1994 MAZDA MX-5 oil pressure

N ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING PREPARATION SST For removal of tie-rod end For installation of tie-rod end boot 49 01 1 8 850C Puller, ball joint Installer, boot For inspection of power steering fluid pressure For inspection of power steering fluid pressure - --- - - Gauge (Part of 49 1232 670A) Gauge set, power steering For inspection of power steering fluid pressure For inspection of power steering fluid pressure 49 H002 671 Adapter, power steering gauge dP--= &--- Valve body (Part of 49 1232 670A) For removal and installation of upper bearing For pressurize oil seal For removal of backup ring and oil seal For inspection of power steering fluid pressure 49 DO32 306 Support block For removal of upper bearing For pressurize oil seal For removal of backup ring and oil seal 49 DO32 304 Installer, oil seal and bearing Handle / For installtion of oil seal and center bearing 49 DO32 301 Installer body, oil seal and bearing 49 NO32 303 Remover, backup ring and oil seal 49 DO32 31 6 Protractor For removal of oil seal and center bearing For installation of adjusting cover 49 DO32 307 Remover, oil seal and bearing For installtion of oil seal 49 DO32 303 Attachment For installation of center bearing Attachment Gartner Banana

N ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE Steering feels heavy - - Poor lubrication, foreign material, or abnormal wear of steering ball joint Stuck or damaged lower arm ball joints lmproper steering pinion preload Damaged steering gear Malfunctioning steering shaft joint Problem I lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment Possible Cause 1 Malfunctioning steering gear lncorrect tire pressure Loose or damaged oil pump drive belt Low fluid level or air in fluid I Leakage of fluid I Insufficient oil pump pressure Steering wheel pulls lncorrect tire pressure to one side Unevenly worn tires ( Weak front spring General instability while driving Worn or damaged stabilizer and/or upper or lower arm bushing Dragging brake Loose lower arm lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment lncorrect tire pressure Damaged or unbalanced wheel Worn or damaged steering joint(s) lmproper steering pinion preload Weak front coil spring Worn or damaged stabilizer and/or upper or lower arm bushing Malfunctioning shock absorber Cracked or worn engine mount Cracked or worn transmission mount Shake (Steering wheel vibrates up/ down) Shimmy (Steering wheel vibrates left1 right) lmproperly adjusted wheel alignment Excessive tire and/or wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel(s) Excessive steering wheel play Poor steering wheel return Cracked or worn steering gear mount Loose steering gear mounting bolts Stuck or damaged steering ball joint Excessive tire and/or wheel runout Loose lug nuts Unbalanced wheel@) lncorrect tire pressure Unevenly worn tires Malfunctioning shock absorber Loose shock absorber mounting bolts Stuck or damaged lower arm ball joint Cracked or worn suspension bushings Damaged or worn front wheel bearing lmproperly adjusted front wheel alignment Worn steering gear Worn or damaged steering joints Worn or damaged lower arm bushing Loose steering gear mounting bolts Worn linkage or tie-rod ball joint lncorrect tire pressure Stuck or damaged steering joints lmproperly adjusted front wheel alignment lmproper steering pinion preload Ball joint not operating smoothly Steering shaft contacting something Action Lubricate or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Adjust Replace Adjust Adjust or replace Add fluid or bleed air Repair or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Repair Tighten or replace Adjust Adjust Adjust or replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Adjust Replace Tighten Adjust or replace Replace Replace Replace Tighten Replace Replace Tighten Adjust or replace Adjust Replace Replace Tighten Replace Replace Replace Adjust Replace Replace Replace Tighten Replace Adjust Replace Adjust Adjust Replace Repair Pagelsection N-25 section R N-32 N-25 N- 9 section R N-25 section Q N-37 N-21,22 - N-34 section Q section Q section R section R section P section R section R section Q section Q N- 9 N-32 section R section R section R section R section Q section Q section Q section B section J N-26 N-25 N-25 section Q section Q section Q section Q section Q section R section R section R section R section M section R N-25 N- 9 section R N-25 N-25 section Q N- 9 section R N-32 N-25 N- 9 Gartner Banana

ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING N TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE (CONT'D) Possible Cause I Problem Abnormal noise from steering system Loose oil pump Loose steering gear Loose oil pump bracket Drive belt loosettight Air in system Malfunctioning steering gear Malfunctioning oil pump Obstruction near steering column or pressure hose Loose steering linkage Worn steering joints Action Tighten Tighten Tighten Adjust Bleed air Replace Replace Repair or replace Tighten or replace Replace PageISection section B N-25 N- 9 N- 9 25UONX41 AIR BLEEDING 1. Check the fluid level. (Refer to page N-22.) 2. Turn the steering wheel fully to the left and right several times with the engine not running. 3. Recheck the fluid level. If it has dropped, add fluid. 4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the fluid level stabilizes. 5. Start the engine and let it idle. 6. Turn the steering wheel fully to the left and right several times. 7. Verify that the fluid is not foamy and that the fluid level has not dropped. 8. Add fluid if necessary, and repeat steps 6 and 7. Gartner Banana

ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING N THERMOMETER GAUGE (50"--60°C (1 22-1 40°F)) / THERMOMETER GAUGE (50"--60°C {I 22-140°F)) / Fluid pressure 1. Assemble the SST as shown in the figure. Tightening torque: 40-49 N-m i4.0-5.0 kgf-m, 2%--36 ft.lbf) 2. Mark both hose connections to ensure that the hose is reinstalled in its original position. 3. Disconnect the pressure hose from the oil pump. Attach the SST. 4. Bleed the air from the system. (Refer to page N-21.) 5. Open the gauge valve fully. Start the engine and turn the steering wheel fully left and right to raise the fluid temper- ature to 50-60°C (122-140°F). Caution Do not let the valve stay closed for more than 5 seconds. The increase in fluid temperature will damage the oil pump. 6. Close the gauge valve completely. Increase the engine speed to 1,000-1,500 rpm and measure the fluid pres- sure generated by the oil pump. If the pressure is not within specification, replace the oil pump assembly. Oil pump fluid pressure: 7,601--8,335 kPa (77.5--85.0 kgf/cm2, 1 ,I 03-1,208 psi) 7. Open the gauge valve fully and increase the engine speed to 1,000-1,500 rpm. Gartner Banana

N ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING Caution Never hold the steering wheel to the extreme left or right for more than five seconds with the engine running. This could damage the power steering d pump- 8. Turn the steering wheel fully to the left and right and measure the fluid pressure generated by the gear hous- ing. If the pressure is not within specification, replace the gear housing assembly. Gear housing fluid pressure: 7,601--8,335 kPa (77.545.0 kgflcm2, 1,103-1,208 psi) 9. Remove the gauge set. Install and tighten the pressure hose to the specified torque. Tightening torque: 3247 N.m (3.24.8 kgf.m, 24--34 ft.lbf} 10. Bleed the air from the system. (Refer to page N-21.) STEERING WHEEL AND COLUMN Obtain the code number and deactivate the audio anti- theft system before disconnecting the battery. (Refer to section T.) On-vehicle Inspection -1 Steering wheel effort 1. With the vehicle on a hard, level surface, put the wheels in the straight-ahead position. 2. Start the engine and warm the power steering fluid to 50--60°C (1 22-1 40°F). 3. With the engine running at idle, attach a pull scale to the outermost point of the steering wheel spoke. Then, starting with the wheels in the straight-ahead posi- tion, measure the effort required to turn the steering wheel to the left and to the right. Steering wheel effort: 2635 N (2.63.6 kgf, 5.3-7.9 Ibf) (during one turn of the steering wheel) 2 4. If not within specification, check the following: fluid level, air in system, fluid leakage at hose or connections, func- tion of oil pump and steering gear, and tire pressure. Gartner Banana

ENGINE SPEED SENSING POWER STEERING N POWER STEERING OIL PUMP Removal / Installation 1. Remove in the order shown in the figure, referring to Removal Note. u 2. Install in the reverse order of removal. 3. After installation: (1) Check connections for fluid leakage. (Refer to page N-22.) (2) Bleed air from the system. (Refer to page N-21.) 1. Drive belt 3. Press~~re pipe ................... ............... w Inspection page N-37 Removal Note page N-34 Adjustment .................. page N-38 4. Return hose Replacement ................ page N-38 5. Power steering oil pump 2. Power steering pressure switch connector Gartner Banana

BRAKE SYSTEM P BRAKE SYSTEM PREPARATION - SST Wrench, flare nut 49 0221 600C Expand tool, disc brake 49 8043 001 Adjust gauge 49 8043 004 Wrench, socket Gauge, oil pressure (Part of 49 U043 OAO) - 49 U043 006 Hose (Part of 49 U043 OAO) For removal and installation brake PIPS For installation of disc pads 49 F043 001 Adjust gauge For Adjustment of push rod clearance For adjustment of push rod clearance 49 0208 701 A Boot air out tool For adjustment of push rod clearance For inspection of brake fluid pressure For removal of piston seal 49 8043 003 Lock tool, turning For inspection of brake fluid pressure For adjustment of push rod clearance 49 U043 OAO Gauge set, oil pressure & - For inspection of brake fluid pressure 49 U043 005 Joint (Part of ,-, 49 U043 OAO) For inspection of brake fluid pressure Gartner Banana

BRAKE SYSTEM TROUBLESHOOTING GUIDE Problem Poor braking Brakes pull to one side Brakes do not release Pedal goes too far (Too much pedal stroke) Abnormal noise or vibra- tion durlng braking Possible cause Leakage of brake fluid Air in lines Worn pad Brake fluid, grease, oil, or water on pad Hardening of pad surface or poor contact Malfunction of disc brake piston Malfunction of master cylinder Malfunction of power brake unit Malfunction of check valve (vacuum hose) Damaged vacuum hose Deterioration of flexible hose Malfunction of proportioning bypass valve (PBV) Worn pad Brake fluid, grease, oil, or water on pad Hardening of pad surface or poor contact Abnormal wear, distortion, or eccentricity of disc Malfunction of automatic adjuster in rear brake Looseness or deformation of dust cover mounting bolt Malfunction of disc brake piston Worn or improperly adjusted wheel bearing preload lmproper adjustment of wheel alignment Unequal tire air pressure No brake pedal play lmproper adjustment of push rod clearance Clogged master cylinder return port Pad not returning properly lmproper return of malfunction of brake caliper piston Excessive runout of disc plate lmproper adjustment of wheel bearing preload Air in system because of insufficient brake fluid lmproper adjustment of pedal play Worn pad Air in lines Worn pad Deterioration of pads Brakes do not release Foreign material or scratches on disc plate contact surface Looseness of caliper mounting bolt(s) Damage or deviation of disc contact surface Poor contact of pads Insufficient grease on sliding parts Action Repair Air bleed Replace Clean or replace Grind or replace Replace Repair or replace Repair or replace Repair or replace Replace Replace Replace Replace Clean or replace Grind or replace Repair or replace Repair Tighten or replace Repair or replace Replace or adjust Adjust Adjust Adjust Adjust Clean Repair Replace Replace Adjust or replace Add fluid and bleed air Adjust Replace Bleed air Replace Grind or replace Repair Clean Tighten Replace Repair or replace Apply grease Page - P- 7 P-25,29 P-25,29 P-25,29 P-28,32 P-11, 14 P-22 P-22 P-22 P- 7 P-23,24 P-25,29 P-25,29 P-25,29 section M - section M P-28,32 section M section R section Q P- 9 P-l2,15 - - P-28,32 section M section M P- 7 P- 9 P-25,29 P- 7 P-25,29 P-25,29 - - P-26,30 section M P-25,29 - 15UOPX-00 Gartner Banana