1993 CHEVROLET CAVALIER steering wheel

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Your Driving and the Road
Loss of Control
Let’s review what driving experts say
about what happens when the three
control systems (brakes,‘ steering and
acceleration) don’t have enough friction
where the tires meet
the road to do what
the driver has asked.
In any emergency, don’t give up. Keep
trying
to steer and constantly seek an
escape route or area of less danger.
I42
Skidding
In a skid, a driver can lose control of
the vehicle. Defensive drivers avoid
most skids
by taking reasonable care
suited
to existing conditions, and by not
“overdriving” those conditions.
But
skids are always possible.
The three types of skids correspond
to
your Chevrolet’s three control systems.
In the braking skid your wheels aren’t
rolling. In the steering
or cornering
skid, too much speed or steering
in a
curve causes tires to slip and lose
cornering force. And
in the acceleration
skid too much throttle causes the driving
wheels
to spin.
A cornering skid and an acceleration
skid are best handled by easing your
foot off the accelerator pedal. If your
vehicle starts
to slide (as when you turn
a corner on a wet, snow- or ice-covered
road), ease your foot off the accelerator
pedal as soon
as you feel the vehicle
start to slide. Quickly steer the way you
want the vehicle to
go. If you start
steering quickly enough, your vehicle
will straighten out. As
it does, straighten
the front wheels.
Of course, traction is reduced when
water, snow, ice, gravel, or other
material is
on the road. For safety, you’ll
want to
slow down and adjust your
driving to these conditions. It is
important to slow down on slippery
surfaces because stopping distance
will
be longer and vehicle control more
limited.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine ...
Your Driving and the Road
Driving on Snow or /ce
Most of the time, those places where
your tires meet the road probably have
good traction.
However,
if there is snow or ice
between your tires and the road, you can
have a very slippery situation. You’ll
have a lot less traction or “grip” and
will need to be very careful.
What’s the worst time for this? “Wet ice.”
Very cold snow or ice can be slick
and hard to drive on. But wet ice can be
even more trouble because
it may offer
the least traction
of all. You can get
“wet ice” when it’s about freezing
(32°F; OOC) and freezing rain begins to
fall. Try to avoid driving on
wet ice
until salt and sand crews can get there.
I58
Whatever the condition-smooth ice,
packed, blowing or loose snow-drive
with caution. Accelerate gently. Try not
to break the fragile traction.
If you
accelerate too fast, the drive wheels
will
spin and polish the surface under the
tires even more.
Your anti-lock brakes inlprove your
ability
to make a hard stop on a slippery
road. Even though you have the anti-
lock braking system, you’ll want to
begin stopping sooner than you would
on dry pavement. See the
Index under
Anti-Lock Bruke System.
Allow greater following distance on
any slippery road.
9 Watch for slippery spots. The road
might be fine
until you hit a spot that’s
covered with
ice. On an otherwise
clear road, ice patches may appear
in
shaded areas where the sun can’t
reach: around clumps of trees, behind
buildings, or under bridges.
Sometimes the surface of a curve or
an overpass may remain
icy when the
surrounding roads are clear. If you see
a patch of ice ahead of
you, brake
before
you are on it. Try not to brake
while you’re actually on the ice, and
avoid sudden steering maneuvers.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Problems on the Road
bwing Your Chevrolet (CONI)
To help avoid injury to you or
lers:
a Never let passengers ride in a
vehicle that is being towed.
a Never tow faster than safe or
posted speeds.
* Never tow with damaged parts
not fully secured.
* Never get under your vehicle after
it
has been lifted by the tow truck.
* Always use separate safety
chains on each side when towing
a vehicle.
Never use
“J” hooks. Use T-
hooks instead.
the ignition key off. The steering wheel
should be clamped
in a straight-ahead
position,
with a clamping device designed
for towing service. Do not use the
vehicle’s steering column lock for this.
The transaxle should be
in Neutral, and
the parking brake released.
Don’t have your vehicle towed on the
front wheels, unless
you must. If the
vehicle must be towed on the front wheels,
don’t go more than
35 mph (56 km/h) or
farther than
50 miles (80 km) or your
transaxle will be damaged. If these
limits must be exceeded, then
the front
wheels have to be supported on a dolly.
p-AU I IUN I
A vehicle can fall from a car
carrier if it isn’t properly
secured. This can cause a
collision, serious personal injury
and vehicle damage. The vehicle
should be tightly secured with
chains or steel cables before it is
transported.
Don’t use substitutes (ropes,
leather straps, canvas webbing,
etc.) that can be cut
by sharp edges
underneath
the towed vehicle.
A
mmm 170

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Problems on the Road
Zf a Tire Goes Flat
It’s unusual for a tire to “blow out”
while you’re driving, especially if you
maintain your tires properly.
If air goes
out of a tire, it’s much more likely
to
leak out slowly. But if you should ever
have a “blowout,” here are a few tips
about what to expect and what to do:
If a front tire fails, the flat tire will
create a drag that pulls the vehicle
toward that side. Take your foot off the accelerator pedal and grip the steering
wheel firmly. Steer to maintain lane
position, then gently brake
to a stop well
out of
the traffic lane.
I 84
A rear blowout, particularly on a curve,
acts much like a skid and may require
the same correction you’d use in a skid.
In any rear blowout, remove your foot
from the accelerator pedal. Get the
vehicle under control by steering the
way
you want the vehicle to go. It may
be very bumpy and noisy, but you can
still steer. Gently brake
to a stop, well
off the road
if possible.
If your tire goes flat, the next section
shows how
to use your jacking
equipment to change
a flat tire safely.
Changing a Flat Tire
If a tire goes flat, avoid further tire and
wheel damage by driving slowly to a
level place.
Turn on your hazard
warning flashers.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine If you let your tires spin at
- high speed, they can explode
and you or others could be injured.
And, the transaxle or other parts of
the vehicle can overheat. That could
cause an engine compartment fire
or other damage. When you’re
stuck, spin
the wheels as little as
possible. Don’t spin the wheels
above
35 mph (56 h/h) as shown
on
the speedometer. Spinning
your wheels can destroy
parts
of your vehicle as well as the
tires.
If you spin the wheels too
fast while shifting your transa:
back and forth, you can destroy
your transaxle.
-
Rocking Your Vehicle to Get it Out:
First, turn your steering wheel left and
right. That will clear the area around
your front wheels. Then shift back and
forth between
R (Reverse) and a
forward gear, or with a manual
transaxle, between
1 (First) or 2 (Second)
gear and
R (Reverse), spinning the
wheels as little as possible. Release
the
accelerator pedal while you shift, and
press lightly on the accelerator pedal
when the transaxle is in gear. If that
doesn’t get you out after a few tries,
you
may need to be towed out.
If
you do need to be towed out, see the
Index under Towing Your Chevrolet.
I93

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Refrigerant, Air Conditioning. .......................... See refrigerant charge label under hood.
Not all air conditioning refrigerants are the same. If the air
conditioning system in
your vehicle needs refrigerant, be sure
the proper refrigerant is used.
If you 're not sure, ask your
Chmrolet dealer.
Fuel Tank ........................................... 15.2 gallons
Power Steering
Pump Only ......................................... 1 .OO pint
Complete System
.................................... 2.25 pints
57.5 L
0.50 L
1.25 L
Tire Pressures, Sizes. .................................. See Tire-Loading Information label on driver's door.
Wheel Nut Torque .................................... 100 pound-feet (140 Nem)
NOTE: All capacities are approximate. When adding, be sure
to fill to the appropriate level, as recommended in this manual.
25 I

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Maintenance Schedule
Section A: Scheduled Maintenance Services (cont.)
Explanation of Scheduled Maintenance Services
Below are explanations of the services listed in Schedule I
and Schedule II.
The proper fluids and lubricants to use are listed in
Section
D. Make sure whoever services your vehicle uses
ITEM
NO. SERVICE
1
2 Engine Oil and Filter Change-Always use SG
Energy Conserving
11 oils of proper viscosity. The
“SG’ designation may be shown alone or in
combination with others, such as “SG/CC,”
“SG/CD” or “SF,
SG, CC,” etc. To determine the
preferred viscosity
for your vehicle’s engine (e.g.,
SAE 5W-30 or SAE 10W-30), see the Index under
Engine Oil.
Chassis Lubrication-Lubricate the transaxle shift
linkage, parking brake cable guides, underbody
contact points and linkage. Lubricate the front and
rear suspension and steering linkage.
Emission Control
Service.
these. All parts should be replaced and all necessary repairs
done before you or anyone else drives the vehicle.
Note: To determine your engine’s displacement and code,
see the Index under Engine Identification.
ITEM
NO.
3
SERVICE
Tire and Wheel Inspection and Rotation-For
proper wear and maximum tire life, rotate your
tires following the instructions
in this manual. See
the Index under Eres, Inspection & Rotation.
Check the tires for uneven wear or damage. If you
see irregular or premature wear, check the wheel
alignment. Check for damaged wheels also.

Downloaded from www.Manualslib.com manuals search engine Section C: Periodic Maintenance Inspections
Listed below are inspections and services which should be performed at least twice a year (for instance, each spring and fall).
You should let your GM dealer’s service department or other qualified service center do these jobs. Make sure any necessary
repairs are completed at once.
INSPECTION
I OR SERVICE
Steering, Suspension
and Front-Wheel-Drive
Axle Boot and Seal
1 Inspection
Exhaust System
Inspection
Throttle Linkage
Inspection
WHAT SHOULD BE DONE
Inspect the front and rear suspension and steering system for \
damaged, loose or missing parts,
signs of wear, or lack of lubrication. Inspect the power steering lines and hoses for proper
hookup, binding, leaks, cracks, chafing, etc. Clean and then in\
spect the drive axle boot seals for
damage, tears or leakage. Replace seals
if necessary.
Inspect the complete exhaust system. Inspect the body near
the exhaust system. Look for broken,
damaged, missing or out-of-position parts as well as open seams, holes, loose connections, or
other conditions which could cause a heat build-up in the floor pan or could let exhaust fumes
into the vehicle. See the
Index under Engine Exhaust.
Inspect the throttle linkage for interference or binding, and for damaged or missing parts.
Replace parts
as needed.
Inspect the complete system. Inspect brake lines and hoses for \
proper hookup, binding, leaks,
cracks, chafing, etc. Inspect disc brake pads for wear and rotors for \
surface condition. Also
inspect drum brake linings for wear and cracks. Inspect other brake parts, including drums,
wheel cylinders, calipers, parking brake, etc. Check parking brake adjustment. You may need to
have your brakes inspected more often
if your driving habits or conditions result in frequent
braking.
NOTE: A low brake fluid level can indicate worn disc brake pads which \
may need to be
serviced. Also,
if the brake system warning light stays on or comes on, something may be wrong
with the brake system. See the
Index under Brake System Warning Light. If your anti-lock brake
system warning light stays on, comes on or flashes, something may be wrong with the anti-lock
brake system. See the
Index under Anti-Lock Brake System Warning Light.
275 . .