-lock brake controller module. If scan tool displays BUS

SHORT TO BATTERY, go to next step.
8) Disconnect scan tool from DLC. Using external voltmeter,
measure voltage between ground and DLC connector terminal No. 3
(Violet/Brown wire). If voltage is more than .2 volt, repair
Violet/Brown wire for short to voltage. If voltage is .2 volt or less,
go to next step.
9) Measure voltage between ground and DLC connector terminal
No. 11 (White/Black wire). If voltage is more than .2 volt, repair
White/Black wire for short to voltage. If voltage is less than .2
volt, replace scan tool cable or scan tool as necessary.
10) Turn ignition off. Using external ohmmeter, measure
resistance between ground and Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
connector C1 terminal No. 31 (Black/Tan wire). PCM is located at right\
inner fender, at corner of firewall. If resistance is less than 10
ohms, go to next step. If resistance is 10 ohms or more, repair open
Black/Tan wire.
11) Measure resistance between ground and PCM connector C1
terminal No. 32 (Black/Tan wire). If resistance is less than 10 ohms,
replace PCM. If resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair open Black/Tan
wire.
BUS SHORT TO GROUND
NOTE: For connector terminal identification and wiring diagrams,
see BODY CONTROL COMPUTER - INTRODUCTION article. Perform
VERIFICATION TEST VER-1 after each repair.
CAUTION: Always turn ignition off prior to disconnecting any module
connector.
1) Turn ignition off. Disconnect Powertrain Control Module
(PCM). PCM is mounted in right side of firewall. Turn ignition on. If
scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND, replace PCM. If scan
tool displays BUS SHORT TO GROUND, go to next step.
2) Turn ignition off. Disconnect anti-lock brake controller
module. Controller module is mounted to top of ABS hydraulic unit.
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND,
replace anti-lock brake controller module. If scan tool displays BUS
SHORT TO GROUND, go to next step.
3) Turn ignition off. Disconnect instrument cluster. Turn
ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND,
replace instrument cluster circuit board. If scan tool displays BUS
SHORT TO GROUND, go to next step.
4) Turn ignition off. Disconnect compass mini-trip computer.
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND,
replace compass mini-trip computer. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO
GROUND, go to next step.
5) Turn ignition off. Disconnect CCD radio. Turn ignition on.
If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND, replace radio. If
scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO GROUND, go to next step.
6) Turn ignition off and wait 2 minutes. Disconnect Air Bag
Control Module (ACM). ACM is located under center of instrument panel.\
Turn ignition on. If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND,
replace ACM. If scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO GROUND, go to next
step.
7) Turn ignition off. Disconnect Central Timer Module (CTM).\
CTM is located under left side of instrument panel. Turn ignition on.
If scan tool does not display BUS SHORT TO GROUND, replace CTM. If
scan tool displays BUS SHORT TO GROUND, go to next step.
8) Disconnect scan tool from DLC. Using external ohmmeter,
measure resistance between ground and DLC connector terminal No. 3
(Violet/Brown wire). If resistance is less than 700 ohms, repair
Violet/Brown wire for short to ground. If resistance is 700 ohms or

The noid light is an excellent "quick and dirty" tool. It can
usually be hooked to a fuel injector harness fast and the flashing
light is easy to understand. It is a dependable way to identify a no-
pulse situation.
However, a noid light can be very deceptive in two cases:
* If the wrong one is used for the circuit being tested.
Beware: Just because a connector on a noid light fits the
harness does not mean it is the right one.
* If an injector driver is weak or a minor voltage drop is
present.
Use the Right Noid Light
In the following text we will look at what can happen if the
wrong noid light is used, why there are different types of noid lights
(besides differences with connectors), how to identify the types of
noid lights, and how to know the right type to use.
First, let's discuss what can happen if the incorrect type of
noid light is used. You might see:
* A dimly flashing light when it should be normal.
* A normal flashing light when it should be dim.
A noid light will flash dim if used on a lower voltage
circuit than it was designed for. A normally operating circuit would
appear underpowered, which could be misinterpreted as the cause of a
fuel starvation problem.
Here are the two circuit types that could cause this problem:
* Circuits with external injector resistors. Used predominately
on some Asian & European systems, they are used to reduce the
available voltage to an injector in order to limit the
current flow. This lower voltage can cause a dim flash on a
noid light designed for full voltage.
* Circuits with current controlled injector drivers (e.g. "Peak
and Hold"). Basically, this type of driver allows a quick
burst of voltage/current to flow and then throttles it back
significantly for the remainder of the pulse width duration.
If a noid light was designed for the other type of driver
(voltage controlled, e.g. "Saturated"), it will appear dim
because it is expecting full voltage/current to flow for the
entire duration of the pulse width.
Let's move to the other situation where a noid light flashes
normally when it should be dim. This could occur if a more sensitive
noid light is used on a higher voltage/amperage circuit that was
weakened enough to cause problems (but not outright broken). A circuit\
with an actual problem would thus appear normal.
Let's look at why. A noid light does not come close to
consuming as much amperage as an injector solenoid. If there is a
partial driver failure or a minor voltage drop in the injector
circuit, there can be adequate amperage to fully operate the noid
light BUT NOT ENOUGH TO OPERATE THE INJECTOR.
If this is not clear, picture a battery with a lot of
corrosion on the terminals. Say there is enough corrosion that the
starter motor will not operate; it only clicks. Now imagine turning on
the headlights (with the ignition in the RUN position). You find they
light normally and are fully bright. This is the same idea as noid
light: There is a problem, but enough amp flow exists to operate the
headlights ("noid light"), but not the starter motor ("injector").
How do you identify and avoid all these situations? By using
the correct type of noid light. This requires that you understanding

full load. The Kent-Moore J-39021 is such a tool, though there are
others. The Kent-Moore costs around $240 at the time of this writing
and works on many different manufacturer's systems.
The second method is to use a lab scope. Remember, a lab
scope allows you to see the regular operation of a circuit in real
time. If an injector is having an short or intermittent short, the lab
scope will show it.
Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
Verifying a fuel injector has the proper voltage to operate
correctly is good diagnostic technique. Finding an open circuit on the
feed circuit like a broken wire or connector is an accurate check with
a DVOM. Unfortunately, finding an intermittent or excessive resistance
problem with a DVOM is unreliable.
Let's explore this drawback. Remember that a voltage drop due
to excessive resistance will only occur when a circuit is operating?
Since the injector circuit is only operating for a few milliseconds at
a time, a DVOM will only see a potential fault for a few milliseconds.
The remaining 90+% of the time the unloaded injector circuit will show
normal battery voltage.
Since DVOMs update their display roughly two to five times a
second, all measurements in between are averaged. Because a potential
voltage drop is visible for such a small amount of time, it gets
"averaged out", causing you to miss it.
Only a DVOM that has a "min-max" function that checks EVERY
MILLISECOND will catch this fault consistently (if used in that mode).\
The Fluke 87 among others has this capability.
A "min-max" DVOM with a lower frequency of checking (100
millisecond) can miss the fault because it will probably check when
the injector is not on. This is especially true with current
controlled driver circuits. The Fluke 88, among others fall into this
category.
Outside of using a Fluke 87 (or equivalent) in the 1 mS "min-\
max" mode, the only way to catch a voltage drop fault is with a lab
scope. You will be able to see a voltage drop as it happens.
One final note. It is important to be aware that an injector
circuit with a solenoid resistor will always show a voltage drop when
the circuit is energized. This is somewhat obvious and normal; it is a
designed-in voltage drop. What can be unexpected is what we already
covered--a voltage drop disappears when the circuit is unloaded. The
unloaded injector circuit will show normal battery voltage at the
injector. Remember this and do not get confused.
Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
Several DVOMs have a feature that allows them to measure
injector on-time (mS pulse width). While they are accurate and fast to\
hookup, they have three limitations you should be aware of:
* They only work on voltage controlled injector drivers (e.g
"Saturated Switch"), NOT on current controlled injector
drivers (e.g. "Peak & Hold").
* A few unusual conditions can cause inaccurate readings.
* Varying engine speeds can result in inaccurate readings.
Regarding the first limitation, DVOMs need a well-defined
injector pulse in order to determine when the injector turns ON and
OFF. Voltage controlled drivers provide this because of their simple
switch-like operation. They completely close the circuit for the
entire duration of the pulse. This is easy for the DVOM to interpret.
The other type of driver, the current controlled type, start
off well by completely closing the circuit (until the injector pintle
opens), but then they throttle back the voltage/current for the
duration of the pulse. The DVOM understands the beginning of the pulse