1998 JAGUAR X308 Steering column

Buzz (E
lectrical)
A
different steering buzz can be caused by
pulse width modulated (PWM) electric actuators used in variable assist steering
systems. This buzz is felt by turning the ignition key to run without starting the engine and holding onto the steering wheel.
In extreme cases, the buzz can be felt with the engine running also.
Column/Steering Wheel
Shake
Column shake is a low f
requenc
y vertical vibration excited by primary engine vibrations.
Nibble (Shimm
y)
Steeri
ng nibble is a rotary oscillation or
vibration of the steering wheel, which can be excited at a specific vehicle speed.
Nibble is driven by wheel and tire imbalance exciting a suspensi on recession mode, which then translates into steering gear
travel and finally steering wheel nibble.
Shudder (Judd
er)
Shudder i
s a low frequency oscillation of th
e entire steering system (tire, wheels, st eering gear and linkage, etc.) when the
vehicle is steered during static-park or at low sp eeds. Shudder is very dependent on road surface.
Torque Ri
pple
Torque rippl
e is a concern with Electric Power Steering (EPS) sy
stems. Torque ripple is most evident at static-park steering
the wheel very slowly from lock to lock. Torque ripple is primarily caused by motor commutation.
Torque/Veloc
ity Variation
(Phasing/Effort Cycling)
Steeri
ng wheel torque variation oc
curring twice in one revolution is normally as a result of problems with the lower steering
column (intermediate shaft), but foul cond itions generally result in either constant stiffnes s or single point stiffness.
Depending upon the orientation of the joints, the steering can fe el asymmetric (torque falling off in one direction and rising
in the other) or else it can simply have pronounced peaks and troughs as the steering moves from lock to lock.
Wheel Fight
(Kick Back)
W
heel fight is excess feedback of sudden road forces through th
e steering system and back to the driver. It is evaluated at
all vehicle speeds over cobblestones, rough roads, and potholes . The tires, wheels, and suspension generate forces into the
steering systems. Steering friction, hydraulic damping, hydr aulic compliance, mechanical compliance, steering ratio, and
assist gain all affect how much is transmitted to the driver.
Stee
ring Linkage
CAUTI
ON: Steering gear boots must be
handled carefully to avoid damage. Use new clamps when installing steering
gear boots.
Inspect the boots for cuts, deterioration, tw isting or distortion. Check the steering gear boots to make sure they are tight.
Install new boots or clamps as necessary.
• NOTE: The following steps must be carried out with assistance.
1. 1. With the wheels in the straight ahead po sition, gently turn the steering wheel to the left and the right to check for
free play.
2. 2. Free play should be between 0 and 6 mm (0 and 0.24 in) at the steering wheel rim. If the free play exceeds this
limit, either the ball joints are worn, the lower steering column joints are worn or the backlash of the steering gear
is excessive.

3.CAUT
ION: DO NOT attempt to adjust the
steering gear yoke. Failure to follow this instruction will result in the
steering gear warranty to become invalid.
3. The backlash of the steering gear cannot be adjusted, in stall a new steering gear. For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-02
Power Steering
.
4. 4. Grasp the steering wheel firm
ly and move it up an
d down and to the left and right without turning the wheel to
check for column bearing wear, steering wheel or steering column. For additional information,
REFER to Section 211
-04
Steering Column
.

Stee
ring System - General Informat
ion - Steering Gear Centralizing
Gen
eral Procedures
Rack Al

ignment Markers



1.
The steering rack should al
ways
be centralized prior to steering
column or suspension geometry adjustment.
Central
ization of the steering ra
ck is achieved by aligning
the marker on the centralizing cap with a locator on the
pinion housing.

Righ
t-hand drive vehicles
All vehicles

7. De
tach the steering
column lower shaft.
1. Loosen the steering column lower shaft retaining bolt.
2. Remove and discard the st eering column lower shaft
retaining bolt.
3. Detach the steering column lower shaft.

8. Di
sconnect the steering gear transducer electrical connector.

9. Cut an
d discard the stee
ring gear transducer harness tie-strap.

10
.
Cut and discard the power steeri ng return pipe tie-strap.
11. Detach the power steering re turn pipe from the mounting
rubber.

Locate the ti
e rod end into the steering arm.
Inst

all a new nut.
Tigh

ten the nut to 22-28 Nm.

12
.
NOTE: Make sure the steering wheel and wheel and tire
assemblies are in the straight ah ead position before fitting the
steering column lower shaft.
Attach the steering column lower shaft.
1. Attach the steering column lower shaft.
2. Install the steering column lower shaft retaining bolt.
1. Tighten to 28 - 34 Nm
.
3

. Tighten to 28 - 34 Nm.
13. Fit a new power steering fluid re servoir, refill with new power
steering fluid and blee d air from the system.
For additional information, refer to: Power Steering System
Fillin
g and Bleeding

(211-00 Steering System - General
Information, Gene ral Procedures).
14. Check and adjust the front toe.
For additional information, refer to: Front Toe Adjustment

(204-00 Suspen
sion System -
General Information, General
Procedures).

Steering Column -
Torques



Comp

onent
Nm
Upper
steering column upp
er fixings
22
-
28
S
t
eering wheel to column securing bolt
34
-
46
Upper
bracket
to body screws
22
-
28
Upper
steering colu mn lower fi
xings
17
-
23
Lower steeri
ng col
umn pinch bolts (upper and lower)
28
-
34
U
pper
and lower cowl securing screws
1.
5 (
nominal)
D
river ai
r bag fixings
4 -
5
Colum
n switchgear to column
4 -
5

Steering Column - Steering Column
Description an
d Operation
Stee

ring Wheel

T
he steering wheel assembly incorporates:
The s

peed control switchpack.
The i

n-car entertainment (ICE) switchpack.
The h

orn pad.
The driver ai

r bag module; refer to Section
501
-20A Safety Belt
System
Sectio
n
501
-2
0B Supplemental Restraint
Sy

stem
.
I

CE Switchpack

The
in-car entertainment (ICE) switchpack is installed to the le
ft of the steering wheel center, controlling the ICE functions
and telephone (where fitted). The switchpack overrides the corresponding bu ttons on the ICE control panel and performs
the following functions:
1. 1. Increase the volume of the select ed audio output or telephone.
It
em
Par
t Number
De
scription
1-Spe

ed control switchpack
2-I

CE switchpack
3-Horn pad
4-Air bag lo

cation
It

em
Par
t Number
De
scription
1-Vol

ume increase

2-ICE func
tions/teleph
one mode select
3-Volum
e decrease
4-ICE pres

ets/telephone memory select

The driver air bag is moun
ted below the horn operat
ing pad area, adjacent to the steering wheel hub.
For air bag safety and service information, refer to Section 501
-20A Safety Belt
System
Sectio
n
501
-2
0B Supplemental
Re

straint System
.
Upper Steering Column


Motorized Upper Colu
mn Assembly

The motorized upper steering column:
Is adjustable for both til
t and reach.
Has a col

umn adjustment switch installed on
the left-hand side of the lower cowl.
W
ill automatically move to the uppermost tilt and innermost reach position, when the automatic driver entry and exit

function is selected.
Has an instrument li
ghti
ng dimmer switch installed on the left-hand side of the lower cowl.
The steering column adjustment switch:
Controls steeri
ng column reach by
movement of the switch towards an d away from the steering wheel.
Controls steeri
ng column tilt by mo
vement of the switch up and down.
Has two
rotary positions, AUTO and OFF, for selecting the
automatic entry and exit steering column tilt function.
It
em
Par
t Number
De
scription
1-Upper

cowl

2-Lower cowl
3-Ste
ering column adjustment switch
4-Di

mmer switch