2020 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE service

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AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET
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Sensus software
This software uses parts of sources from clib2 and Prex Embedded Real-time OS - Source (Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1991, 1993, 1994),and Quercus Robusta (Copyright (c) 1990, 1993), The Regents of the University ofCalifornia. All or some portions are derived from material licensed to the University ofCalifornia by American Telephone and

AUDIO, MEDIA AND INTERNET
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OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESSINTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED ANDON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHERIN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OROTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUTOF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IFADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCHDAMAGE. This software is based in part on the work of the Independent JPEG Group. This software uses parts of sources from "libtess". The Original Code is: OpenGLSample Implementation, Version 1.2.1,released January 26, 2000, developed bySilicon Graphics, Inc. The Original Code isCopyright (c) 1991-2000 Silicon Graphics,Inc. Copyright in any portions created by thirdparties is as indicated elsewhere herein. AllRights Reserved. Copyright (C) [1991-2000]Silicon Graphics, Inc. All Rights Reserved.Permission is hereby granted, free of charge,to any person obtaining a copy of thissoftware and associated documentation files(the "Software"), to deal in the Softwarewithout restriction, including withoutlimitation the rights to use, copy, modify,merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/orsell copies of the Software, and to permitpersons to whom the Software is furnished todo so, subject to the following conditions: Theabove copyright notice including the dates of
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Linux software

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WHEELS AND TIRES
}}
547
Tires are perishable goods. After a few years, they will begin to harden and their frictionproperties will gradually deteriorate. Alwaysreplace tires with the freshest tires possible.This is particularly important for snow tires. Aseries of numbers is imprinted on the sidewallof the tire. The last four digits in the series isthe Department of Transportation (DOT)stamp and indicates the week and year thetire was manufactured. The tire in the illustra-tion has 0717 as the last four digits, whichmeans it was manufactured week 7 of 2017.
Tire ageTires degrade over time, even when they arenot being used. It is recommended that tiresgenerally be replaced after 6 years of normalservice. Heat caused by hot climates, frequenthigh loading conditions or Ultra Violet (U.V.)exposure can accelerate the aging process. The temporary spare
2
should also be replaced
at 6-year intervals, even if it has never been used. A tire with e.g., visible cracks or discol-oration should be replaced immediately.
Tire economy
Maintain correct tire pressure.
Avoid fast starts, hard braking and tirescreeching.
Tire wear increases with speed.
Correct front wheel alignment is veryimportant.
Unbalanced wheels impair tire economyand driving comfort.
Tires must maintain the same direction ofrotation throughout their lifetime.
When replacing tires, the tires with themost tread should be mounted on the rearwheels to reduce the chance of oversteerduring hard braking.
Hitting curbs or potholes can damage thetires and/or wheels permanently.
Tire rotationYour vehicle has no required tire rotation. Driv-ing style, tire pressure, climate and road con-ditions affect how quickly the tires age andexhibit signs of wear. Maintaining the correcttire pressure helps keep tread wear evenly dis-tributed. To help prevent differences in tread depth and wear patterns forming on the tires, the frontand rear wheels should be rotated, i.e. thefront tires moved to the rear and the rear tiresmoved to the front. Ideally, tire rotation shouldbe done the first time after approximately5000 km (ca 3100 miles) and thereafter at10,000 km (approx. 6200 miles) intervals. If you have any questions regarding tread depth, Volvo recommends consulting an authorized Volvo workshop. If significant dif-ferences in wear (> 1 mm difference in treaddepth) between the tires have already occur-red, the least worn tires should always bemounted on the rear wheels. A front-wheelskid (understeer) is usually easier to controlthan a rear-wheel skid (oversteer). If the frontwheels skid, the vehicle will continue in astraight line instead of the rear wheels skid-ding to the side, which could cause you tocompletely lose control of the vehicle. It istherefore important that the rear wheels neverlose grip before the front wheels.
Storing wheels and tiresWhen storing complete wheels (tires mountedon rims), they should be suspended off thefloor or placed on their sides on the floor. Tires not mounted on rims should be stored on their sides or standing upright, but should notbe suspended.
CAUTION
Tires should preferably be stored in a cool, dry, dark place, and should never be storedin close proximity to solvents, gasoline,oils, etc.
2
Not available on all models.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
548
WARNING
The wheel and tire sizes for your Volvo are specified to meet stringent stabilityand handling requirements. Unap-proved wheel/tire size combinationscan negatively affect your vehicle's sta-bility and handling.
Any damage caused by installation ofunapproved wheel/tire size combina-tions will not be covered by your newvehicle warranty. Volvo assumes noresponsibility for death, injury, orexpenses that may result from suchinstallations.
Related information
Checking tire pressure (p. 553)
Tire direction of rotation (p. 548)
Tread wear indicator (p. 549)
Tire pressure monitoring system
*
(p. 555)
Tire sealing system (p. 568)
Uniform Tire Quality Grading (p. 552)
Tire terminology (p. 549)
Tire sidewall designations (p. 550)
Loading recommendations (p. 585)
Tire direction of rotation Tires with tread designed to roll in only one direction are marked with an arrow on thesidewall.
The arrow shows the tire's direction of rotation.
The tire should maintain the same direc- tion of rotation throughout its service life.
Tires should only be moved between thefront and back, never from right to left orvice versa.
Incorrectly mounted tires impair the vehi-cle's braking properties and ability to forceaside rain, snow and slush.
The tires with the most tread shouldalways be mounted on the rear wheels tohelp reduce the risk of skidding.
NOTE
Use tires of the same type, dimensions and make (manufacturer) on each axle.
Related information
Tires (p. 546)

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.553
Checking tire pressure
Correct inflation pressure helps improve driv- ing stability, save fuel and increase the serv-ice life of the tires.
Tire pressure decreases over time, which is normal. Tire pressure also varies depending onthe ambient temperature. Driving on under-inflated tires could cause the vehicle to over-heat and lead to damage. Tire pressure affectstraveling comfort, road noise and driving cha-racteristics. Check the pressure in the tires every month. Use the recommended inflation pressure forcold tires to help maintain good tire perform-ance. Under-inflated or over-inflated tirescould cause uneven tread wear. Use an air pressure gauge and check the infla- tion pressure on all the tires, including the spare tire 4
, at least once a month and before
long trips. Volvo recommends buying a relia- ble air pressure gauge, as the automaticgauges provided at service stations may beinaccurate.
WARNING
Under-inflation is the most common cause of tire failure and may result insevere tire cracking, tread separation,or "blow-out," with unexpected loss ofvehicle control and increased risk ofinjury.
Under-inflated tires reduce the loadcarrying capacity of your vehicle.
Cold tiresInflation pressure should be checked when thetires are cold. The tires are considered to becold when they have the same temperature asthe surrounding (ambient) air. This tempera-ture is normally reached after the vehicle hasbeen parked for at least 3 hours. After driving for approximately 1.6 km (1 mile), the tires are considered to be warm. If youneed to drive longer than that to inflate thetires, check and record the inflation pressureof the tires first and inflate accordingly whenyou arrive at the pump. When the ambient temperature changes, so does the inflation pressure. A 10-degree tem-perature drop causes a corresponding drop ininflation pressure of 1 psi (7 kPa). Check theinflation pressure of the tires regularly andadjust to the correct pressure, which can be found on the vehicle's tire information decal orcertification label. If you check inflation pressure when the tires are warm, you should never release air. Thetires become warm after driving and it is nor-mal for warm tires to have an inflation pres-sure above the recommended pressure forcold tires. A warm tire with an inflation pres-sure equal to or under the recommended pres-sure for cold tires could be significantly under-inflated.Related information

Adjusting tire pressure (p. 554)
Recommended tire pressure (p. 555)
Tire pressure monitoring system
*
(p. 555)
Tires (p. 546)
4
Not available in all models.

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WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
556 the system is not operating properly. The TPMS malfunction indicator is combined withthe low tire pressure telltale. When the systemdetects a malfunction, the telltale will flash forapproximately one minute and then remaincontinuously illuminated. This sequence willcontinue upon subsequent vehicle start-ups aslong as the malfunction exists. When the mal-function indicator is illuminated, the systemmay not be able to detect or signal low tirepressure as intended. TPMS malfunctions may occur for a variety of reasons, including the installation of replace-ment or alternate tires or wheels on the vehi-cle that prevent the TPMS from functioningproperly. Always check the TPMS malfunction telltale after replacing one or more tires or wheels onyour vehicle to ensure that the replacement oralternate tires and wheels allow the TPMS tocontinue to function properly.
Messages in the instrument panelIf tire pressure is too low, the low tire pressurewarning symbol is shown in the instrumentpanel along with a message. Check the infla- tion pressure in the
Car Status app in the
center display.
Tire pressure low Check Car Status
app in center display
Tire pressure system Temporarily
unavailable
Tire pressure system Service required
To keep in mind
Always save the new inflation pressure in the system after changing a tire or adjust-ing the inflation pressure.
If you switch to a tire of another size thanthe factory-mounted tires, the systemmust be reset by storing a new inflationpressure for these tires to avoid falsewarnings.
If a spare wheel 8
is used, it is possible that
the tire pressure monitoring system willnot work correctly due to the differencesbetween the wheels.
The system does not replace the need forregular tire inspection and maintenance.
It is not possible to deactivate the tirepressure monitoring system.
WARNING
Incorrect inflation pressure could lead to tire failure, which could cause thedriver to lose control of the vehicle.
The system cannot predict sudden tiredamage.
Related information
Recommended tire pressure (p. 555)
Viewing tire pressure status in the center display
* (p. 558)
Action when warned of low tire pressure (p. 559)
Saving a new inflation pressure in the monitoring system
* (p. 557)
8
Not available on all models.

WHEELS AND TIRES
* Option/accessory.
558
Viewing tire pressure status in the center display *
With the system for tire pressure monitor- ing 10
, tire pressure status can be viewed in
the center display.
Checking statusThe vehicle may need to be driven for a few minutes at a speed above 35 km/h (22 mph)to activate the system. 1. Open the
Car Status app in App view.
2. Tap
TPMS to display the status of the
tires.
Status indicator light
The illustration is generic. Layout may vary depend- ing on vehicle model or software version.
Below are a few examples of messages that may be displayed for inflation pressure statusand what they mean.
Instrument panel: Tire
pressure low Check CarStatus app incenter displayThe indicator symbol will illuminate to indicate thatinflation pressure is lowin one or more tires. See the
Car Status app in
the center display for more information.
Instrument panel:
Tire
pressure sys- tem
Tempo-
rarily unavaila- ble
The indicator symbol will flash for about 1 minuteand then glow steadily.The system is temporarilyunavailable and will beactivated momentarily.
Instrument panel:
Tire
pressure sys- tem
Service
required
The indicator symbol will flash for about 1 minuteand then glow steadily. Ifthe system is not work-ing properly, contact a workshop A
.
A An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.
Related information
Saving a new inflation pressure in the monitoring system
* (p. 557)
Action when warned of low tire pressure (p. 559)
Tire pressure monitoring system
* (p. 555)
Vehicle status (p. 601)
10
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)