1998 MITSUBISHI MONTERO steering wheel

ADJUSTMENTS & INSPECTION
WHEEL ALIGNMENT SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES
NOTE: See WHEEL ALIGNMENT SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES article in
WHEEL ALIGNMENT section.
WHEEL BEARING
Preload
1) Using Socket (MB990954) and torque wrench, tighten axle
lock nut to 119 ft. lbs. (162 N.m) on Montero, 94-145 ft. lbs. (127-
196 N.m) on Montero Sport. Loosen nut to 0 ft. lbs. (0 N.m). Retighte\
n
nut to 18 ft. lbs. (25 N.m).
2) Loosen nut 30-40 degrees on Montero, 30 degrees on Montero
Sport. Install lock washer. If lock washer hole is not aligned with
lock nut hole, lock nut may be rotated up to 20 degrees to obtain
alignment. After setting preload, check hub turning resistance and
axial play (4WD only).
Hub Turning Resistance & Axial Play (4WD Only)
1) Using dial indicator, check front hub axial play. Axial
play should be 0.002" (0.05 mm) or less. Using INCH-lb. torque wrench
or spring scale attached to wheel stud, measure hub turning
resistance. Turning resistance should be 1.1-4.0 lbs. (5-18 N) on
Montero or 0.9-4.3 lbs. (4-19 N) on Montero Sport if measured using
spring scale, or 2.6-11.3 INCH lbs. (0.3-1.3 N.m) on both models if
measured using torque wrench.
2) Adjust wheel bearing so turning resistance and axial play
are within specification. If turning resistance and axial play cannot
be adjusted to specification, check wheel bearing condition and
installation.
Drive Axle End Play (4WD Only)
Install drive axle shim and snap ring. Push drive shaft in
toward knuckle. Measure clearance between drive flange and shim with a
feeler gauge. If clearance is not 0.016-0.028" (0.4-0.7 mm) replace
shim to bring clearance into specification.
BALL JOINT CHECKING
Lower Ball Joint
Place ball joint in soft-jawed vise. Install dial indicator
with stem resting on end of ball joint stud. Measure ball joint stud
end play. Replace ball joint if end play exceeds 0.012" (0.3 mm). For
ball joint replacement, see LOWER BALL JOINT under
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION .
Upper Ball Joint
1) Disconnect ball joint from steering knuckle. Place nut on
ball joint stud. Using INCH-lb. torque wrench, measure starting torque
required to rotate ball joint stud.
2) Starting torque should be 7-30 INCH lbs. (0.8-3.5 N.m).
Replace ball joint if starting torque is not within specification. For
ball joint replacement, see UPPER BALL JOINT under
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION .
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION
AXLE HUB ASSEMBLY

Removal
Raise and support vehicle. Remove wheel assembly. Remove hub
cap. Remove snap ring and shim. Remove drive flange. Remove brake
caliper and suspend with wire. On vehicles with ABS, remove ABS speed
sensor. On all models, remove lock washer. Remove lock nut using
Socket (MB990954). See Fig. 2. Remove front rotor and hub assembly.
Installation
To install, reverse removal procedure. Adjust wheel bearing
preload and check drive shaft endplay. See ADJUSTMENTS.
Fig. 2: Exploded View Of Hub Assembly (Montero Sport Shown, Montero
Similar)
Courtesy of Mitsubishi Motor Sales of America.
STEERING KNUCKLE
Removal
1) Raise and support vehicle. Remove wheel assembly. Remove
brake caliper. Remove axle hub assembly. See AXLE HUB ASSEMBLY under
REMOVAL & INSTALLATION . Remove brake dust cover from steering knuckle.
If equipped with ABS, remove ABS speed sensor.
2) On all models, disconnect tie rod end from steering
knuckle. Mark torsion bar adjusting nut for installation reference.
Loosen torsion bar anchor arm assembly adjusting nut. Loosen, but DO
NOT remove, ball joint-to-steering knuckle nuts.
3) Using Steering Linkage Puller (MB991406), separate ball
joints from steering knuckle. Detach upper and lower ball joints from
steering knuckle. Remove steering knuckle from axle shaft. Remove oil

seal and spacer from steering knuckle.
Inspection
Inspect steering knuckle for cracks. Inspect spindle for wear
and heat damage.
Installation
1) If needle bearing needs replacement, drive bearing from
steering knuckle. Use Bearing Driver (MB990956-01) and Handle
(MB9909938-01) to install NEW needle bearing until it is even with
steering knuckle end face.
NOTE: DO NOT reuse steering knuckle needle bearing if it is
removed.
2) Lubricate bearing roller surface and spacer-to-steering
knuckle contact areas. Install spacer with chamfered side toward
inside of vehicle. Using Seal Installer (MB990985-01) and handle,
install seal in steering knuckle until seal is even with steering
knuckle end face. Apply grease to seal lip area and inside of seal. To
complete installation, reverse removal procedure. Tighten bolts to
specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS .
LOWER BALL JOINT
Removal
1) Raise and support vehicle. Remove skid plate (if
equipped). Remove wheel assembly. Mark torsion bar adjusting nut for
reassembly reference. Release torsion bar tension.
2) Loosen, but DO NOT remove, lower ball joint stud nut.
Using Steering Linkage Puller (MB991406), separate ball joint from
steering knuckle. Remove ball joint stud nut. Remove ball joint-to-
lower control arm bolts. Remove ball joint.
Installation
Lubricate ball joint. To complete installation, reverse
removal procedure. Tighten bolts to specification. See
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS .
LOWER CONTROL ARM
Removal
1) Raise and support vehicle. Remove wheel assembly. Remove
front skid plate and undercover (if equipped). Remove bump stop and
bump stop bracket. Remove heat shield (if equipped). Remove torsion
bar. See TORSION BAR . Loosen, but DO NOT remove, lower ball joint-to-
steering knuckle nut. Using Steering Linkage Puller (MB991406),
separate lower ball joint from steering knuckle. Support with cord
tied to nearby part.
2) Remove stabilizer bar bolt from control arm. Remove shock
absorber mounting bolts. Remove ball joint stud nut from steering
knuckle. Remove control arm shaft. See Fig. 1. Remove torque arm.
Remove bump stopper and lower control arm. Remove lower ball joint
from lower control arm.
Inspection
1) Inspect control arm for cracks and deformation. Check ball
joints. See BALL JOINT CHECKING under ADJUSTMENTS & INSPECTION.
2) Inspect ball joint dust covers for damage. Replace damaged
dust covers. Inspect control arm bushing and frame bracket bushing for
damage. Replace bushings if necessary.
NOTE: Differential carrier may require detachment in order to

FINAL ANCHOR ARM BOLT PROTRUSION








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Application/ Right Bolt Left Bolt
Model In. (mm) In. (mm\
)
Montero ................... 3.15 (80.0) .............. 3.15 (80.0\
)









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4) To complete installation, reverse removal procedure.
Tighten bolts to specification. See TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS. Check
riding height and front wheel alignment. See WHEEL ALIGNMENT
SPECIFICATIONS & PROCEDURES article in WHEEL ALIGNMENT section.
UPPER BALL JOINT
Removal
1) Raise and support vehicle. Remove wheel assembly. Mark
torsion bar adjusting nut for reassembly reference. Release torsion
bar tension. Loosen, but DO NOT remove, upper ball joint-to-steering
knuckle nut.
2) Using Steering Linkage Puller (MB991406), separate ball
joint from steering knuckle. Remove ball joint nut from steering
knuckle. Remove ball joint-to-upper control arm bolts. Remove ball
joint.
Installation
Lubricate ball joint. To complete installation, reverse
removal procedure. Tighten bolts to specification. See
TORQUE SPECIFICATIONS .
SHOCK ABSORBER & UPPER CONTROL ARM
Removal
1) Disconnect actuator on vehicles with Variable Shock
Absorbers. On all models, raise and support vehicle. Support lower
control arm using jackstand. Remove front wheels. Remove lower shock
absorber bolt. Remove nut from top of shock absorber and remove shock
assembly from vehicle.
2) Remove the bump stop from the bump stop bracket. Mark
anchor arm bolt for reassembly reference. Loosen anchor arm bolt to
release torsion bar tension. Disconnect and plug brake hose at frame
mount bracket.
3) Remove cotter pin from upper ball joint stud. Loosen, but
DO NOT remove, ball joint stud nut. Using Steering Linkage Puller
(MB991406), loosen ball joint from steering knuckle. Remove brake hose\
clip and rebound stopper. Remove rebound stopper and brake hose
support from control arm.
4) Remove ABS sensor bracket (if equipped) and rebound
stoppers. Remove upper control arm mounting bolts and shim(s). Note
direction of bolt installation and locations of camber adjustment
shims. Remove control arm. Remove upper ball joint from control arm.
Inspection
Inspect control arm for cracks and deformation. Check ball
joints. See BALL JOINT CHECKING under ADJUSTMENTS & INSPECTION.
Inspect ball joint dust cover for damage, and replace cover as
necessary.
Installation
1) To install, reverse removal procedure. Install control arm
bolts from outside of frame, with nuts against control arm. Install
the upper control with the marking "OUT" on shaft facing outside of
vehicle.

* SUSPENSION UNIFORM INSPECTION GUIDELINES *
1998 Mitsubishi Montero
GENERAL INFORMATION
Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels and Tires
Motorist Assurance Program
Standards For Automotive Repair
All Makes and Models
INTRODUCTION TO MOTORIST ASSURANCE PROGRAM (MAP)
CONTENTS
Motorist Assurance Program (MAP)
OVERVIEW
OVERVIEW OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS & SUGGESTIONS
Steering and Suspension
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - AIR SHOCKS AND AIR STRUTS
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - AIR SPRING VALVES
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - AIR SPRINGS
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - COMPRESSORS
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - HEIGHT SENSORS
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - MODULES
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - RELAYS (COMPRESSOR)
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - SWITCHES (ON/OFF)
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - TORSION SPRINGS (COUNTER BALANCING)
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - TUBING
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - WARNING LAMPS
AIR RIDE SUSPENSION - WIRING HARNESSES
BALL JOINTS
BUSHINGS
CENTER LINKS
CONTROL ARM SHAFTS
CONTROL ARMS
DRAG LINKS
ELECTRONIC RIDE CONTROL SHOCKS AND STRUTS
IDLER ARMS
KING PINS
PITMAN ARMS
POWER STEERING HOSES
POWER STEERING (HYDRAULIC) PUMPS
RADIUS ARMS
RELAY RODS
SHOCK ABSORBERS, STRUT CARTRIDGES AND STRUT ASSEMBLIES
SPINDLES
SPRINGS - COIL, LEAF AND TORSION BAR
STEEL POWER STEERING LINES
STEERING ARMS
STEERING DAMPERS
STEERING GEARS (EXCEPT RACK AND PINION)
STEERING GEARS - RACK AND PINION
STEERING KNUCKLES
STRIKE OUT BUMPERS
STRUT RODS
STRUT UPPER BEARING PLATE ASSEMBLIES
SWAY BAR LINKS
SWAY BARS

TIE ROD ENDS (INNER AND OUTER)
TRACK BARS
TRAILING ARMS
WHEEL BEARINGS, RACES AND SEALS
Wheel Alignment
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Wheels and Tires
TIRES
VALVE STEMS
WHEEL ATTACHMENT HARDWARE
WHEELS (RIMS)
MOTORIST ASSURANCE PROGRAM (MAP)
OVERVIEW
The Motorist Assurance Program is the consumer outreach
effort of the Automotive Maintenance and Repair Association, Inc.
(AMRA). Participation in the Motorist Assurance Program is drawn from
retailers, suppliers, independent repair facilities, vehicle
manufacturers and industry associations.
Our organization's mission is to strengthen the relationship
between the consumer and the auto repair industry. We produce
materials that give motorists the information and encouragement to
take greater responsibility for their vehicles-through proper,
manufacturer-recommended, maintenance. We encourage participating
service and repair shops (including franchisees and dealers) to adopt
1) a Pledge of Assurance to their Customers and 2) the Motorist
Assurance Program Standards of Service. All participating service
providers have agreed to subscribe to this Pledge and to adhere to the
promulgated Standards of Service demonstrating to their customers that
they are serious about customer satisfaction.
These Standards of Service require that an inspection of the
vehicle's (problem) system be made and the results communicated to the\
customer according to industry standards. Given that the industry did
not have such standards, the Motorist Assurance Program successfully
promulgated industry inspection communication standards in 1994-95 for
the following systems: Exhaust, Brakes, ABS, Steering and Suspension,
Engine Maintenance and Performance, HVAC, and Electrical Systems.
Further, revisions to all of these inspection communication standards
are continually re-published. In addition to these, standards for
Drive Train and Transmissions have recently been promulgated.
Participating shops utilize these Uniform Inspection & Communication
Standards as part of the inspection process and for communicating
their findings to their customers.
The Motorist Assurance Program continues to work
cooperatively and proactively with government agencies and consumer
groups toward solutions that both benefit the customer and are
mutually acceptable to both regulators and industry. We maintain the
belief that industry must retain control over how we conduct our
business, and we must be viewed as part of the solution and not part
of the problem. Meetings with state and other government officials
(and their representatives), concerned with auto repair and/or
consumer protection, are conducted. Feedback from these sessions is
brought back to the association, and the program adjusted as needed.
To assure auto repair customers recourse if they were not
satisfied with a repair transaction, the Motorist Assurance Program
offers mediation and arbitration through MAP/BBB-CARE and other non-

profit organizations. MAP conducted pilot programs in twelve states
before announcing the program nationally in October, 1998. During the
pilots, participating repair shops demonstrated their adherence to the
Pledge and Standards and agreed to follow the UICS in communicating
the results of their inspection to their customers. To put some
"teeth" in the program, an accreditation requirement for shops was
initiated. The requirements are stringent, and a self-policing method
has been incorporated which includes the "mystery shopping" of
outlets.
We welcome you to join us as we continue our outreach... with
your support, both the automotive repair industry and your customers
will reap the benefits. Please visit MAP at our Internet site www.
motorist.org or contact us at:
1444 I Street, NW Suite 700
Washington, DC 20005
Phone (202) 712-9042 Fax (202) 216-9646
January 1999
MAP UNIFORM INSPECTION GENERAL GUIDELINES
OVERVIEW OF SERVICE REQUIREMENTS & SUGGESTIONS
It is MAP policy that all exhaust, brake, steering,
suspension, wheel alignment, drive-line, engine performance and
maintenance, and heating, ventilation and air conditioning, and
electrical services be offered and performed under the standards and
procedures specified in these sections.
Before any service is performed on a vehicle, an inspection
of the appropriate system must be performed. The results of this
inspection must be explained to the customer and documented on an
inspection form. The condition of the vehicle and its components will
indicate what services/part replacements may be "Required" or
"Suggested". In addition, suggestions may be made to satisfy the
requests expressed by the customer.
When a component is suggested or required to be repaired or
replaced, the decision to repair or replace must be made in the
customer's best interest, and at his or her choice given the options
available.
This section lists the various parts and conditions that
indicate a required or suggested service or part replacement.
Although this list is extensive, it is not fully inclusive. In
addition to this list, a technician may make a suggestion. However,
any suggestions must be based on substantial and informed experience,
or the vehicle manufacturer's recommended service interval and must be
documented.
Some conditions indicate that service or part replacement is
required because the part in question is no longer providing the
function for which it is intended, does not meet a vehicle
manufacturer's design specification or is missing.
Example:
An exhaust pipe has corroded severely and has a hole in it
through which exhaust gases are leaking. Replacement of the
exhaust pipe in this case is required due to functional
failure.
Example:
A brake rotor has been worn to the point where it measures
less than the vehicle manufacturer's discard specifications.
Replacement of the rotor is required because it does not meet
design specifications.

if possible. If proper
adjustment cannot be obtained,
require repair or replacement
of worn component.
Wheel bearing race
is loose in the
hub bore ............... A ...... Require replacement of hub
assembly and wheel bearings.
Wheel bearing races
are pitted ............. A .. Require replacement of bearing
assembly.
Wheel bearing races
are worn ............... A .. Require replacement of bearing
assembly.
Wheel bearing rollers
are pitted ............. A .. Require replacement of bearing
assembly.
Wheel bearing rollers
are worn ............... A .. Require replacement of bearing
assembly.









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WHEEL ALIGNMENT
WHEEL ALIGNMENT
Wheel alignment is defined as the measurement, analysis, and
adjustment of steering and suspension angles to conform to OEM
specifications. These angles usually include, but are not limited to:
caster, camber, toe, and thrust angle. Where these angles are not
adjustable and not in specification, component replacement or
correction kits may be required. Errors in set-back and steering axis
inclination (SAI) are often attributable to failed or damaged
components and must be corrected prior to performing an alignment.
Failure to replace or correct suggested parts or service may
prevent a proper alignment.
Before performing an alignment check, inspect and verify the
following:
* Tire pressure and size
* Vehicle loading
* Ride height
* Steering and suspension parts
If the inspection reveals that all the above are within
published specifications, a wheel alignment check and an alignment, if
needed, may be performed.
CAUTION: Under no circumstances should a technician bend or heat
any steering or suspension component, unless specified by
the vehicle manufacturer, for example, Ford forged twin
"I" beam axles. All measurements and specifications must
be noted on the inspection report.
WHEEL ALIGNMENT INSPECTION









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Condition Code Procedure
Dog tracking, shown
to be caused by
faulty alignment ....... 2 ................ Suggest repair.
Lead, shown to