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Driving and Operating 325
manufacturers recommend
replacing tires more than six
years old.
Overloading is another leading
cause of trailer tire blow-outs.
Never load your trailer with
more weight than the tires are
designed to support. The load
rating is located on the trailer
tire sidewall.
Always know the maximum
speed rating for the trailer
tires before driving. This may
be significantly lower than the
vehicle tire speed rating. The
speed rating may be on the
trailer tire sidewall. If the
speed rating is not shown, the
default trailer tire speed rating
is 105 km/h (65 mph).Conversions and
Add-Ons
Add-On Electrical
Equipment
{Warning
The Data Link Connector
(DLC) is used for vehicle
service and Emission
Inspection/Maintenance
testing. See Malfunction
Indicator Lamp (Check
Engine Light)0126. A device
connected to the DLC —
such as an aftermarket fleet
or driver-behavior tracking
device —may interfere with
vehicle systems. This could
affect vehicle operation and
cause a crash. Such devices
may also access information
stored in the vehicle’s
systems.
Caution
Some electrical equipment
can damage the vehicle or
cause components to not
work and would not be
covered by the vehicle
warranty. Always check with
your dealer before adding
electrical equipment.
Add-on equipment can drain
the vehicle's 12-volt battery,
even if the vehicle is not
operating.
The vehicle has an airbag
system. Before attempting to
add anything electrical to the
vehicle, see Servicing the
Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 076
and Adding Equipment to the
Airbag-Equipped Vehicle 077.
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326 Vehicle Care
Vehicle Care
General Information
General Information . . . . . . 327
California PerchlorateMaterials
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Accessories and Modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Vehicle Checks
Doing Your OwnService Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328
Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Engine Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331
Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 332
Engine Oil Life System . . . 335
Automatic Transmission Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Engine Air Filter Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Engine Air Cleaner/ Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Engine Overheating . . . . . . 342
Washer Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Brake Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345 Battery - North
America . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
All-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Park Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check . . . . . . . 347
Wiper Blade Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347
Windshield Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 349Headlamp Aiming
Front Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Bulb Replacement
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . 350
LED Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Front Turn SignalLamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
Back-Up Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351
Electrical System
Electrical System Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 354
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
Wheels and Tires
Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364
All-Season Tires . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Winter Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
Summer Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
Tire Sidewall Labeling . . . . 367
Tire Designations . . . . . . . . . . 369
Tire Terminology andDefinitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370
Tire Pressure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Tire Pressure for High-Speed
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Tire Pressure Monitor System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Tire Pressure Monitor Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Tire Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
Tire Rotation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
When It Is Time for New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . 383
Different Size Tires and Wheels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Uniform Tire Quality Grading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Wheel Alignment and Tire Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Wheel Replacement . . . . . . 387
Tire Chains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 388
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344 Vehicle Care
Caution (Continued)
damage the washer fluid
tank and other parts of
the washer system.
.When using concentrated
washer fluid, follow the
manufacturer instructions
for adding water.
.Fill the washer fluid tank
only three-quarters full
when it is very cold. This
allows for fluid expansion
if freezing occurs, which
could damage the tank if it
is completely full.
Brakes
Disc brake linings have built-in
wear indicators that make a
high-pitched warning sound
when the brake linings are
worn and new linings are
needed. The sound can come
and go or can be heard all the
time when the vehicle is
moving, except when applying
the brake pedal firmly.
{Warning
The brake wear warning
sound means that soon the
brakes will not work well.
That could lead to a crash.
When the brake wear
warning sound is heard,
have the vehicle serviced.
Caution
Continuing to drive with
worn-out brake linings could
result in costly brake repairs.
Some driving conditions or
climates can cause a brake
squeal when the brakes are
first applied, clearing up
following several applications.
This does not mean something
is wrong with the brakes.
Properly torqued wheel nuts
are necessary to help prevent
brake pulsation. When tires
are rotated, inspect brake
linings for wear and evenly
tighten wheel nuts in the proper sequence to torque
specifications. See Capacities
and Specifications
0433.
Brake pads should be replaced
as complete axle sets.
Brake Pedal Travel
See your dealer if the brake
pedal does not return to
normal height, or if there is a
rapid increase in pedal travel.
This could be a sign that brake
service may be required.
Replacing Brake System
Parts
Always replace brake system
parts with new, approved
replacement parts. If this is
not done, the brakes may not
work properly. The braking
performance can change in
many ways if the wrong brake
parts are installed or if parts
are improperly installed.
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364 Vehicle Care
Fuses UsageF41 BCM 1 SS –Body
Control Module 1
(Stop/Start) –LED
Indicator Lighting
Control, Accessory
LED Control,
Run-Start LED
Control, Ambient
Lighting LED
Control 2, Liftgate
Latch Motor Control
Signal, Rear Wiper
Control Signal, High
Beam Lamp Control
(Direct Drive), Rear
Fog LED Lamp
Control Signal,
Windshield Washer
Pump Motor Control
Signal, Run/Crank
Relay Control Signal,
ECM/TCM ACC
Wakeup Control
Signal, Left Rear Turn
Control Signal, Rear
Wiper Wash Pump
Control Signal, Brake
Pedal Apply Signal Fuses Usage
F42 RDO –Radio
F43 APO CNSL –Console
Auxiliary Power
Outlet (Circuit
Breaker)
–
F44 Spare –
Relay Usage K1 –
K2 RAP/ACCY
–
Retained
Accessory Power
K3 Content Theft
–
Not Used
K4 –
K5 –Wheels and Tires
Tires
Every new GM vehicle has
high-quality tires made by a
leading tire manufacturer.
See the warranty manual
for information regarding
the tire warranty and
where to get service. For
additional information refer
to the tire manufacturer.
{Warning
.Poorly maintained and
improperly used tires
are dangerous.
.Overloading the tires
can cause overheating
as a result of too much
flexing. There could be
a blowout and a serious
crash. See Vehicle Load
Limits0242.
(Continued)
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Vehicle Care 365
Warning (Continued)
.Underinflated tires
pose the same danger
as overloaded tires. The
resulting crash could
cause serious injury.
Check all tires
frequently to maintain
the recommended
pressure. Tire pressure
should be checked
when the tires are cold.
.Overinflated tires are
more likely to be cut,
punctured, or broken by
a sudden impact—such
as when hitting a
pothole. Keep tires at
the recommended
pressure.
.Worn or old tires can
cause a crash. If the
tread is badly worn,
replace them.
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
.Replace any tires that
have been damaged by
impacts with potholes,
curbs, etc.
.Improperly repaired
tires can cause a crash.
Only your dealer or an
authorized tire service
center should repair,
replace, dismount, and
mount the tires.
.Do not spin the tires in
excess of 56 km/h
(35 mph) on slippery
surfaces such as snow,
mud, ice, etc. Excessive
spinning may cause the
tires to explode.
See Tire Pressure for
High-Speed Operation
0 374 for inflation pressure
adjustment for high-speed
driving.
All-Season Tires
This vehicle may come with
all-season tires. These tires
are designed to provide good
overall performance on most
road surfaces and weather
conditions. Original equipment
tires designed to GM's specific
tire performance criteria have
a TPC specification code
molded onto the sidewall.
Original equipment all-season
tires can be identified by the
last two characters of this
TPC code, which will be “MS.”
Consider installing winter tires
on the vehicle if frequent
driving on snow or ice-covered
roads is expected. All-season
tires provide adequate
performance for most winter
driving conditions, but they
may not offer the same level
of traction or performance as
winter tires on snow or
ice-covered roads. See Winter
Tires 0366.
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366 Vehicle Care
Winter Tires
This vehicle was not originally
equipped with winter tires.
Winter tires are designed for
increased traction on snow
and ice-covered roads.
Consider installing winter tires
on the vehicle if frequent
driving on ice or snow covered
roads is expected. See your
dealer for details regarding
winter tire availability and
proper tire selection. Also, see
Buying New Tires0383.
With winter tires, there may
be decreased dry road
traction, increased road noise,
and shorter tread life. After
changing to winter tires, be
alert for changes in vehicle
handling and braking.
If using winter tires:
.Use tires of the same brand
and tread type on all four
wheel positions.
.Use only radial ply tires of
the same size, load range,
and speed rating as the
original equipment tires.
Winter tires with the same
speed rating as the original
equipment tires may not be
available for H, V, W, Y, and ZR
speed rated tires. If winter
tires with a lower speed rating
are chosen, never exceed the
tire's maximum speed
capability.
Summer Tires
This vehicle may come with
235/55R18 or 245/45R20
high performance summer
tires. These tires have a
special tread and compound
that are optimized for
maximum dry and wet road
performance. This special
tread and compound will have
decreased performance in
cold climates, and on ice and
snow. It is recommended that
winter tires be installed on the
vehicle if frequent driving at
temperatures below approximately 5 °C (40 °F) or
on ice or snow covered roads
is expected. See Winter Tires
0
366.
Caution
High performance summer
tires have rubber
compounds that lose
flexibility and may develop
surface cracks in the tread
area at temperatures below
−7 °C (20 °F). Always store
high performance summer
tires indoors and at
temperatures above −7 °C
(20 °F) when not in use. If the
tires have been subjected to
−7 °C (20 °F) or less, let them
warm up in a heated space
to at least 5 °C (40 °F) for
24 hours or more before
being installed or driving a
vehicle on which they are
installed. Do not apply heat
or blow heated air directly (Continued)
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Vehicle Care 367
Caution (Continued)
on the tires. Always inspect
tires before use. See Tire
Inspection0380.
Tire Sidewall Labeling
Useful information about a
tire is molded into its
sidewall. The examples
show a typical passenger
vehicle tire and a compact
spare tire sidewall.
Passenger Tire Example
(1) Tire Size:The tire size
is a combination of letters
and numbers used to
define a particular tire's
width, height, aspect ratio,
construction type, and
service description. See the
“Tire Size” illustration in
this section.
(2) TPC Spec (Tire
Performance Criteria
Specification)
:Original
equipment tires designed
to GM's specific tire
performance criteria have a
TPC specification code
molded onto the sidewall.
GM's TPC specifications
meet or exceed all federal
safety guidelines.
(3) DOT (Department of
Transportation)
:The
Department of
Transportation (DOT) code
indicates that the tire is in
compliance with the U.S. Department of
Transportation Motor
Vehicle Safety Standards.
DOT Tire Date of
Manufacture
:The last
four digits of the TIN
indicate the tire
manufactured date. The
first two digits represent
the week and the last two
digits, the year. For
example, the third week of
the year 2020 would have
a 4-digit DOT date of 0320.
Week 01 is the first full
week (Sunday through
Saturday) of each year.
(4) Tire Identification
Number (TIN)
:The letters
and numbers following the
DOT (Department of
Transportation) code are
the Tire Identification
Number (TIN). The TIN
shows the manufacturer
and plant code, tire size,
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368 Vehicle Care
and date the tire was
manufactured. The TIN is
molded onto both sides of
the tire, although only one
side may have the date of
manufacture.
(5) Tire Ply Material
:The
type of cord and number of
plies in the sidewall and
under the tread.
(6) Uniform Tire Quality
Grading (UTQG)
:Tire
manufacturers are required
to grade tires based on
three performance factors:
tread wear, traction, and
temperature resistance.
For more information see
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading 0385.
(7) Maximum Cold
Inflation Load Limit
:
Maximum load that can be
carried and the maximum
pressure needed to
support that load.
Compact Spare Tire Example
(1) Tire Ply Material:The
type of cord and number of
plies in the sidewall and
under the tread.
(2) Temporary Use Only
:
The compact spare tire or
temporary use tire should
not be driven at speeds
over 80 km/h (50 mph). The
compact spare tire is for
emergency use when a
regular road tire has lost
air and gone flat. If the
vehicle has a compact spare tire, see Compact
Spare Tire
0404 and
If a Tire Goes Flat 0389.
(3) Tire Identification
Number (TIN)
:The letters
and numbers following the
DOT (Department of
Transportation) code are
the Tire Identification
Number (TIN). The TIN
shows the manufacturer
and plant code, tire size,
and date the tire was
manufactured. The TIN is
molded onto both sides of
the tire, although only one
side may have the date of
manufacture.
(4) Maximum Cold
Inflation Load Limit
:
Maximum load that can be
carried and the maximum
pressure needed to
support that load.