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Occupant distribution
Distribution of occupants in a
vehicle as specified in the third
column of Table 1 that is appended
to the end of this section.
Open splice
Any parting at any junction of tread,
sidewall, or innerliner that extends
to cord material.
Outer diameter
The overall diameter of an inflated
new tire.
Overall width
The linear distance between the
exteriors of the sidewalls of an
inflated tire, including elevations
due to labeling, decorations, or
protective bands or ribs.
Passenger car tire
A tire intended for use on passenger
cars, multipurpose passenger vehi-
cles, and trucks, that have a gross
vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of
10,000 lbs (4,535 kg) or less.
Ply
A layer of rubber-coated parallel
cords.
Ply separation
A parting of rubber compound
between adjacent plies.
Pneumatic tire
A mechanical device made of
rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel
or other materials, that, when
mounted on an automotive wheel,
provides the traction and contains
the gas or fluid that sustains the
load.
Production options weight
The combined weight of those
installed regular production options
weighing over 5.1 lbs (2.3 kg) in
excess of those standard items
which they replace, not previously
considered in curb weight or acces-
sory weight, including heavy duty
brakes, ride levelers, roof rack,
heavy duty battery, and special trim.
Radial ply tire
A pneumatic tire in which the ply
cords that extend to the beads are
laid at substantially 90 degrees to
the centerline of the tread.
Recommended inflation pres-
sure
The cold inflation pressure recom-
mended by a vehicle manufacturer.
Reinforced tire
A tire designed to operate at higher
loads and at higher inflation pres-
sures than the corresponding stan-
dard tire.
Rim
A metal support for a tire or a tire
and tube assembly upon which the
tire beads are seated.
Rim diameter
Nominal diameter of the bead seat.
Rim size designation
Rim diameter and width.
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Tire Information
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restraint system weighing 11 lbs (5
kg) is installed in the vehicle for the
child to use, the calculations are as
follows:
1. Calculate the total weight.
2. Calculate the available load
capacity.3. The total weight now exceeds
the capacity weight by 22 lbs (10
kg), so the cargo weight must be
reduced by 22 lbs (10 kg) or more.
■
Determining Compatibility of
Tire and Vehicle Load Capac-
itiesThe sum of four tires’ maximum
load ratings must exceed the
maximum loaded vehicle weight
(“GVWR”). In addition, sum of the
maximum load ratings of two front
tires and of two rear tires must
exceed each axle’s maximum
loaded capacity (“GVWR”). Original
equipment tires are designed to
fulfill those conditions.
The maximum loaded vehicle
weight is referred to Gross Vehicle
Weight Rating (GVWR). And each
axle’s maximum loaded capacity is
referred to Gross Axle Weight
Rating (GAWR). The GVWR and
each axle’s GAWR are shown on
the vehicle certification label affixed
to the driver’s door. The GVWR and front and rear
GAWRs are determined by not only
the maximum load rating of tires but
also loaded capacities of the
vehicle’s suspension, axles and
other parts of the body.
Therefore, this means that the
vehicle cannot necessarily be
loaded up to the tire’s maximum
load rating on the tire sidewall.
■
Adverse Safety Conse-
quences of Overloading on
Handling and Stopping and
on TiresOverloading could affect vehicle
handling, stopping distance, vehicle
and tire as shown in the following.
This could lead to an accident and
possibly result in severe personal
injury.
Vehicle stability will deteriorate.
Heavy and/or high-mounted
loads could increase the risk of
rollover.
Stopping distance will increase.
Brakes could overheat and fail.
Total weight
= 165 lbs (75 kg) + 143 lbs (65 kg)
+ 40 lbs (18 kg)
+ 11 lbs (5 kg) + 265 lbs (120 kg)
+ 22 lbs (10 kg) + 176 lbs (80 kg)
= 822 lbs (373 kg) (Occupant)
(Cargo)
(Trailer hitch)
(Child restraint)
(Tongue load)
(Occupant)Available Load Capacity
= 800 lbs (363 kg) 822 lbs (373 kg)
=
22 lbs ( 10 kg)(Vehicle
capacity weight) (Total weight)
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