1987 PORSCHE 944 cooling

INDEX
A
ABS Acceleration diagram Accelerator pedal Air Bag System Air - cleaner
- conditioner
- filter
Alternator warning light Antifreeze Antilock, Brake system Anti-theft alarm Ashtray Automatic- garage door
- speed control
- transmission
- transmission fluid B
Battery
Boost pressure gauge
Brake - booster
- fluid
- fluid warning light
- pads
- parking
- pedal
- system
- warning light
Break-in hints
Bulb replacing
Buzzer 28,39
118-129
55
20, 21, 38, 3980, 8144-4680,81 39
74,75,11028, 39
11
42, 98
25
29
53-55
78,110,128
90-9234
27
39,79,11039
27,37,47,79,80 26
26, 27
26,27,11537
47
93-98
10,18,24,30
C/D
CASIS
Capacities
Car care instructions
Casis
Catalytic Converter
Cautions
Central locking
Central warning light
Cigarette lighter
Cleaning
Clock
Clutch pedal
Collapsible spare tire
Control warning light system
Coolant Temperature Gauge
Cooling system
Corrosion prevention
Dashboard
Defogging/defrosting
Dimensions
Doors
Driving hints
E/F
Electrical system
Emergency- flasher
- starting
Emission Control System
Engine - cooling
- exhaust
- hood
- number
- oil checking & changing
- oil
-speed, max 35
110
61-66
35
50,10267
13
37
41
61-66 40
27
85
36-39 36
74-77
65-66
24
44-46 114
12,138-9, 48, 49
89-92
41
92
100-103 74-77
48
586
69-72
69,110,111,128
34,47,52,106-
108
Fan control switch knob
Fan, radiator
Filling capacities
Fog lights
Fuel - economy
- evaporation control
- gauge
- recommendation
- tank
Fuses and relays
G/H
Gas Station Information
Gasohol
Gasoline
Gear ratio diagram
Gearshift lever
Glove compartment
Hatchback
Headlights
Headlight- dimmer
- flasher
- switch
- washing system
Heater/ventilation controls
Hood - front
- rear
Horn
I/J
Ignition/steering lock
Instrument illumination
Instruments
Interior ligh 44
36, 74 110
30, 96, 97
49
103 37
50, 51
50,110
89,126
126-129 51
50,51
122-125 52-55
42
56
30,95,99 30
30
30
31,32,81,11044-4658
56,57
21,24
24
30
33-40
43, 98
4

Jack
- supports
K/L
Keys
Kickdown
Lane changer
Leather
License plate light
Light switch
Lights - ashtray
- fog
- interior
- license plate
- parking
- turn signal
Locks - doors, wheels
Loudspeakers
Lubricants
Luggage compartment
M/O
Manual transmission
- oil
Mirrors
Oil- change
- consumption
- filter changing
- pressure gauge
- pressure warning light
Octane rating
Oxygen Sensor
P/R
Paint code number 68
87, 88, 129
10-11,86 55
30
65
98
30
98
30, 96, 97
43, 9898
30, 37, 93, 94
30,93,94
10-13, 86 89
110,111 57
52,122-125 77,11022,43
71,72
47, 69
71, 72 38
38
50, 51,106-108 101,102
7
Parking- brake
- lights
Performance
Power assisted steering
Power train
Power windows
Prop-up roof
Radiator fan
Rear - hood
- view mirrors
- window defogger
- wiper
Recirculation Switch
Refrigerant
Relays
Rims
Roof racks
Roof, removable S
Safe driving hints
Safetybelts
Safety belt warning light
Safety compliance sticker
Seat heating System
Seats
Sekuriflex windshield
Shift indicator
Shift points
Side marker lights
Ski racks
Snow- chains
- tires
Spare tire, collapsible
Spark plugs
Specifications, engine
26, 3730,37,93,94116731091259, 6036, 7456,572241424446,11089,12664,112,11357,11459, 60
8-9
17-21,6518,3771514-1631, 63, 643552-559457,11483, 84,112,113
83,84, 111,113
85106-108106-109
Speedometer
Starting procedures
Sun visors
T/U
Tachometer
Technical data
Tirepressure
Tires
Tool kit
Trip odometer
Transmission oil
Trunk
Turn signal lights
Undercoating
Unleaded fuel
V/W
Vehicle identification
Ventilation
Voltmeter
Warning/indicator lights
Washer reservoir
Washing
Water temperature gauge
Weatherstrips
Weights
Wheel alignment
Wheel nuts, lockable
Wheels
Wheel changing
Windows
Windshield- washer reservoir
- wiper/washer lever 3324, 2543
34, 35105-12582,112,113,12947,82-87,112,113683377, 78,11056,5730, 37, 93, 9465, 66,10050, 51,106-108,110
6-744-463835-4081,11061-6636641141158647,64,82-87,11285-8812,63,6481,11031
5

Dear Porsche Owner Before going on a trip...
A lot has gone into the manufacture of your Porsche, including advanced engineering
techniques, rigid quality control and
demanding inspections. These engineering
and safety features will be enhanced by
you... the safe driver...
who knows his car and all controls who maintains his vehicle properly who uses his driving skills wisely, and who always drives within his own capabilities and
his level of familiarity with his vehicle.
You will find helpful hints in this manual on
how to perform most of the checks listed on
these pages. If in doubt, have these checks
performed by your Porsche dealer.
First things first
Turn the engine off before you attempt any
checks or repairs of the vehicle.
Be sure tires are inflated correctly. Check for
damage and tire wear.
See that wheel bolts are properly tightened
and not loose or missing.
Check engine oil level, add if necessary.
Make it a habit to have engine oil checked
with every fuel filling. Check coolant level to assure sufficient
engine cooling.
Be sure you have a well charged battery. Check brake fluid level. If too low, have
brake system checked.
Replenish windshield washer fluid. Check if engine hood is latched safely. Replace worn or cracked wiper blades. See that all windows are clear and
unobstructed.
Keep air intake slots and area between engine hood and windshield free of snow and ice, so that the heater and the windshield wipers work properly.
Check whether all light lenses are clean.
Be sure all lights are working and headlights
are aimed correctly.
Check under vehicle for leaks. Be sure all luggage is stowed securely.
Emergency equipment 3
It is good practice to carry emergency
equipment in your vehicle. Some of the things
you should have are: window scraper, snow
brush, container or bag of sand or salt,
emergency light, small shovel, first-
aid kit, etc.

8

In the driver's seat... On the road...
Check operation of horn.
Position seat for easy reach of controls. Adjust inside and outside rear view mirrors. Attach your safety belts. Check operation of foot and parking brakes. Check all warning and indicator lights when
starting the engine.
NEVER leave car idling unattended. Lock doors from inside, especially with
children in the car.
To prevent inadvertent opening of doors
from inside or outside, drive with locked
doors.

Never drive after you have consumed
alcohol.
Always have your safety belt attached. Always drive defensively. Expect the unexpected. Use signals to indicate turns and lane
changes.
Turn on headlights at dusk. Always keep a safe distance from the vehicle in front of you, depending on traffic, road and weather conditions. Reduce speed at night and during inclement weather.
Driving in wet weather requires caution and
reduced speeds, particularly on roads with
standing water, as the handling characteristics of the vehicle may be impaired due to tire
aquaplaning.
Also, when crossing stretches of deeper water there is a danger that too high of a speed can
cause water to enter the engine combustion
chambers through the intake air system
and/or water may strike the cooling fan
causing cooling system damage. In order to
avoid possible en- gine or cooling system damage when driving
through deep water, the vehicle should be
driven at a walking speed in first gear.
Observe speed limits and obey road signs.
When tired, get well off the road, stop and
take a rest. Turn the engine off. Do not sit in
the vehicle with engine idling. See
WARNINGS on "Engine Exhaust".
When parked, always set the parking brake.
Move the selector lever to "P" (Automatic
transmission) or move the gearshift lever to
reverse or first gear (Manual transmission).
On hills also turn the wheels toward the curb.
When emergency repairs become necessary, move the vehicle well off the road. Turn on
emergency flasher and use other warning
devices to alert other motorists. Do not park
or operate the vehicle in areas where the hot
exhaust system may come in contact with dry grass, brush, fuel spill or other flammable
material.
Make it a habit to have the engine oil
checked with every fuel filling.
9

Left Instrument Cluster
The left instrument cluster includes the
coolant temperature and fuel gauges as well
as warning lights for coolant temperature, fuel
reserve, brake-
lining wear, safety belt, parking light and parking brake. The two arrows at the
top are turn signal indicators for vehicles with
trailer coupling.
Coolant temperature

Indicator
Needle in lower field - engine is cold
Avoid high speeds and high engine rpm. During cold engine operation, engine
response and power levels will vary from that
of a warm engine. Due caution and notice of
these engine characteristics will ensure safe
operation of the vehicle.
Needle in center field - normal

Under normal driving conditions, needle
should remain in center field. The needle may
reach the upper field, especially at high
engine loads, but should return to "normal"
when engine load is reduced.

Needle in upper field - warning
If needle enters the upper field the engine is
overheating the warning light comes on.
Reduce speed and engine rpm. The needle
should return to the center field and the
indicator light goes out.
If the needle does not return to the center
field, and the indicator light does not go out,
the radiator fan may not be working to
provide sufficient engine cooling. Pull off the
road and turn off the engine. The fan should
still be running for a while. Failure to do so
may result in severe damage to the engine.
WARNING
Before you check anything in the engine compartment, let the engine cool down.
Hot components can burn skin on
contact. The radiator fan switches on automatically when the coolant reaches a
certain temperature and continues to run
(even with ignition off), until the coolant
temperature drops. Therefore, never

touch the fan blades as they will rotate spontaneously when the termoswitch
turns the fan on.
Be careful if you have to remove the cap from a hot coolant fluid reservoir. Protect
your hands, arms and face against
scalding. Use a thick rag and open the
cap carefully one turn to allow excess
pressure to escape before removing the
cap.

If the fan is not working, the fuse for the fan
may be burned out, or the relay may be
defective. See "Fuses and Relays".
After the engine has cooled down, check the coolant level (see "Cooling System"). If the
coolant level is low, top it up with water.
Check for possible leaks.
If the coolant level is normal, proceed to the
nearest workshop. Avoid idle speed and stop-
and-go driving. But with an inoperative fan,
the coolant will heat up again. When the
needle enters the upper field, stop again and
let the engine cool down before you continue
driving.
Coolant system malfunctions should be
remedied by the nearest Porsche dealer, as
severe engine damage may occur.

36


Fuel Gauge and FuelReserve Indicator
When the ignition is turned on, the amount of
fuel in the tank is indicated by the fuel gauge
in the right part of the dial.
If the needle enters the area in the bottom and the fuel reserve indicator lights up, there is
only a reserve of about. 2.1 U.S. gal/8 liters
left in the tank. Time to refuel at the next gas
station.
Brake Pad
Warning Light
The brake pad warning light comes on when the ignition is turned on and goes out after the engine has started.
If the light stays on when the engine is
running or comes on while driving, the brake
pads are worn, excessively.
Do not continue to operate the vehicle but
have your Porsche dealer check and
replace the brake pads.

Safety Belt
Warning Light
When the ignition is turned on the light will
come on for about 6 seconds to remind driver
and passenger to buckle up. See "Safety
Belts" for more details.


Parking Brake Light
The parking brake light will light up when the
ignition is turned on and the parking brake is
set.
The light goes out when the parking brake is fully released.
Parking Light
The parking light indicator at the bottom in the
left instrument cluster lights up when the
parking lights are switched on.

Turn Signal
Indicator Light
The turn signal indicator light, which is located below the central warning light, will flash at the same frequency as the turn signals. If a turn
signal fails, the control light flashes at about
twice the normal frequency. Have your dealer
check and repair it for you.
High Beam Indicator
Light

The high-beam indicator light, which is located at the top between the tachometer and the
right instrument cluster, will light up when you
switch on the high beams or when you flash
signal. The indicator goes out when you
switch to low beam.

Central Warning Light
The central warning light comes on after
turning on the ignition. This light monitors all
functions displayed by the instruments. If one
of these functions fails, the central warning
light and the pertinent indicator light come on
until the malfunction has been corrected. The
vehicle should immediately be taken to the
nearest authorized workshop.

37

Heating Ventilation System
1 Fan switch
2 Air distribution to windshield
3 Air distribution to footwell outlets
4 Temperature switch
5 Defroster switch
6 Recirculation switch

A Air outlet - left side dashboard vent
B Open and close - left side dashboard vent
C
Air outlet - center dashboard vent, left
section
D Open and close - center dashboard vent

E Air outlet - center dashboard vent, right
section
F
Open and close - right side dashboard vent
G Air outlet - right side dashboard vent


44a

Heating and Ventilation
WARNING
Familiarize yourself thoroughly with the proper use and function of the
ventilation/heating, defogging/defrosting
and the air conditioning system.
For safe driving it is extremely important that you follow the operating instructions
in this manual. If in doubt, consult with
your Porsche dealer.
Maximum heating output and fast defrosting can be obtained only after the
engine has reached normal operating
temperature.
Before turning on the air conditioner, move the two air distribution control levers to
their center positions, and move the
temperature control knob to the extreme
counterclockwise position.
Should you suspect that the air
conditioner is damaged, have it checked
promptly. Leaks must be sealed
immediately, since loss of refrigerant may
result in serious damage to the air
conditioner system.

The upper lever (2) controls the air flow to the windshield" right position: open, left position: closed.
The lower lever (3) controls the air flow to the
footwell outlets (right position: open -left
position: closed).
The center dashboard vent can be opened or
closed by operating the lever (D). For closing,
the lever is pushed all the way up. For
opening, push the lever downward for the
desired air volume.
The direction of the air outlet is controlled by
means of handles (C, E) on the vents.
The side dashboard vents are opened or
closed by means of the lower levers (B, F) (

- open, - closed). Again, the air outlet direction is controlled by means of handles (A, G) on the vents.
Heater Control
Activation of the heater control system ensures temperature control in the passenger
compartment in accordance with the
temperature range preset by the temperature
knob. The passenger compartment
temperature is kept constant under varying
climatic conditions.

Fan Control Switch Knob
In order to ensure air circulation even with the
vehicle standing or moving at low speed, the
fan is running at low speed even at switch
position 0. If you desire more air flow, the fan
can be switched to steps 1 through 4.
Defroster Switch
Since the effectiveness of the heating
depends on the cooling water temperature,
the full heating power is not available until the
engine has reached its normal operating
temperature. To achieve the best defroster
effectiveness, the center dashboard vent must be closed entirely (push lever to its extreme
top position). Then press the defroster button - indicator light comes on. Independent of the
position of the upper and lower levers, high-
low temperature switch and the fan control
switch knob, the system automatically
switches to maximum heating power at fan
stage 4 and the full air flow is directed to the
windshield and the side dashboard vents.
Recirculation Switch
When you follow a truck or bus to prevent the
exhaust gases from entering your car through
the fresh air vents, press the recirculation
switch. The fresh air supply is then interrupted and air from inside of the vehicle will be
recirculated. The recirculation effect should
be utilized for only a short period of time to prevent windshield misting! 44b

Automatically Controlled
Air Conditioner
The air conditioning system works only when
the engine is running. Its refrigerating capacity depends on engine speed. If a high
refrigerating capacity is desired, it is
necessary to rev up the engine -
particularly in city or bumper-to-bumper traffic.
The air conditioning system can be turned on
at any air distribution position by pressing the
air conditioner switch. When the system is
turned on, the air conditioning compressor is
activated via a magnetic clutch.
Optimal cooling is achieved when the fan
control switch is at position 4, the windows are closed and the lateral as well as the
center dashboard vents are fully opened and
the temperature switch is set at maximum
cooling power.
When the air conditioning system is on,
additional cooled air enters the glove
compartment through a vent.
After prolonged exposure to sun, it is recommended that you ventilate the
passenger compartment with the windows
down and air conditioning on.
Should the air conditioning system fail, i. e.
uncooled air flows through the vents while the
system is switched on, have it checked in an
authorized workshop.


45

Functioning
The automatic system controls the passenger
compartment temperature in accordance with
the temperature preset by the temperature
knob.
The passenger compartment temperature is
kept constant under varying climatic
conditions.
Cold and warm air is automatically mixed by
means of air flaps operated by a servo motor.
The servo motor is controlled by a passenger
compartment temperature sensor, an ambient
temperature sensor and a temperature sensor located in the air conditioner.
There are several options to satisfy the
requirements of individual comfort with an
automatically controlled air-conditioning
system:
The upper level (2) is operated to direct the air flow towards the windshield (right position:
open; left position: closed).
The lower level (3) can be used to direct the
air flow to the footwell outlets (right position:
open; left position: closed). The positions of
these two levers are infinitely variable and can be set independently of one another. A higher or lower temperature range can be preselected by means of the temperature
control knob.

Air Conditioning System Maintenance The air conditioning system must be turned on for a short period of time at least once a
month. This instruction should be observed
particularly during the cold season to ensure
proper lubrication of the sealing rings and
compressor bearings.
For this purpose, set the temperature control
knob at maximum cooling temperature
(extreme counterclockwise position).
Check the compressor polyrib belt for proper
tension during regular maintenance.
Due to the loss of refrigerant, which is
technically inevitable, the refrigerant level in
the fluid reservoir should be checked at least
once a year.
If gas bubbles are visible over an extended
period of time in the inspection window of the
fluid reservoir while the air conditioner is
running, there is a deficit of refrigerant in the
air conditioning system. The brief appearance
of gas bubbles is due to technical reasons.
Should the air conditioning system fail, i. e.
uncooled air flows through the vents while the
system is switched on, have it checked by
your Porsche dealer.


46

Power Assisted Steering
The hydraulic assistance system allows
effortless steering under all driving conditions.
Slight hissing or squeaking sounds during
sharp turns (turning steering wheel from lock
to lock) are normal and do not indicate a
defective steering mechanism.
If the engine is not running, po
wer assisted steering is no longer effective. You can
continue to steer the car but more effort
will be required to turn the steering wheel.

Checking the fluid level
The hydraulic fluid level should be checked at
regular intervals. The fluid reservoir is
mounted on the right wheel housing in the
engine compartment.
1.
Unscrew cap from reservoir and wipe
dipstick with a lint free cloth.
2.
Let engine run at idle speed. Reinstall cap
and unscrew again. The fluid level should
be between the upper and lower mark on
the dipstick.
If necessary, top up with ATF-Dextron®.
3. Reinstall cap and handtighten securely.
73

Cooling System
Only use additives recommended for
aluminium engines and radiators. Your
Porsche dealer will be able to advise you.
For year round driving, phosphate-free
antifreeze is added at the factory for
temperatures down to:
-31° F / -35° C
Because of its anti-corrosion properties,
antifreeze should also remain in the cooling
system for summer operation. Cooling system capacity and specified antifreeze and water
ratios are listed under "Filling capacities".
Use any quality phosphate-free anti-freeze
containing ethylene glycol, available at your
Porsche dealer. Anti-freeze other than
specified by Porsche for aluminium engi-
nes and radiators may cause corrosion of
the cooling system, leading to engine
overheating and damage.

Only
for topping up coolant, a small amount of anti-freeze containing ethylene glycol and
phosphates may be used if recommended
anti-freeze is not available.
The anti-corrosion properties and the
antifreeze consistency will diminish gradually.
We recommend renewing the coolant mixture
at least every 2 years.
WARNING
The radiator fan is electrically driven. It is
switched on automatically by a thermostat
when the coolant reaches 198°F / 92°C.
Even when the engine is turned off, the fan will continue running, until the coolant
temperature has dropped to 189°F / 87°C
and until the engine itself has cooled down sufficiently.
Checking coolant level in expansion tank
A correctly functioning cooling system requires only minor care. The coolant level
should be checked from time to time, and
always before going on a longer trip.
The
expansion tank with filler cap opening is
located in the engine compartment (see
illustration). Since the expansion tank is
transparent, the coolant level can be checked
visually without removing the filler cap.

74

When the engine is cold, the coolant level
should reach the minimum mark on the
expansion tank. When the engine is warm, the coolant level will be above the minimum mark. Since the closed cooling system loses almost
no coolant, topping up is normally not
required. An obvious loss of coolant indicates
leakage. In this case contact your dealer.
WARNING

Do not open the filler cap when the engine is hot because of the danger of
scalding. Allow the engine to cool down.
Protect your hands, arms and face.

Using a thick rag, open the cap carefully and only enough to allow excess
pressure to escape before removing the
cap.
To avoid damage to the engine, only add
cold antifreeze and cold water
to the cooling system when the engine is also cold. A warm engine should only be topped up if the coolant level has dropped appreciably below
the minimum mark. Too much added coolant
will escape through the pressure cap when coolant warms up.
If more than about 1.06 U.S qt or 1 liter must
be added, the cooling system should be bled.

Winter operation At the beginning of the winter season, have the coolant checked for anti-freeze
concentration.
The ratio between water and anti-freeze
necessary to prevent freezing depends on the
anticipated outside temperatures. The ratios
can be taken from the mixing chart listed
under "Filling Capacities" or from the container of the antifreeze manufacturer.
Increasing the anti-freeze in the coolant
further than shown on the container is not
only uneconomical, it is also detrimental to engine cooling.
75





944 Draining the coolant
Engine must be cold
1. Move temperature control lever to "warm".
2.
Remove filler cap from expansion tank.
3. Unscrew drain plug on radiator and on engine block (curved arrows). Allow coolant to drain completely.
Bleeding cooling system and topping up
coolant
1. Reinstall radiator drain plug. Do not overtighten plug (required torque is 43 in.
lb/5 Nm).
2.
When reinstalling engine block drain-plug,
use a new gasket. Do not overtighten plug
(required torque is 14 ft lb/20 Nm).
3.
Move temperature control lever to "warm".
4. Unscrew the vent plug (single white arrow)
and remove.
5. Remove the expansion tank filler cap and
slowly pour coolant into the tank. Stop
pouring as soon as fluid runs out of vent
plug opening.
6.
The expansion tank should only be about
half full so as to prevent any overflow once
the engine is warm.
7.
Screw in the vent plug loosely.
8. Start the engine. Let engine run at increased idle until it has reached operating temperature (the radiator fan will turn on
and off).
76

Collapsible Spare Tire
The spare tire is stored underneath the
luggage compartment cover.
Due to tread and space saver design features
of the collapsible tire, car handling may be
affected.
Therefore, do not drive more than 50 mph
(80 km/h) when using the collapsible spare tire. It is for emergency use and short
distances only. Remount the original road
tire as soon as possible.
Inflating the collapsible tire WARNING

Do not overinflate your spare tire.
Inflate the collapsible tire with the electric air
compressor that comes with your Porsche. Do not use other equipment!
1. Mount spare wheel before inflating the tire.The wheel nuts for the light alloy wheels of the vehicle can be used to mount the spare wheel. This applies to emergency use and
short distances only.
2.
Attach hose to tire valve. Insert plug of electric cord into cigarette lighter socket.
3. The required tire pressure is 36 psi or 2.5 bar/atm (front or rear). Check
pressure with tire pressure gauge.
4.
Disconnect hose and electric cord and store air compressor.
5. Have flat road tire repaired and remounted
on car at next service stop. Remember, the collapsible tire is for emergency use and short distances only.
When the air is released from the collapsible
tire, it will return to its original shape after
cooling down for several hours. Store
collapsible tire in luggage compartment.
The collapsible spare tire cannot be
repaired or mounted on the rims with
standard workshop equipment. Repair and
remounting must only be done by the tire
manufacturer.

Tire tread depth As required by law, the tread depth of the collapsible tire is the same as that of the
original equipment tire. Replace a worn
collapsible spare tire in time.
If air compressor does not work
...
Check if tobacco or any other foreign matter is lodged in the cigarette lighter socket.
Remove carefully with a wooden pick. Do
not use metal object to prevent short circuit.
... Check if fuse is blown. Replace with new
equivalent fuse.

Maintenance of air compressor
The air compressor is maintenance-free. Do
not apply oil or any other lubricant.
The air filter should be cleaned periodically to
assure maximum efficiency of the unit.

85



Lockable Wheel Nuts You can guard against wheel theft by installing lockable wheel nuts on your wheels. Each kit
contains three keys and four wheel nuts with
lock sleeve. The locking mechanism is
identical for all four wheel nuts. When taking
the vehicle to your Porsche dealer or to a
workshop for wheel or tire service, remember to leave one key with the service attendant.
In case of loss, duplicate keys cannot be
furnished by your Porsche dealer. Do not
leave these keys in the vehicle. Keep them
in a safe place.
To unlock a wheel

1. Remove protective plastic cap from wheel
nut.
2.
Insert key all the way and turn left about
30°.
3.
Remove lock sleeve together with inserted
key.
To lock a wheel
1. Turn the key again approx 30° to the right and remove.
2.
Push the lock onto the wheel nut until you
can feel it latch.
3.
Check whether the sleeve (of the lock) is up against the collar of the wheel nut.
4. Generally it is not necessary to balance the wheels after installing the lockable wheel nuts.

86