Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
Vehicle Care 305
Lamp covers are made of plastic, and some
have a UV protective coating. Do not clean
or wipe them while they are dry.
Do not use any of the following on lamp
covers:
.Abrasive or caustic agents.
.Washer fluids and other cleaning agents
in higher concentrations than suggested
by the manufacturer.
.Solvents, alcohols, fuels, or other harsh
cleaners.
.Ice scrapers or other hard items.
.Aftermarket appearance caps or covers
while the lamps are illuminated, due to
excessive heat generated.
Caution
Failure to clean lamps properly can cause
damage to the lamp cover that would
not be covered by the vehicle warranty.
Caution
Using wax on low gloss black finish
stripes can increase the gloss level and
create a non-uniform finish. Clean low
gloss stripes with soap and water only.
Air Intakes
Clear debris from the air intakes, between
the hood and windshield, when washing the
vehicle.
Windshield and Wiper Blades
Clean the outside of the windshield with
glass cleaner.
Clean rubber blades using a lint-free cloth or
paper towel soaked with windshield washer
fluid or a mild detergent. Wash the
windshield thoroughly when cleaning the
blades. Bugs, road grime, sap, and a buildup
of vehicle wash/wax treatments may cause
wiper streaking.
Replace the wiper blades if they are worn or
damaged. Damage can be caused by
extreme dusty conditions, sand, salt, heat,
sun, snow, and ice.
Weatherstrips
Apply weatherstrip lubricant on
weatherstrips to make them last longer, seal
better, and not stick or squeak. Lubricate
weatherstrips once a year. Hot, dry climates
may require more frequent application. Black
marks from rubber material on paintedsurfaces can be removed by rubbing with a
clean cloth. See
Recommended Fluids and
Lubricants 0321.
Tires
Use a stiff brush with tire cleaner to clean
the tires.
Caution
Using petroleum-based tire dressing
products on the vehicle may damage the
paint finish and/or tires. When applying a
tire dressing, always wipe off any
overspray from all painted surfaces on
the vehicle.
Wheels and Wheel Trim
Use a soft, clean cloth with mild soap and
water to clean the wheels. After rinsing
thoroughly with clean water, dry with a
soft, clean towel. A wax may then be
applied.
Caution
Chrome wheels and chrome wheel trim
may be damaged if the vehicle is not
washed after driving on roads that have
been sprayed with magnesium chloride or
(Continued)
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
308 Vehicle Care
.Gently blot liquids with a paper towel.
Continue blotting until no more soil can
be removed.
.For solid soils, remove as much as
possible prior to vacuuming.
To clean: 1. Saturate a clean, lint-free colorfast cloth with water. Microfiber cloth is
recommended to prevent lint transfer to
the fabric or carpet.
2. Remove excess moisture by gently wringing until water does not drip from
the cleaning cloth.
3. Start on the outside edge of the soil and gently rub toward the center. Fold the
cleaning cloth to a clean area frequently
to prevent forcing the soil in to the
fabric.
4. Continue gently rubbing the soiled area until there is no longer any color
transfer from the soil to the cleaning
cloth.
5. If the soil is not completely removed, use a mild soap solution followed only
by plain water.
If the soil is not completely removed, it may
be necessary to use a commercial upholstery
cleaner or spot lifter. Test a small hidden area for colorfastness before using a
commercial upholstery cleaner or spot lifter.
If ring formation occurs, clean the entire
fabric or carpet.
After cleaning, use a paper towel to blot
excess moisture.
Cleaning High Gloss Surfaces and Vehicle
Information and Radio Displays
Use a microfiber cloth on high gloss surfaces
or vehicle displays. First, use a soft bristle
brush to remove dirt that can scratch the
surface. Then gently clean by rubbing with a
microfiber cloth. Never use window cleaners
or solvents. Periodically hand wash the
microfiber cloth separately, using mild soap.
Do not use bleach or fabric softener. Rinse
thoroughly and air dry before next use.
Caution
Do not attach a device with a suction cup
to the display. This may cause damage
and would not be covered by the vehicle
warranty.
Instrument Panel, Leather, Vinyl, Other
Plastic Surfaces, Low Gloss Paint
Surfaces, and Natural Open Pore Wood
Surfaces
Use a soft microfiber cloth dampened with
water to remove dust and loose dirt. For a
more thorough cleaning, use a soft
microfiber cloth dampened with a mild soap
solution.
Caution
Soaking or saturating leather, especially
perforated leather, as well as other
interior surfaces, may cause permanent
damage. Wipe excess moisture from
these surfaces after cleaning and allow
them to dry naturally. Never use heat,
steam, or spot removers. Do not use
cleaners that contain silicone or
wax-based products. Cleaners containing
these solvents can permanently change
the appearance and feel of leather or soft
trim, and are not recommended.
Do not use cleaners that increase gloss,
especially on the instrument panel. Reflected
glare can decrease visibility through the
windshield under certain conditions.
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
312 Service and Maintenance
Because of the way people use vehicles,
maintenance needs vary. There may need to
be more frequent checks and services. The
Additional Required Services - Normal are for
vehicles that:
.Carry passengers and cargo within
recommended limits on the Tire and
Loading Information label. SeeVehicle
Load Limits 0179.
.Are driven on reasonable road surfaces
within legal driving limits.
.Use the recommended fuel. See
Recommended Fuel 0217.
Refer to the information in the Maintenance
Schedule Additional Required Services -
Normal chart.
The Additional Required Services - Severe are
for vehicles that are:
.Mainly driven in heavy city traffic in hot
weather.
.Mainly driven in hilly or mountainous
terrain.
.Frequently towing a trailer.
.Used for high speed or competitive
driving.
.Used for taxi, police, or delivery service.
Refer to the information in the Maintenance
Schedule Additional Required Services -
Severe chart.
{Warning
Performing maintenance work can be
dangerous and can cause serious injury.
Perform maintenance work only if the
required information, proper tools, and
equipment are available. If they are not,
see your dealer to have a trained
technician do the work. See Doing Your
Own Service Work 0238.
Maintenance Schedule
Owner Checks and Services
Check the engine oil level. See Engine Oil
0 243.
Once a Month
.Check the tire inflation pressures,
including the spare. See Tire Pressure
0 274.
.Inspect the tires for wear. See Tire
Inspection 0278.
.Check the windshield washer fluid level.
See Washer Fluid 0252.
Engine Oil Change
When the CHANGE ENGINE OIL SOON
message displays, have the engine oil and
filter changed within the next 1 000 km
(600 mi). If driven under the best conditions,
the engine oil life system may not indicate
the need for vehicle service for up to a year.
The engine oil and filter must be changed at
least once a year and the oil life system
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
314 Service and Maintenance
.Visually inspect halfshafts and driveshafts
for excessive wear, lubricant leaks, and/or
damage including: tube dents or cracks,
constant velocity joint or universal joint
looseness, cracked or missing boots, loose
or missing boot clamps, center bearing
excessive looseness, loose or missing
fasteners, and axle seal leaks.
.Check restraint system components. See
Safety System Check033.
.Visually inspect fuel system for damage
or leaks.
.Visually inspect exhaust system and
nearby heat shields for loose or damaged
parts.
.Lubricate body components. See Exterior
Care 0303.
.Check starter switch. See Starter Switch
Check 0256.
.Check automatic transmission shift lock
control function. See Automatic
Transmission Shift Lock Control Function
Check 0256.
.Check ignition transmission lock. See
Ignition Transmission Lock Check 0256.
.Check parking brake and automatic
transmission park mechanism. See Park
Brake and P (Park) Mechanism Check
0 256.
.Check accelerator pedal for damage, high
effort, or binding. Replace if needed.
.Visually inspect gas strut for signs of
wear, cracks, or other damage. Check the
hold open ability of the strut. If the hold
open is low, service the gas strut. See Gas
Strut(s) 0257.
.Verify spare tire key lock operation and
lubricate as needed. See Tire Changing
0 285.
.Visually inspect the spare tire to ensure
that it is tightly stowed under the vehicle.
Push, pull, and try to turn the tire. If the
spare tire moves, tighten as necessary.
See Tire Changing 0285.
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
332 Customer Information
Services Provided
.Emergency Fuel Delivery:Delivery of
enough fuel for the vehicle to get to the
nearest service station.
.Lock-Out Service: Service to unlock the
vehicle if you are locked out. A remote
unlock may be available if you have
OnStar. For security reasons, the driver
must present identification before this
service is given.
.Emergency Tow from a Public Road or
Highway: Tow to the nearest Chevrolet
dealer for warranty service, or if the
vehicle was in a crash and cannot be
driven. Assistance is not given when the
vehicle is stuck in the sand, mud,
or snow.
.Flat Tire Change: Service to change a flat
tire with the spare tire. The spare tire,
if equipped, must be in good condition
and properly inflated. It is the owner's
responsibility for the repair or
replacement of the tire if it is not covered
by the warranty.
.Battery Jump Start: Service to jump start
a dead battery.
.Trip Interruption Benefits and Assistance:
If your trip is interrupted due to a
warranty event, incidental expenses may be reimbursed within the Powertrain
warranty period. Items considered are
reasonable and customary hotel, meals,
rental car, or a vehicle being delivered
back to the customer, up to 500 miles.
Services Not Included in Roadside
Assistance
.Impound towing caused by violation of
any laws
.Legal fines
.Mounting, dismounting, or changing of
snow tires, chains, or other traction
devices
Service is not provided if a vehicle is in an
area that is not accessible to the service
vehicle or is not a regularly traveled or
maintained public road, which includes ice
and winter roads. Off-road use is not
covered.
Services Specific to Canadian-Purchased
Vehicles
.Fuel Delivery: Reimbursement is up to
7 liters. If available, diesel fuel delivery
may be restricted. Propane and other
fuels are not provided through this
service.
.Lock-Out Service: Vehicle registration is
required.
.Trip Interruption Benefits and Assistance:
Must be over 150 km from where your
trip was started to qualify.
Pre-authorization, original detailed
receipts, and a copy of the repair orders
are required. Once authorization has been
received, the Roadside Assistance advisor
will help to make arrangements and
explain how to receive payment.
.Alternative Service: If assistance cannot
be provided right away, the Roadside
Assistance advisor may give permission to
get local emergency road service. You will
receive payment, up to $100, after
sending the original receipt to Roadside
Assistance. Mechanical failures may be
covered, however any cost for parts and
labor for repairs not covered by the
warranty are the owner responsibility.
Scheduling Service Appointments
When the vehicle requires warranty service,
contact your dealer and request an
appointment. By scheduling a service
appointment and advising the service
consultant of your transportation needs,
your dealer can help minimize your
inconvenience.
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
Customer Information 335
If a Crash Occurs
If there has been an injury, call emergency
services for help. Do not leave the scene of
a crash until all matters have been taken
care of. Move the vehicle only if its position
puts you in danger, or you are instructed to
move it by a police officer.
Give only the necessary information to
police and other parties involved in the
crash.
For emergency towing seeRoadside
Assistance Program 0331.
Gather the following information:
.Driver name, address, and telephone
number
.Driver license number
.Owner name, address, and telephone
number
.Vehicle license plate number
.Vehicle make, model, and model year
.Vehicle Identification Number (VIN)
.Insurance company and policy number
.General description of the damage to the
other vehicle Choose a reputable repair facility that uses
quality replacement parts. See
“Collision
Parts” earlier in this section.
If the airbag has inflated, see What Will You
See after an Airbag Inflates? 038.
Managing the Vehicle Damage Repair
Process
In the event that the vehicle requires
damage repairs, GM recommends that you
take an active role in its repair. If you have
a pre-determined repair facility of choice,
take the vehicle there, or have it towed
there. Specify to the facility that any
required replacement collision parts be
original equipment parts, either new
Genuine GM parts or recycled original GM
parts. Remember, recycled parts will not be
covered by the GM vehicle warranty.
Insurance pays the bill for the repair, but
you must live with the repair. Depending on
your policy limits, your insurance company
may initially value the repair using
aftermarket parts. Discuss this with the
repair professional, and insist on Genuine
GM parts. Remember, if the vehicle is
leased, you may be obligated to have the vehicle repaired with Genuine GM parts,
even if your insurance coverage does not
pay the full cost.
If another party's insurance company is
paying for the repairs, you are not obligated
to accept a repair valuation based on that
insurance company's collision policy repair
limits, as you have no contractual limits
with that company. In such cases, you can
have control of the repair and parts choices
as long as the cost stays within reasonable
limits.
Publication Ordering Information
Service Manuals
Service manuals have the diagnosis and
repair information on the engine,
transmission, axle, suspension, brakes,
electrical system, steering system, body, etc.
Customer Literature
Owner’s manuals are written specifically for
owners and are intended to provide basic
operational information about the vehicle.
The owner’s manual includes the
Maintenance Schedule for all models.
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
Index 349
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Compact Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
CompartmentsStorage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
Connected Services Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 344
Connections
Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Control Hill Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204
Traction and Electronic Stability . . . . . . . 202
Control Light
Hill Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Controls Steering Wheel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Coolant
Engine Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Cooling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163, 165
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Courtesy Transportation Program . . . . . . . . 333
Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208 Cruise Control (cont'd)
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330 Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Text Telephone (TTY) Users . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
Customer Information
Publications Ordering Information . . . . . 335
Customer Satisfaction Procedure . . . . . . . . . 328
Cybersecurity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 334
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2
Data Collection Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Database Coverage Explanations . . . . . . . . . . 135
Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Destination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Diagnostics Connected Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346
Differential, Limited-Slip . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Dome Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 Door
Ajar Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Driver Teen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Driver Information Center (DIC) . . . . . . . 93, 95
Driver Mode Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Driving Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Characteristics and Towing Tips . . . . . . . . 219
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Impaired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
E
Electrical Equipment, Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Chevrolet Colorado Owner Manual (GMNA-Localizing-U.S./Canada/Mexico-
14430421) - 2021 - CRC - 2/10/20
350 Index
Electrical SystemEngine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . 262
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 266
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Emergency OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
Engine Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Check Light (Malfunction Indicator) . . . . . 86
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Coolant Temperature Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Oil Pressure Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
Exit Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Extender, Seat Belt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33 Exterior Cargo Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Exterior Lamp Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Exterior Lamps Off Reminder . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Exterior Lighting Battery Saver . . . . . . . . . . 107
F
Fan
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Filter, Engine Air Cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Flash-to-Pass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Flashers, Hazard Warning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Flat Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284 Changing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285
Floor Mats . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309
Fluid Automatic Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 253
Four-Wheel Drive Transfer Case . . . . . . . . 195
Washer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Folding Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Forward Collision Alert (FCA) System . . . . . 213
Four-Wheel Drive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195, 254
Four-Wheel-Drive Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Frequency Statement
Radio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336
Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255 Front Axle (cont'd)
Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Front Fog Lamp Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Front Seats Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Heated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Fuel Additives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Economy, Driving for Better . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Filling a Portable Fuel Container . . . . . . . 219
Filling the Tank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Foreign Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Low Fuel Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
Management, Active . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Prohibited Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Recommended . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Top Tier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216
Full-Size Spare Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Fuses Engine Compartment Fuse Block . . . . . . . 262
Fuses and Circuit Breakers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Instrument Panel Fuse Block . . . . . . . . . . . 266
G
Gas Strut(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257