2019 MASERATI LEVANTE torque

“Off Road 2” ride height is limited
instead up to a max speed of 25 mph
(40 km/h). In case the vehicle speed
should exceed this limit, ride height
will be put automatically to “Off Road
1” while driving mode will remain
“OFF ROAD”.
An advantage of the higher ground
clearance is a better view of the road,
allowing you to anticipate problems.
A higher clearance and the longer
travel of the suspension might allow
the vehicle to overcome some
obstacles.
A higher ground clearance means a
higher center of gravity. If at all
possible, avoid sharp turns or abrupt
maneuvers. Failure to operate this
vehicle correctly may result in loss of
control or vehicle rollover .
Although the pneumatic suspension
system contributes to limiting these
risks by setting precautionary speed
thresholds, the driver must always pay
utmost attention and drive carefully.
WARNING!
“Off Road 2” ride height must always
be selected in case of water fording.
Please remember water fording limits:
max depth of the water must be lower than 19 in (50 cm) and crossing
speed lower than 5 mph (8 km/h).
In “OFF ROAD” drive mode, also
engine,
transmission settings are
changed in order to provide the most
suitable level of torque and selected
gear to improve traction on
low-adherence condition and uphill
climbing.
WARNING!
In case of downhill, the use of the Hill
Descent Control (HDC) is
recommended, especially for relevant
slope and in case of low-adherence
conditions.
Also suspensions (Skyhook Continuous
Damping
Control) are set
to a specific
calibration in “OFF ROAD” drive
mode, in order to obtain the right
damping force provided by the shock
absorbers, combined with the
increased ride heights “Off Road 1”
and “Off Road 2”.
Driving Through Water Set maximum ride height “Off Road
2” before driving through water.
Although your vehicle is capable of
driving through water, a number precautions must be considered
before entering the water.
NOTE:
Your vehicle is capable of water
fording to a maximum of 19 in (50 cm)
of water. To maintain optimal
performance of your vehicle’s heating
and ventilation system it is
recommended to switch the system
into recirculation mode during water
fording.
CAUTION!
When driving through water, do not
exceed 5 mph (8 km/h). Always check
water depth before entering, as a
precaution. Check all fluids
afterwards: driving through water
may cause damage to engine and
driveline that may not be covered by
the new vehicle limited warranty.
Driving through water more than a
few
inches/centimeters deep will
require extra caution to ensure safety
and prevent damage to your vehicle. If
you must drive through water, try to
determine the depth and the bottom
condition (and location of any
obstacles) prior to entering. Proceed
with caution and maintain a steadyDriving
5
265

Brake and Stability
Control System The vehicle is equipped with an
Electronic Stability Control System
(ESC), which helps to maintain
directional control in the event of loss
of grip of the tires. The system is able
to detect potentially dangerous
situations for the stability of the
vehicle and automatically sets the
brakes on all four wheels in a
differentiated manner, in order to
provide a torque settlement of the
vehicle.
ESC includes the following subsystems:
• ABS (Anti-lock Braking System);
• EBD (Electronic Brake-force
Distribution);
• TCS (Traction Control System);
• BAS (Brake Assist System);
• BTO (Brake Throttle Override);
• HSA (Hill Start Assist);
• ROM (Roll-Over Mitigation);
• TSM (Trailer Sway Mitigation);
• HDC (Hill Descent Control).
WARNING!
• These systems cannot prevent the natural laws of physics from
affecting the vehicle, nor can they
increase traction, braking or steering
efficiency beyond that afforded by
the condition of the vehicle brakes
and tires.
• These systems cannot prevent
collisions, including those resulting
from excessive speed in turns,
following another vehicle too
closely, or hydroplaning.
• The capabilities of a vehicle
equipped with these systems must
never be exploited in a reckless or
dangerous manner that could
jeopardize the driver’s and the
passenger’s safety or the safety of
others.
Electronic Stability Control
(ESC) This system enhances directional
control and stability of the vehicle
under various driving conditions. The
ESC corrects over steering and under
steering of the vehicle by applying the
brake to the appropriate wheel.
Engine power may also be reduced to
assist in counteracting the conditions
of instability and maintain the right
direction. The system is also able to
reduce the engine power. Through sensors fitted on the vehicle,
the ESC system detects the driver’s
chosen direction comparing it to the
one maintained while running. In case
of discrepancy between the required
trajectory and the current one, the
ESC system brakes the appropriate
wheel to counteract over or under
steering.
• Oversteer - when the vehicle is
turning more than appropriate for
the steering wheel position.
• Understeer - when the vehicle is
turning less than appropriate for the
steering wheel position.
The ESC system has two available
operating modes:
ESC on
This is the normal ESC operating
mode. At each start-up of the vehicle,
the ESC system is set in this mode and
should be used for most driving
conditions. The ESC should only be
turned off for specific reasons as
pointed out in the following
paragraphs.
ESC off
The “ESC off” mode is aimed for a
more spirited driving experience but
also purposeful for driving in sand, or
gravel. The current mode disables the
TCS portion of the ESC and raises theDriving
5
273

WARNING!
• The ABS contains sophisticated
electronic equipment that may be
susceptible to interference caused
by improperly installed or high
output radio transmitting
equipment. This interference can
cause possible loss of anti-lock
braking capability. Installation of
such equipment should be
performed by qualified Maserati
personnel.
• Pumping the Anti-Lock Brakes will
diminish their effectiveness.
Pumping brakes makes the stopping
distance longer. Just press firmly on
your brake pedal when you need to
slow down or stop.
• The ABS installed to this vehicle
does not control trailer braking
system. Pay utmost attention when
driving on slippery ground since the
trailer traction might get poorer.
• Do not modify the vehicle braking
system to control the trailer brakes.
The hydraulic system controlling
vehicle braking must remain
independent from trailer braking
system. Traction Control System (TCS) The current device is an integral part
of the ESC system. It operates
automatically by reducing the power
transmitted by the engine in case of
slipping, loss of grip on wet floor
(aquaplaning), acceleration on
slippery snow-covered or frozen
surfaces, etc.
Activating under slip conditions
different control systems:
• if slippage affects both drive wheels,
it reduces the power transmitted by
the engine;
• if slippage only affects one drive
wheel, it brakes the slipping wheel
automatically.
Brake Assist System (BAS) This system completes the ABS system
by optimizing the vehicle braking
capacity during emergency brake
maneuvers. The system detects an
emergency braking situation by
sensing the rate and amount of brake
application and then applies optimum
pressure to the brakes in order to help
reduce braking distances.
The quick brake coupling is optimal
for BAS performances. In order to fully
exploit the system, apply continuous
brake pedal pressure during the entire vehicle stop sequence. Do not reduce
brake pedal pressure earlier than
required. Once the brake pedal is
released, the BAS is deactivated.
Brake Throttle Override (BTO) To complete the range of systems that
assist braking, the vehicle is equipped
with BTO, which is designed to stop
the vehicle even when it is during
acceleration. If the brake pedal is
depressed together with the
accelerator, the system does not
consider as “conflict” the sequence
“brake-first-then-accelerator” of pedal
application and it will not engage the
BTO. When the system recognizes that
the accelerator pedal is stuck pressed
and the sequence “accelerator-first-
then-brake-pressed” (this sequence is
recognized as a “conflict”), the engine
power will be automatically reduced
and, if the driver continues to depress
the accelerator and the brake pedal,
the system can make the vehicle come
to a complete stop.
Additionally, if the brake pedal is
released when the accelerator is still
stuck pressed, the corresponding
engine torque increase gradually to a
safe value.
During this event, the ETC light
indicator will illuminate. The systemDriving
5
275

exits from this strategy when the
accelerator pedal is completely
unstuck.
Hill Start Assist (HSA) The HSA system is designed to assist
the driver when starting a vehicle
uphill. HSA will maintain the level of
brake pressure applied for a short
period of time also after releasing the
brake pedal.
If the driver does not apply the
throttle during this short period of
time, the system will release brake
pressure and the vehicle will start
sloping down. The system will release
brake pressure proportionally to the
amount of throttle/torque applied as
the vehicle starts to move in the
chosen direction.
HSA Activation Criteria
The following criteria must be met in
order for HSA to activate:
• vehicle is stationary;
• gear selection matches vehicle uphill
direction (i.e., vehicle facing uphill is
in forward gear; vehicle backing
uphill is in reverse gear).
HSA will work in R (Reverse) and all
forward gears when the activation
criteria have been met. The system will not activate if the
transmission is placed in N (Neutral) or
P (Park).
Roll-Over Mitigation (ROM) This system anticipates the potential
for wheel lift by monitoring the
driver's steering wheel input and the
speed of the vehicle. When ROM
determines that the rate of change of
the steering wheel angle and vehicle's
speed are sufficient to potentially
cause wheel lift, it then applies the
appropriate brake and may also
reduce engine power to lessen the
chance that wheel lift will occur.
ROM will only intervene during very
severe or evasive driving maneuvers.
ROM can only reduce the chance of
wheel lift occurring during severe or
evasive driving maneuvers. It cannot
prevent wheel lift due to other factors,
such as road and off-road conditions,
leaving the roadway, or striking
objects or other vehicles.
WARNING!
Many factors, such as vehicle loading,
road and off-road conditions, and
driving conditions, influence the
chance that wheel lift or rollover may occur. ROM cannot prevent all wheel
lift or roll-overs, especially those that
involve leaving the roadway or
striking objects or other vehicles. The
capabilities of a ROM-equipped
vehicle must never be exploited in a
reckless or dangerous manner, which
could jeopardize the user’s safety or
the safety of others.
Trailer Sway Mitigation (TSM) TSM uses sensors in the vehicle to
recognize an excessively swaying
trailer and will take the appropriate
actions to attempt to stop the sway.
The system may reduce engine power
and apply the brake of the
appropriate wheel(s) to counteract the
sway of the trailer. TSM will become
active automatically once an
excessively swaying trailer is
recognized.
TSM cannot stop all trailers from
swaying. Always use caution when
towing a trailer and follow the trailer
tongue weight recommendations.
Refer to “Trailer Towing” in this
section for further information. When
TSM is functioning, the “ESC
Activation/Malfunction Indicator
Light” will flash (see “Instrument
Cluster” in section “DashboardDriving
5
276

Lane Keeping Assist - LKA
(optional, with ACC only) This system was designed especially
for highway or freeway driving, to
reduce the risk that the vehicle, under
particular circumstances, accidentally
departs from the lane in use. When
this happens, graphic instructions on
instrument cluster display together
with steering torque application and
steering wheel vibration (depending
on the distance to the line) warn the
driver that the vehicle is going out of
the lane and initiate a steering
maneuver to try to prevent the lane
exit.
To detect lane lines, the system uses
the forward-facing camera behind of
the rear-view mirror, which is the same
one used also by the lighting system
to manage the automatic high beams.
The logic core is in the front radar.
LKA system remembers the condition
it was in before turning off the
vehicle.
Refer to “MTC+ "Controls" Screen” in
section “Dashboard Instruments and
Controls” for further information. NOTE:
In case of wet road or raining
conditions the function could be
disabled by the system in order to
minimize the risks.
Speed Range of Use Speed mph (km/h)
Minimum 37 (60)
Engaged/activated 37 (60)
Maximum 112 (180)
Customized Settings LKA is configurable by the driver in
order to maximize its efficiency based
on the driver driving style and the
expectation of the system, reducing at
the same time the possible
invasiveness.
Entering "Controls" page on MTC+
display the driver can see the current
setting beside the "Lane Keeping
Assist" soft-key.
Touching “Lane Keeping Assist”
soft-key can disable or enable the
system. Touching the soft-key on the side the
driver can change the setting.
Driver warnings can be only "Visual"
or "Visual & Haptic" (default mode).
System response can be set to "Early",
"Medium" (default mode) or "Late".
System reaction force can be set to
"Low", "Medium" (default mode) or
"High".
Meanings of Settings
• "Visual" only: the system will not
request any steering torque/Driving
5
301

vibration to correct the car trajectory.
The system will only show on the TFT
display when the vehicle is passing
the lane.
• "Visual & Haptic": the system will
apply steering torque when lane
departure is detected while showing
at the same time the proper cluster
indication, adding to this steering
vibration when the departure is very
imminent.
When "Visual & Haptic" is selected and
LKA is enabled then the following
menu will be used by the system.
• "LKA Sensitivity": it tunes the
distance to the lane boundary where
the system will start to apply steering
torque.
• "LKA Strength": it tunes the steering
torque value to have a stronger or
weaker trajectory correction/
deviation.
WARNING!
In rare cases, Lane Keeping Assist
(LKA) may make an inappropriate
steering torque application. LKA may
be interrupted at any time counter
steering. Lack of attention may lead to
serious injury or death. System Availability The ADAS systems (LKA, CC, ACC, FCW
and HAS) help the driver while driving.
These systems can be set and
monitored simultaneously on the
display, after opening “Driver Assist”
menu (see paragraph “TFT Display:
Menus and Settings” under
“Instrument Cluster” in section
“Dashboard Instruments and
Controls”).
LKA is designed for an attentive driver;
therefore the system is available only
when his/her hands are on the steering
wheel or with hands off only for a very
limited amount of time. When the
system is enabled it will trigger cluster
warning in case at least one hand is
not detected on the steering wheel.
The torque application as well as the
vibration are suppressed/inhibited in
case of: high driver torque in the
steering wheel, high lateral
acceleration, trailer connected to the
proper control module, hands not on
the steering wheel detected for more
than a certain time.
High dynamic driving behaviors,
driving on the lane boundary or
driving off course will prevent the
function from working. FCW braking
and stability system interventions (ESC, ABS) will also prevent the system from
operating. Changing lane results in
system inhibition for a certain time. In
addition, the driver must respect some
road characteristics such as
minimum-maximum width, lanes
clearly defined by two lane boundaries
and for a limited time, the presence of
at least one lane boundary.
NOTE:
• In case of wet road or raining
conditions the function could be
disabled by the system in order to
minimize the risks.
• With lane boundaries it is mainly
referred to painted lines,
nevertheless the system in good
conditions might properly recognize
as valid lane boundaries also other
types (for example road edges, curbs,
etc..).
Being this function used to prevent
unintentional lane change/lane drift, it
will be temporary suppressed/inhibited
by a turn indicator activation,
therefore, graphic warning, steering
torque application and vibration will
be terminated. In this condition in case
of a vehicle detected by the Blind Spot
Assist (BSA) system in the covered area
on the proper side, there can be theDriving
5
302

transition from LKA to Active Blind
Spot Assist (ABSA) (if this latter is on
and properly configured).
Function Description and
Operating Mode Intent of the function is to prevent the
lane departure by warning the driver
through indication on the cluster and
if set applying steering torque and
vibration. Whenever the system is
enable there will be graphic on the
dedicated screen in the driver assist
page and for the others it will be
available in the left top corner of the
cluster screen. The graphic which
intent is to represent at the glance the
system knowledge of the lane in front
of the car, the system suppression
status and warning.
For this a simple colour code has been
adopted for each line (of the two
presented):
• Both grey lines means system is
enabled, not able to operate
(suppression condition present or
lane detection system not able to
estimate properly the lane);
• Left/right grey line: the lane
detection system is not able to
detect that specific lane boundary; • Yellow line: there is a steering
torque intervention in progress that
tries to prevent a departure on that
side, in this situation the warning
should increase the driver attention
requiring him to properly handle the
situation;
• Yellow flashing line: the graphic is
shown whenever the system detects
a very imminent lane departure, at
this can be added torque and
steering vibration if configured by
the customer.
The white lines (one or both) indicates
that the corresponding lane boundary
is detected and the system is capable
to intervene on it.
An example of this screen, with only
LKA system activated and with LKA
and ACC systems activated, can be
found in the following figures:
A: with only LKA system activated,
steering torque in progress to
correct the trajectory towards
the lane center;
B: with LKA and ACC systems
activated, car is crossing the lane
boundary, steering torque and
vibration if configured are in
progress when this graphic is
shown. Driver Assist PageDriving
5
303

The icons that represent the status of
the ADAS systems remain displayed
even when you exit the “Driver Assist”
screen.
System Limitations Because of physical limits, in order to
properly operate, the system needs
good visibility (it might not work or
not properly operate in case of heavy rain, snow, wet roads, fog, direct sun
on the camera, etc.).
NOTE:
• The presence of the hands on the
steering wheel is detected by a logic
combination of a capacitive sensor
installed in the steering wheel and
the measured applied torque at the
steering column. This leads to a more
robust hands detection when hands
are actually on the steering wheel (at
least one).
• The sensors are not able to detect
the presence of the hands on the
steering wheel areas covered in
wood, plastic bezels or carbon inserts
(where present).
Sharp turns, slopes and change in
slopes, poor lane boundaries, as well
as construction areas and all the
scenario described in this paragraph
may challenge the system, therefore
be always ready to prevent any
unexpected behaviour of the car.
Damaged front bumper, windshield
replaced without proper technical
intervention may also lead to system
malfunction or system unavailability.
Other conditions such as fault, but not
explicitly indicated here may also prevent/interrupt the system
intervention.
WARNING!
If the driver fails to adapt his/her
driving style, Lane Keeping Assist
(LKA) can neither reduce the risk of an
accident nor override the laws of
physics. It cannot take into account
road, weather or traffic conditions.
Active LKA is only an aid. Driver is
always responsible for the distance to
the vehicle in front, for vehicle speed,
for braking in good time and for
staying in lane.
System in Fault When the LKA cannot properly
operate due to a fault of its
components or because the windshield
in front of the forward facing camera
is dirty, the amber light and/or the
corresponding message will be
displayed.Non-Driver Assist PageDriving
5
304