7
Chapter 1 Engine
Fig . 1.1 8 R ear oil sen I ilnd ildaptcr pliltc (Sec 84)
84 Renr oil se;1i ,,,,(I lIywheel - rc fitti"u
1 I'll the ()n!J"I(~ .r,," ,,(1"1'10' pla1<:1 and s(:clIre ,I wllh 'I S IIv(: holls. 2 Smenr en\J1ne (ld OlltO the CI,mkshah '''". Smear 0,1 on the lip 01 the sea l tlnd pos(( lon tlon ';".11 on th e cran hha ll. 3 Align the seil l c;""er holos wllh Ihose 011 the cylrnd(:, hlock . Insell the loul bolts and 11!lhlCll Ihem 10 the SpeCifIed 10lqUfl 4 F it the flywher.:l . or dllveplalc on au lOlllallC lwnsrnis sion Illodels.
InSerll h e six holl S ;",d u\llole rllhem 10 Ihe 10 lque w rench sell"'U Uiven in lhe Speclllcm'olls
8 5 Sump -rciiuill!)
En~",,, lh;ol Ill" ru,rI "'!) ',u.l,u :e s 01 hoth IllI.! Slimp a"d t h e c(,1nkcilsc ,lie cl ea" ,mol IIi,1I n", '.""I",!) SlIrJ ,u;e 01 the Sli mp IS not d'S lo lte d. 2 Apply IO" ,I,,,!! c"'''pollnd 1 0 the pOUltS wllel(~ Ihe l"llllll) cover ablilS lhu ,;yir r"lr" 1,Io ck .lIId where Ihe rea' 001 $u,,1 carr.(:r "dIOIllS II 3 Pln ce tloo \J,,~k"l '" fJo~.t.on, lIt tlo" SlIm l} ,'Ild IIlS(). 1 lhe r0Io1111il1l)
bolts ImUO I tl!lhl 4 PrO!lres~lvely 1I!llIt,," llw sump holt s 011 opposIte I'ilr ts lIllt,1 all 0 1
t
hem ,H" il l tl", ~ 1"":lllI"d IOlllUU , 5 FII ,1 now w;,~h", 10 Ihe ~Ul1lp II"'UI pili!) , IIlscrl lhe dl,lIll pllll) and
t ,uhlen ,t
8 6 Cylinder h e"ds re;rssernbly
L~y the cylrnd" r h",.\! on .IS s Ide. luhrrcnt e cvcry valve Uu ide with eng;l1(! oil. ,lilt! ,"~,,"t the valves 11110 the \Ju, dc Irom whIch lh ey wele remov(:d 2 To ,WOld d
lhero.s dilnlJC' oltl1<.: ~I""IU rcW""C' dillllil\)IIlU tllC villve SHlm 011 sen l
G Ahcr "lsert")!J tit" ~pllt collets. r eleilSo the spllny compressor (111(1
rcmove II 7 C hcc k th"t lh..: ~pl'l cull":IS hilve seilled properly and t
Fi g. 1.1 9 Tightening sequenc e for cylinde r head bolts on the 3.0 litre enuine (Sec 8 7)
a Repe"l liln pruccdwn orven III p;ua!Jrnphs 1 to 7 o n the (CmJlnlllU
v,llv"s
87 Cylinder heads - re fitt;nu
11 the tappels w ere rcmoved. luiJricnle lhe lilppets nnd I heu hores wnh enoine orl nnd insor t thOlll wilh lhc;, d Ished cnds uppermost Ensule lha l every tappet ,s rclltlcd Into lhe hore hom whIch II wns
t nkcl1
2 Mak e sure tha t Ihe rna t"'!1 surlaccs o f lhe cylinder block. cyl lndor henrJs ;Uld 1111,,1 Ill,lIlIlold ;lIe de;"l. then plnce new cyhndcr head \Ja~kets ove, the Wildes un thn cylrmh" block. Tho cyirnder head \I,,~k ~IS beilr thO malkln\! TOP f:nON T ilnd nced to h e pOSII,oned
cOII(:ct ly .
3 Low ul Ille cyl ""lcr he,1ds ov"r the" posl tlonrngst u(!s, Although t he cyhlld\~r headS ,"0 Id entlc;,I, they should h,lVe been Illtlrke d when remuved ilnd should be lehllUd III thcrr ()IIUinal positions t1 Inse rt the cyirndcf 11I)"d boilS f"'!I(:r t.!Jh l then tIghten lhelll prUglC SSlv(: ty OIl the olde, shown III r,U I l!J and III llle stnucs",s U iven
m the SpcelirC;lt'OnS
88 Rocker arms and cover
s -refiUing
Ensure Ihm "II Ihe puslllOlls ,lie ,nselwd I!ltO the" p'llpor placos ;II1
)olt S nntl lighten them t o the spec ,f led torque.
89 Valve clearnnees -checking nnd adjustment
R eier
to SeC!lon 3 5
90 Engine ancillaries -refitting
R eier 10 Sec tIon 46 and ref, t lhe I. ste d componenlS w,th refercnce
to th e Chaptels ind,cilte(f
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56 Chapter 1 Engine
91 Engine -refilting
Rcf'tlIng the engine is a rCllcrsnl alth e removJI procedure given In Section 44. bUI in addrhon note the following 1)O;I1IS:
(,,) Ugh/I)' 9(0"50 Ihe ycar/)QIC ;npu{ Sh,ll{ (m,lI/v.,1 transmission) (b) Check tlMllhe dlileh fc/c,He .7Im is cOIf(!clly loentcd (m,lllu,)1 (fiJn$miSS;OIl) (e) Adiusl (he clutch cClbfll ,15 (/(!sCllbcri ill Clwp/fN 5 (m,mu,,1 flilMmission) (d) BelOfc COfl/weliny the engine /0 {I!(! ,W{omMIC {MOSl/tllSion check 111M /he /O((/lle con vet/or is fully 01l9,19N/ wilh lite /f,lfI smiSSI()II pump by reh'/(!IICa to CIWp/Of 6 (e) Refll' file ,)II/QIII,llie ("'''lllltHiOIl WillI 1141/11 ,15 dcsCfI/)t'd III Ch,lpWI 6 (/) Ad/usllhe lellsioll 01 the IJowor steeling IIlIfIIll MId .11/emMa. !lnvalid/(s) ,15 d(!scfI/)ml in Ch,?pICIS 10 i/lld 2 f(!SpcC/lv(!/y (!I) Fill Ihc cooJillfl sys/cm (el,.l/'/C' 2) ,md /lOW,!' Slcc/IIIY
SVS/l:tII (ella,'/Cf 10), 1111:11 fIIlllle mlylllc Willi od (SeC/lOll ti~) ("ho/Q)
92 E n £line -initial start-u p after major overlwul or re pair
Hel",
10 Sect Ion 38
PART C, FAULT D IAGNOSIS
93 Faull diagnosis -engine
Sympto m
(n!Jlne f.111s to tllm OVCI whim ~t;llt", IS Opc,;) lcd
Enll"n) lUIIIS ill no.",al ~pced. hili dous not 51,IIt
E"u'ne SlOp s ilnd Will not 'estill t
Enll'Ile
.",slucs, O. lUll S unevenly
L~ck of powc. illlt! poo, comp.esslo ll
91 1 T OPPln! 1 lIl) tile ""'II"") wIth od
ReilSOn(S)
DI~ch.1'Hed 01 delec tlv" 1o:,lle.y
Dilly 01 lI)os" lI.11tc.y le.,ds
O"f '!I:llve sl; IIt", soL"",,,, I. ,II SW'II: " Odl'ctlvl' s lillte. "UIIOf
Dilly 0 ' III"ken e"!I"IC "'''1111''11 SIt;IP
1\I1'"111 ':Ol1lpOlu",ts Will (If ,1;""1) DefectIve low te nSIOIi le"d Detective o. InCOllec,ly :,,, 1 ,:"III"C I h,e;oke. (,I "PI.I,,:a"fe)
Oe f"ctlve condense. (If '11'lllIo,;.,"lc) O'st"hulor cal) defec tIve. or celltral h,ush HI (irs l,,"uto ' cap Ilot m,,~, COfltilf.t w'th th e .otor a"n Ifls.ulhc,em petrol "' tilllk V.1pOOf Iud '11 luel hlle (," hut cOl1{lIuolls)
Fuet pump I:uhlfe E~O:Hs51ve c hoke, caus,,,u spillk pluUs 10 hccolllt) wet
IU"I1I(HI 1,,,IUle result Ill!.! 110111 b.cakdown. or prescncc o t w;'1ler \,Inti w(: 1 cOnthllOIlS l:n:k 1.11 tud. at luel IJlock, l!Je
loose 19111tlon Icads F(luIIV s J)n. k 1)Iuli T'(1ckin£l on d,slllbuto. cnjl IIlsuliltion
InCOIICCll11lxtu'e 'Ullilion 100 telilldcd Dilly con[,lCI blcakc. POlll1S (,I ajlplPcablc). or loose connection'
Faully Of loose condense' ( II ~)JpIPcilblc) Lea kin U ca.hu.eItOJ. o. lII.lll1fold JOlllt
D"lectlve v.,lves Blown cyIP"de . head £lasket
WOlll bo.es OJ dilm ilye
,. Chapter 2 Cooling system
Cont ents
AntIfreeze mixture Cool ing system -draining, Cooling system -filhng Coo ling system -flushing " D,ivcbcllS -femoy~1 and refilling Expansion lank -removal and reflllmg F;)n hub be,Hing (3 .0 lit re eng ine) -renewal . Fault diagnosis -cooling system
Sp(lcifiCiltions
System type
Thermostat
Opening lempel
M'ninlllnl IhennO SWI Havel _
Orivebelt tension
O()lleCI,on JlHOwily between pulleys (longeSI run)
Prossure cnp setting
3 0 lure engines -._ .. ,. "._ 2 8 hire engin es _
System capncit y
30 htle eng ines .. , .... 2 8 lille engines
Ioorque Wrench settings "lIe fHlgil)( :s
'" ~JI~;·;~~;~'·." _ ... , .. " , e"noSl~t 110[151119
G 3 5 4 10
" 12 15
Gene',,' description RmhalOr -.ellloy;,I, inspection, clCilning imd refllting RO\ J\inc rn
1 7 2 13 8 11 9
P,cssu"scd. With beil ·drlven pump ,1"d larl (VISCOUS (hive type on 1.1u:, moduls). IhcrrnoSWI ... nd expansion \,lflk on I"W' Illodels
85 to 9S ·C (185 to 208'F) 79 to 83" C ( 1 74 to lSl'F)
9910 10TC (21010 2Hi"F)
9 T C (207'F) 7.0 nun (028 Ill)
100nll)1 (0.4 in)
091 klll/enl' ( 12 .9 Ibljin') 0 .8510 1.10 klli /elll' (12110 15.6 Ibf!m')
931111e (16.4 pinl) 8.71111e (15 3 p inl)
No.
710 10 710 10 161020
81011 17 10 20 9 to 13 810 11 20 to 25 201025
Ibf ft
5 to ., 5 to ., 12 10 15
6 108 13 to 15
7 10 1 0 6108 151018 1510 18
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58 Chapter 2 Cooling system
Goneral descriptio n
Tho coo1inU sys tem IS of tile flfCSSll"sc d type consiSling of 11 helt·driven pump. h0l11 mourllc d .ild,ator and thermOSI"! Th e hClt·rhrvcn 1,111 IS of SI;mf!ard type on carly models, bllt of VISCOUS drive IYlle ( l) holO) on lalC I models. the lallci jllCOrPO'ilUllg iI speed 1I0)'I<1110n (I(!vkc, On 3.0 hue cnOllles t he IhcollOSlill IS IOCillcd (I( tho,'! 011 tiel to tl lC tOp hose. but on 2.8 htre engines i, is localcd on the 11110 1 hom 1ho baliom hose . Lmc. models
Fin. 2 .1 Coolinu systelll (3.0 lilro cngine) (Soc 1 )
Fig. 2 .2 Cooling syslcm (2.8 litre engine) (Soc 1 )
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Chapter 2 Cooting system 59
1 I VISCOUS (IPlVC I,m coupling (I,~mpc,alu,e sensitIve 1VIle shown) 2.5 Tuppill\l -lIplhc COlllilll1 h,vel in the c~J)alls,on \;lI\k 27 Checkin U the drive-belt IClls,on (28 hire CIlUulC)
2 Routino Illaintcnanco
Altho ,n1C, ... "ls SPOC""]!! utlhe Rouhnc M .. "UcnanCf! SOChOr! on Ihe 110111 01 the m;uu,a1 c;lrIy oul the lol1oWl!ljl p.occduoes
Check cnoling syslcm lor /c,1k.~ 1 In spe cl Iht! coolin!! sysh),l) hose s 'llcludlll!) the ,adIOiIO' :,"<1 Iwate. hoses for damage. detcriOlllll0n i1nd sccullly If Ihelt) is I'Irly IOulle;1I'01] of swelling 01 p
COf/ec t tension If .equir e d .
9 Run the enuine f o r severlll minutes Ihen rec hec k t he lension.
Renew,1/Jtilreeze 10 O.am i1nd flush Ihe CO(lhng System as descrlhed in Sections 3 and 4 . 11 F,II the coollllg system With Ihe correct solullon of watel and amlf,ccle as desc"hed in SeClions 5 and 6 .
3
Cooling sysl e m -drai"inU
If pOSSIble. ensu,e thilt the engine IS cold belo.t! d.al"i"lJ Ihe cool ant. 10 aVOid the fisk of scalding.
2 Remove Ihe .adlatOf or expanSIon tank IIlIe. cap. If the eflUlnc IS hot. Ih ls must be done vl;lry caul,ously, because a sudden release 0 1
Fig. 2.3 Clltawa y view o f Iho expan sio n tlln k showin g tho plastic lovel indicator -tH rowed (Sec 2)
P'".'·S5U'0 CilIl ,esull II. the cool(lnl !.>oIling i1nd blOWing Oul. On ,1 hot enUlIle. plilce iI cluth ove, the caf} and lurn il ve. y uently. '0 release tim p,ess\lIe slowly. 3 flel110ve the SplilSh shield frOI11 b enomh the ra(II;IIOf. of i1pplrcilble
" Unless !he coolilnt IS beinu discarded and thc ca. 's over (I slilt illJle
d'illl1. ,,'"ce a deiln IWO i1nd a half gallon Conl;1ine. underneath the ,adlaIOl. !) Rel110ve the radlatOl bOllom hose lind allow the coo'al11 10 drili" . 6 If the SyStel1'IS to be completely d,ained. rcmove the cyhnde. block d.;1I1' pluU and draIn oul Iho .emainlng coolant hom tho engine . ThiS d'illf' plug IS locilted all the s,de of the cyl inder block to Ihe rear of the oiliolicr. 7 On 1I10deis wilh all eXJ}ilnSlon tank 'emove the rad.alO' cap as well
4 Cooling systom -ftushing
In IUlIe. !he cooling syStel11 Will lose ils efficiency because o f a bu,ld'lIp 01 .uSI and sedunen t in the radiator. To clean the .adliltol. .emove thc IllIer Cill) i1nd 'he bOllom hose ilnd !lush Ihe radialo" by inse.llng a hose in Iho f,lle. car> neck i1nd funninu Wille. th.ough fOf about tr.m I11mules . 2 If Ihere is a Ilea vy aCCUmuliltlOn 01 sediment. it is betler to .eve.se
flu sh Ihe .adl~tor. by connecting the water supply 10 Ih o boltom of the rilclmof alld allowinu II 10 flow oul of the tOIl. Speclnl hose adapters arc avai lable to enahle thIS to be done w ith the rild.ator In I)OSllion. but It is p,efe.able '0 removc the lad,ato. and tum il upside down.
3 Remove t he thernlos,a, (Section 8) then .eve.se lIush Ihe engine wi,h a W1l1e. hose u n lll clean waler flows from the .ndlat Of bottom h ose connectIon.
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Chapter 2 Cooling system 6 1
8 ThermOSI"t -removal. lor-ling and re fitting
3.0 litre /~n{lIllL' 2 $lilCkclI Ihe clop 0 1 the top 110M) to the ril.loiltor and rcmovc the hoso (photo) 3 UndO ;II,.t ,,:move tho "\4> hnltS ;'Ind Sllr"'!J w,lshers sccUlor'!1 Iho thermO$I,'t h',,,SU'!1 to the q·\·",Io·, heil.l. 4 T,1plh" 1"'''~'''!llIe'ltlv ,','h " pl"Sllc·he.ldcd hiln1l11e •. to h rc,lk th.! g,1sk('1 s".11 Ih"I c".eflilly 1,It fh" hOlls.ng 011. Remove the !J"~k.:l '" one p,,; •. ,, ,11"'~~Ihle. ()Ihe'''''~,' ',1 I"pC hOlh loim Inces 1Oc.lc;rn olllh'l fen,nu's "llh" !Fhket 5 M,,,~ II", fl"'"ulls\;)!!n :,I,,",v whu:h W"v rllund ilnd wlllc.h "";ov up II'S IoI",d, ""'0 u~,) it ~c",wd, ",' III ' fi",ove Il lrOIll Ihe IrOUSII1!1
28 h/le 1:111/1111.' 6 51,u:~'·" II", I l'I's s,.'!;"''''\! II", •.• d.,IIO. holtou. hose and Ihrl hf'.llr;r ho~1't 10 II,,· 111"''''01>1,,1 I"'''~'''!I .ulIl careful Iv remove Iho hose" (ph01<1)
7 Undo .",,1 ''''''
unclilr11,\!I".t "11"',wls', ~(:'.II"· .t "II Abo If,mlJVI' Ih" sr';11 !) C;"r;lullv ".I~" Ihe 11""",,"1." (1111 CIt ,,~ how;II'!). """I!! c;""I,,1 10 notc ",1",.11 w.IY '(lund 'I ,~I""·,, (phulo)
All cnyin()s 10 Teslthe Ih",moslill 1o. r"''''<: h,llctIO""'!J hv suspr:llcI ",U 1I Oil a string In" saucep.,n 01 cold ".,1,,, tOHcthe. WIth a !h.). momc1Cr ,,,,"I (he ",nIl!'
!:on~ldp.ralrlv Ihe Ihe ,mOSlil! mUSI 1.>" "~ncw"d 1 2 If the Ihr:.lllos,... t daM not lully OJlr:!! II. IJO.IIIHI Woll er. or doc s not close dowII ,1~ Ihe water cools. Ihen II ."ust he d, scmded illl(1 il new one frur:d Should Ihe thCrmOSWI he ~Iuck opCO when cold Ih,s w"l IISu.,Uy Iw appil,elll "'hen fcmovmu II from the huusing.
13 Reflllll'!jlhr: the'mOStnl 15 the . everSf'l Sf!ll"Cor.", 10 rClllov.ll AlwilVS
(:"SUIC IIr,)1 11l
hOIlS"'!1 .s h",Uv corroded fll " oew hOIl':"'!1 Alw;lvs 1I<:f, il new 1),lSkel .1,,(1 Sf'l.11 II "llphc;lhle (phow) T'!lh",,, II", !,I"'IUUI! 1 holts 10 II,,~ s t)C{:llreci \1>111'''-' wrr:"ch SCllrr'!! (pholo) Rd,tl zh,., coolln!1 svSlem "s d('!>(rrhecl "' 5"ct,on 5
9 Walnr jll""I) _ romO"'11 ilnd refilli,,\)
Dr;,,,, IIr ,· , OJol",!) SVMIIII1 as rlllsc,,).,. d ", S','-I""I 3
3 0 iiiif.' VI/yllw 2 5t.,d"·,, Ih', II .. "" ,,1110'(\;,10' ,1'O"IItll .!! hOJI\~. Jlush Ihe illle,nal!)r low;lIds II .. , "n'I"'O, hit IhH dllvetH,l1 '''''11 lilt· wah" pump twlley ;md ",move .1 3 S tack"n th" lowe. 'ilc1,;.IO' hose d ,p .1 l ilt: ,nt., 1 cunnechon 10 th., 11I,1lt1) Ca ... lr,tiv eilSf) Ihe ho~c hom Ihe W;.I." pu"'p r:lIlOw 4 SI.Ir.k"lI 11r" hosc clrp ,ltthe rCill 01 thc ,,,'mp ;'1111 cilfel"IIV eil:>c the Iro:.c hl)llI Ih,· 1''''''1) !, 5!:10:I0,,,,, tl", IIHld hObO r.hp SIIII" I"d .11 Ih" Inl' of the pump ""d ':;I"'h,IIV ""~,, Iho h oso I,om (he lOp 01 Ihe I'U'''I' G U,"I., Ilro: 11"",0 !toll~ SOC\Jrln\j Ihe walcI pump to the cvl. ,,!! c ' Dloek NOh) III;" ".".h hoi I IS 1,1(0d w,lh;1 sjl ""!J washe, ,111,1111,,1. ,'s Ihe Dol l 's 1.,1l'ped bv II", Iii" pulley. 11 Will hC necessary tu l"ogresslvelV s lncken till) holts alld pilil Ihe W.ltcr ))ump il",ny "0111 Ihe cvlinder blocl.: The )ocm,on 01 Ihe hailS should be "oled, so Ihm Ihey ilre reflued on Iherr 011\)",,,1 POSlllons. 7 Oncc all ItHee boilS hilve been unscrewed hom Ihe cVlrnde , blod the Wille, P""'P m"y he 'emoved ilnd Ihe 0.1sk(:1 se';'ped off
, '.,
" ,
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82 Thermosl"l hOU5111g ilnd lUll hose (3 0 l 'l'c ellUllle)
"'(~ .• ',. . .(. .
" ,t>
~ ~) ;;f;\!?r
~' , ((~.~ ::";--
~ -.;~ . ." ... -'
~
" ' ,1 . -'
iP" ~,,,
, : 1 '
8 9 Rcmov,ng Ihe IhefnlOSI
.. ,''''' ' A ~ ~ I.-
~~. "Is.\. ,,-~-,,~ -, .. ~"'1"1 .
~
86 ThelmOS!,;1 hous;"\) w"h b01\o", hose d isconnected ""d he,1(Cr hose connecled (2 8 hl.e enU IIle)
'.
,
., ( c ,
jj, ~
8.13A F,n ing a new Ihe,mOSla l hou5'r1U gasket (2.8 loire en[llllc)
• It .,
"
_ /.i
P'
''''' "'" ~)?-,
. f . " "I ' , I ' {. I
l~/
), ".
r
. f .,
, 1 ,;~,
88 Rcmovrng the Ihe.moslnt housing \28 litre engine)
~
',' . -. , '" , ' ..
~,t;
'~'" " . ",
""". L '~cl, \ -./ . -~ ,\'( dr-
, ':'''''~' ._,,1 r;;~
:~';-. '$! \§' ! .... .
{'
8 13B TlghlCnrng the thermOS!ill hous,ng L>olts (28 hl.e enu.ne)
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62 Chapter 2 Cooling system
2.8 litre engine 8 Remove the radrator ,lnd Shroud as descrIbed In SectIon 7. 9 Remove the dlll/cbell (Section 10). 10 Remove the ftm and pulley (Section 11) 11 Remove rhe lhcrmosln (Section 8). 12 D,sconnr:c l the hose 110'11 the therm ostat rca r elbow. 1 J Unhoh the wale, pump from the engme, nOlmg the loem'ol] of
(1
ench IJ0l11'15 they arc of Yil"OUS lengths (phOlos). 14 $OilpC aU the (lasket .
All ellgines 15 Rchumg is 11 reversal 01 removal, bUI elc",'1 the l11m'ng rolCC~ .111< ollw
Fig. 2.4 Therllloslllt iln d Wil le r pump components on the 3 .0 litH! engine (Sees 8 and 9)
9 1 3A Unbolting the water pump (2.8 li!le eflg inr:) I
Walt"
l)lJtlljJ " I-Iousi"g 2 Bo/( 5 G,lSI
C ' I . .. ;:
9 .1 5 Fitt ing the water puml' gaskel (2 8 hire engine)
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Chapter 2 Cooling system 63
10 Orivcbelts -rcmoval .. nd refitting
Where ilpphcilhle. remove the power slecrinl] pump d rive b elt w Ith refe rence to Ch
Fm hest acce~s to th e fan. 1"~1 ,,:(l10VH th e ""hatol "s dc~c"hcd Ifl
y
SectIon 7 2 Remove the drivcbel\{s) (Section 10) 3 Wlwlc the filn hils ,1 centrill bolt unscrew Ihis ilnd wllhdrnw the fan from the extension Shilh. 4 If the Ian IS secured by
~~-~~,==========~)
I( t-ix~
(0
Fig. 2.5 Manifold spanner lor removal of the viscolls drive Inn (Sec 11)
x -2[j 0 "'''' (I 0111) Y -1201ll1ll(05ill)
e
11.5 80l1s securing filn 10 viscous cuupling 11.6 Unholting the w