2023 FORD EXPEDITION power steering

HOW DOES FOUR-WHEEL
DRIVE WORK
Using the 1-Speed Automatic Four-Wheel Drive System
The 1-speed automatic four-wheel drivesystem utilizes an electronically controlledon-demand 1-speed transfer case. Thissystem monitors various vehicle sensoryinputs to provide an increased level ofperformance. This system offers the drivertwo-wheel drive high, four-wheel driveauto and four-wheel drive high as availablemodes of operation via the selectable drivemode switch. When you select four-wheeldrive auto the system continuously variespower to the front wheels for optimumperformance for all on-road conditions.When you select four-wheel drive high thesystem provides power to the front andrear wheels for use in off-road or slipperyconditions such as deep snow, sand ormud. There is further information on drivingin unique driving conditions. See DrivingHints (page 389).
Using the 2-Speed AutomaticFour-Wheel Drive System (If Equipped)
The 2-speed automatic four-wheel drivesystem utilizes an electronically controlledon-demand 2-speed transfer case. Thissystem monitors various vehicle sensoryinputs to provide an increased level ofperformance. This system offers the drivertwo-wheel drive high, four-wheel driveauto, four-wheel drive high, and four-wheeldrive low as available modes of operation.When you select four-wheel drive auto thesystem continuously varies power to thefront wheels for optimum performance forall on-road conditions. When you selecteither four-wheel drive high or four-wheeldrive low with the appropriate drive modes,the four-wheel drive system provideselectronically locked power to the frontand rear wheels for use in off-road or
slippery conditions such as deep snow,sand or mud. Selecting four-wheel drivelow also provides additional gearing forincreased torque multiplication forconditions like deep sand, snow, steepslopes, or pulling heavy objects. SeeSelecting a Four-Wheel Drive Mode(page 220).Additionally, the system iscapable of recreational flat towing byputting the transfer case into neutral (N).See Recreationally Towing YourVehicle (page 400).
There is further information on driving inunique driving conditions. See DrivingHints (page 389).
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE
PRECAUTIONS
WARNING: Vehicles with a highercenter of gravity (utility and four-wheeldrive vehicles) handle differently thanvehicles with a lower center of gravity(passenger cars). Avoid sharp turns,excessive speed and abrupt steering inthese vehicles. Failure to drive cautiouslyincreases the risk of losing control of yourvehicle, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
WARNING: Do not becomeoverconfident in the ability of four-wheeldrive vehicles. Although a four-wheeldrive vehicle may accelerate better thana two-wheel drive vehicle in low tractionsituations, it won't stop any faster thantwo-wheel drive vehicles. Always driveat a safe speed.
Truck and utility vehicles can differ fromsome other vehicles. Your vehicle could behigher to allow it to travel over roughterrain without getting stuck or damagingunderbody components. The differencesthat make your vehicle so versatile also
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Note:If your vehicle has anti-lock brakes,apply the brakes steadily. Do not pump thebrakes.
DRIVING ON SNOW AND ICE
Four-wheel drive vehicles have advantagesover two-wheel drive vehicles in snow andice but can skid like any other vehicle.Should you start to slide while driving onsnowy or icy roads, turn the steering wheelin the direction of the slide until you regaincontrol.
Avoid sudden applications of power andquick changes of direction on snow andice. Apply the accelerator slowly andsteadily when starting from a full stop.Avoid sudden braking. Although afour-wheel drive vehicle can acceleratebetter than a two-wheel drive vehicle insnow and ice, it cannot stop any faster asbraking occurs at all four wheels. Do notbecome overconfident as to roadconditions.
Make sure you allow sufficient distancebetween you and other vehicles forstopping. Drive slower than usual andconsider using one of the lower gears. Inemergency stopping situations, apply thebrake steadily. Do not pump the brakepedal. See Anti-Lock Braking SystemLimitations (page 229).
Note:Excessive tire slippage can causetransmission damage.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE –
TROUBLESHOOTING
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE – WARNINGLAMPS
Illuminates when a four-wheeldrive or power train fault ispresent.
Note:When a system fault is present, thesystem can typically remain in whichevermode was selected prior to the faultcondition occurring. It does not default totwo-wheel drive in all circumstances. Whenthis warning is displayed, have your vehicleserviced by an authorized dealer.
FOUR-WHEEL DRIVE – INFORMATION MESSAGES
ActionMessage
A four-wheel drive system fault is present.Have your vehicle checked as soon aspossible.
Check 4x4
The four-wheel drive system is making ashift.4x4 Shift in Progress
Displays when you attempt to switch tofour-wheel drive low mode and you do notshift the transmission to neutral (N) first.
For 4x4 LOW Shift to N
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WHAT IS TRACTION CONTROL
The traction control system helps to avoiddrive wheel spin and loss of traction.
HOW DOES TRACTION
CONTROL WORK
If your wheels begin to spin, the loss oftraction can compromise steering controland stability of the vehicle. The tractioncontrol system applies the brakes toindividual wheels and when needed,reduces engine power at the same time toincrease traction.
SWITCHING TRACTION
CONTROL ON AND OFF
WARNING: Operating your vehiclewith the traction control disabled couldlead to an increased risk of loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
The traction control system turns on eachtime you switch the ignition on.
The button for the stability and tractioncontrol system is on the instrument panel.
Press and release the button to switchtraction control off. The stability controlsystem remains fully active, to switch it off,press and hold the button for a fewseconds, then release.
When you switch traction control off, amessage and an illuminated icon appearon the instrument cluster.
Press the switch again to turn the tractioncontrol system back on to normaloperation.
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow,switching traction control off may bebeneficial as this allows the wheels to spin.
TRACTION CONTROL
INDICATOR
Stability and Traction ControlIndicator
If the indicator does notilluminate when you switch theignition on, or remains on whenthe engine is running, this indicates amalfunction. Have your vehicle checkedby an authorized dealer as soon aspossible.
The traction control off indicatorilluminates when you switch thetraction control system off, orwhen an alternative stability control modeis selected that requires the tractioncontrol off depending on the drive modeselected.
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HOW DOES STABILITY
CONTROL WORK
WARNING: Vehicle modificationsinvolving braking system, aftermarketroof racks, suspension, steering system,tire construction and wheel and tire sizemay change the handling characteristicsof your vehicle and may adversely affectthe performance of the electronicstability control system. In addition,installing any stereo speakers mayinterfere with and adversely affect theelectronic stability control system.Reducing the effectiveness of theelectronic stability control system couldlead to an increased risk of loss of vehiclecontrol, vehicle rollover, personal injuryand death.
WARNING: Remember that evenadvanced technology cannot defy thelaws of physics. It's always possible tolose control of a vehicle due toinappropriate driver input for theconditions. Aggressive driving on anyroad condition can cause you to losecontrol of your vehicle increasing the riskof personal injury or property damage.Activation of the electronic stabilitycontrol system is an indication that atleast some of the tires have exceededtheir ability to grip the road; this couldreduce the operator's ability to controlthe vehicle potentially resulting in a lossof vehicle control, vehicle rollover,personal injury and death.
WARNING: You are responsible forcontrolling your vehicle at all times. Thesystem is designed to be an aid and doesnot relieve you of your responsibility todrive with due care and attention. Failureto follow this instruction could result inthe loss of control of your vehicle,personal injury or death.
If a driving condition activates either thestability control or traction control you mayexperience the following conditions:
•The stability and traction control lightflashes.
•Your vehicle slows down.
•Reduced engine power.
The stability control system has severalfeatures built into it to help you maintaincontrol of your vehicle:
Electronic Stability Control
Electronic stability control enhances yourvehicle’s ability to prevent skids or lateralslides by applying brakes to one or moreof the wheels individually and, if necessary,reducing engine power.
Roll Stability Control
Roll stability control enhances yourvehicle’s ability to prevent rollovers bydetecting your vehicle’s roll motion andthe rate at which it changes by applyingthe brakes to one or more wheelsindividually.
Curve Control
Curve control enhances your vehicle’sability to follow the road when corneringseverely or avoiding objects in the roadway.Curve control operates by reducing enginepower and, if necessary, applying brakesto one or more of the wheels individually.
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ELECTRIC POWER STEERING
HOW DOES ELECTRIC POWERSTEERING WORK
The electric power steering system assiststhe brake system to help operateadvanced stability control and accidentavoidance systems.
If your vehicle loses electrical power ordetects a concern when you are driving thesystem switches off and you retain normalsteering function. Additionally, wheneverthe battery is disconnected or a newbattery is installed, you must drive yourvehicle a short distance before the systemrelearns the strategy and reactivates allsystems.
ELECTRIC POWER STEERINGPRECAUTIONS
WARNING: The electric powersteering system has diagnostic checksthat continuously monitor the system. Ifa fault is detected, a message displaysin the information display. Stop yourvehicle as soon as it is safe to do so.Switch the vehicle off. After at least 10seconds, switch the vehicle on andwatch the information display for asteering system warning message. If asteering system warning messagereturns, have the system checked assoon as possible.
WARNING: If the system detectsan error, you may not feel a difference inthe steering, however a serious conditionmay exist. Have your vehicle checked assoon as possible. Failure to do so mayresult in loss of steering control.
Adapt your speed and driving behavioraccording to reduced steering assist.
Extreme continuous steering may increasethe effort to steer. This occurs to preventinternal overheating and damage to thesteering system. If this occurs, you will notlose the ability to steer your vehiclemanually nor will it cause damage to thesystem. Normal steering and driving allowsthe system to cool down and steeringassist returns to normal.
Note:There is no fluid reservoir to check orfill.
STEERING –
TROUBLESHOOTING
STEERING – WARNINGINDICATORS
The electric power steeringsystem indicator illuminates ifthe system detects a fault duringthe continuous diagnostic checks.
Note:If a red warning message displays,stop your vehicle as soon as it is safe to doso.
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STEERING – INFORMATION MESSAGES
ActionMessage
The power steering system has detected acondition that requires service. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Fault Service Now
The power steering system is not working.Stop your vehicle in a safe place. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Loss Stop Safely
The power steering system has detected acondition that requires service. Have yourvehicle checked as soon as possible.
Steering Assist Fault Service Required
The steering system has detected a condi-tion that requires service. Have your vehiclechecked as soon as possible.
Steering Lock Malfunction Service Now
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WHAT IS DRIVE MODE
CONTROL
Your vehicle has various drive modes thatyou can select for different drivingconditions. Depending on the drive modethat you select, the system adjusts variousvehicle settings.
HOW DOES DRIVE MODE
CONTROL WORK
Drive mode control adjusts your vehicleconfiguration for each mode you select.
Changing the drive mode adjusts thesteering effort and feel of the steeringsystem.
The stability and traction control assistyour vehicle control in adverse conditionsor high-performance driving.
Throttle control enhances the powertrainresponse, transmission controls becomeoptimized with shift schedules, andfour-wheel drive settings are optimizedand tuned to each mode.
Changing the drive mode can engage ordisengage the electronic lockingdifferentials.
Changing the drive mode changes thefour-wheel drive mode to the defaultsetting for the selected drive mode.
Note:The system has diagnostic checksthat continuously monitor the system forproper operation. If a mode is unavailabledue to a system fault, the drive modesystem defaults to normal. When thesystem defaults to normal, the drivelinesettings remain the same as prior to thesystem fault.
Note:The system reverts to the normalmode each time you start your vehicle. Atstartup the system also displays a prompton the instrument cluster display that givesyou the option to return to the previouslyselected drive mode during the last ignitioncycle. If you select yes, the system returnsto the last selected drive mode and thedefault driveline settings associated withthat mode. If you select no, the systemremains in normal mode and the drivelinesettings remain the same as selected in theprior ignition cycle. If you do not select yesor no, the system stays in normal mode andthe driveline settings remain the same asselected in the prior ignition cycle.
SELECTING A DRIVE MODE
Rotate the drive mode control on thecenter console to select or change a drivemode.
Note:Button icons vary depending on thevehicle.
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controller. Sand mode optimizes brakingfor off-road conditions, allowing quick pathcorrections and minimized stoppingdistance when on deformable surfaces.The engine sound enhances when in sandmode.
The rear differential lock feature isavailable in sand mode. When enabled itis engaged below 30 mph (48 km/h).
Note:Using sand mode on dry, hardsurfaces could produce some vibration,driveline bind up, potential excessive tirewear and vehicle wear.
Note:Do not use on firm, slippery surfaces,such as paved roads covered with snow orice or driving on packed snow. For slippery,firm surfaces use slippery mode.
SLIPPERY - 4X4
For less than ideal roadconditions such as snow or icecovered roads. Use this mode forcrossing terrain where loose or slipperymaterials cover a firm surface. Slipperymode lowers throttle response andoptimizes shifting for slippery surfaces.
Four-wheel drive auto is the defaultfour-wheel drive mode. Two-wheel drivehigh is not available in slippery mode.
The electronic locking differential isavailable below 25 mph (40 km/h). SeeLocking and Unlocking the ElectronicLimited-Slip Differential (page 227).
Note:Do not use this mode when drivingon dry pavement. This could cause drivelinebind up and damage the system dependingon the four-wheel drive mode selection.See Four-Wheel Drive (page 219).
SLIPPERY - 4X2
For less than ideal roadconditions such as snow or icecovered roads. Use this mode forcrossing terrain where loose or slipperymaterials cover a firm surface. Slipperymode lowers throttle response andoptimizes shifting for slippery surfaces.
The electronic locking differential isavailable below 25 mph (40 km/h). SeeLocking and Unlocking the ElectronicLimited-Slip Differential (page 227).
Note:Do not use this mode when drivingon dry pavement. This could cause drivelinebind up and damage the system dependingon the four-wheel drive mode selection.See Four-Wheel Drive (page 219).
Note:Depending on your vehicle options,some mode names can appear different ornot at all.
SPORT - 4X4
For sporty driving with improvedperformance handling andresponse. This mode increasesaccelerator pedal response and providesa sportier steering feel. The powertrainsystem holds onto lower gears longer,helping your vehicle accelerate faster.
Four-wheel drive auto is the defaultfour-wheel drive mode. Four-wheel drivelow is not available in sport mode.
The system tunes the steering andsuspension to provide a more connectedand spirited driving experience.
The electronic locking differential isavailable below 25 mph (40 km/h). SeeLocking and Unlocking the ElectronicLimited-Slip Differential (page 227).
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