2018 VOLVO XC90 T8 sensor

DRIVER SUPPORT
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Pilot Assist
Pilot Assist helps the driver keep the vehicle in the current traffic lane by providing steeringassistance and maintaining an even speed and aset time interval to the vehicle ahead.
How Pilot Assist worksThe Pilot Assist function is primarily intended for use on highways and other major roads where itcan help provide a more comfortable and relaxingdriving experience.
The camera/radar sensor monitors the distance to the vehicle ahead and detects lane markings 62
.
Camera and radar sensor
Distance monitor
Lane marker line monitors The driver sets the desired speed and distance to the vehicle ahead. Pilot Assist monitors the dis-tance to the vehicle ahead and the traffic lane'sside markers using the camera and radar sensor.The system maintains the set time interval to thevehicle ahead by automatically adjusting yourvehicle's speed and keeps your vehicle in its laneby providing steering assistance. Pilot Assist's steering assistance is based on monitoring the direction of the vehicle ahead andthe traffic lane's side marker lines. The driver canoverride Pilot Assist's steering recommendationsat any time and steer in another direction, e.g. tochange lanes or avoid obstacles on the road. If the camera/radar sensor cannot detect the lane's side marker lines or if Pilot Assist is unablefor some other reason to clearly interpret thelane, Pilot Assist will temporarily deactivate steer-ing assistance until it can once again interpretthe lane markings. However, the speed and dis-tance warnings will remain active.
WARNING
Pilot Assist is deactivated automatically and resumes working without prior notice.
The color of the steering wheel symbol indicates the currentstatus of steering assistance: • GREEN indicates that steer- ing assistance is active • GRAY (as shown in illustra-
tion) indicates that steering assistance is deacti- vated.
62 Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on model.

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WARNING
•The Pilot Assist function is supplementary driver support intended to facilitate driv-ing and help make it safer – it cannothandle all situations in all traffic, weatherand road conditions.
• The driver is advised to read all sectionsin the Owner's Manual about this functionto learn of its limitations, which the drivermust be aware of before using the func-tion (see the link list at the end of thisarticle).
• Pilot Assist should only be used if thereare clear lane lines painted on each sideof the lane. All other use will increase therisk of contact with nearby obstacles thatcannot be detected by the functions.
• Pilot Assist is not a substitute for the driv-er's attention and judgment. The driver isalways responsible for ensuring the vehi-cle is driven in a safe manner, at theproper position within the lane, at theappropriate speed, with an appropriatedistance to other vehicles, and in accord-ance with current traffic rules and regula-tions.
NOTE
Depending on market, this function may be either Standard or Optional.
Pilot Assist regulates speed by accelerating and braking. It is normal for the brakes to emit a slightsound when they are being used to adjust speed. Pilot Assist attempts to smoothly regulate speed. The driver must apply the brakes in situationsrequiring immediate braking. For example, whenthere are great differences in speed betweenvehicles or if the vehicle ahead brakes suddenly.Due to limitations in the camera and radar sen-sor, braking may occur unexpectedly or not at all. Pilot Assist is designed to follow a vehicle ahead in the same lane and maintain a time interval tothat vehicle set by the driver. If the radar sensordoes not detect a vehicle ahead, it will insteadmaintain the speed set by the driver. This will alsohappen if the speed of the vehicle aheadexceeds the set speed for your vehicle.
• Pilot Assist can follow another vehicle atspeeds from a standstill up to 200 km/h(125 mph).
• Pilot Assist can provide steering assistancefrom near-stationary speeds up to 140 km/h(87 mph).
WARNING
• Pilot Assist is not a collision avoidance system. The driver must intervene if thesystem fails to detect a vehicle ahead.
• Pilot Assist does not brake for people,animals, objects, small vehicles (e.g.cycles and motorcycles), low trailers aswell as oncoming, slow or stationary vehi-cles.
• Do not use Pilot Assist in demanding sit-uations, such as in city traffic, at intersec-tions, on slippery surfaces, with a lot ofwater or slush on the road, in heavy rain/snow, in poor visibility, on winding roads,on highway on- or off-ramps, or with atrailer connected to the vehicle.
CAUTION
Maintenance of the integrated components in Pilot Assist may only be performed by a work-shop – an authorized Volvo workshop is rec-ommended.
In curves and forks in the roadPilot Assist is designed to interact with the driver. The driver should never wait for steering assis-tance from Pilot Assist, but instead should alwaysbe ready to increase his or her own steeringefforts, particularly in curves.

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Automatic standby mode
Pilot Assist is dependent on other systems, such as Electronic Stability Control (ESC66
). If any of
these other systems stops working, Pilot Assist will automatically switch off.
WARNING
With automatic standby mode, the driver is warned by an acoustic signal and a messageon the instrument panel. • The driver must then regulate vehicle speed, apply the brakes if necessary, andmaintain a safe distance to other vehicles.
Adaptive Cruise Control may go into standbymode if, e.g.: • the driver opens the door.
• the brake temperature is high.
• the driver's hands are not on the steering wheel.
• the parking brake is applied.
• the engine speed (rpm) is too low/high.
• the driver unbuckles the seat belt.
• one or more of the wheels lose traction.
• the camera/radar sensor is covered by snowor heavy rain (the camera lens/radar wavesare blocked) •
your vehicle's speed goes below 5 km/h(3 mph) and Pilot Assist cannot determine ifthe vehicle ahead is stationary or if it isanother object, e.g. a speed bump.
• your vehicle's speed goes under 5 km/h(3 mph) and the vehicle ahead turns so thatPilot Assist no longer has a vehicle to follow.Reactivating Pilot Assist from standby
mode
Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on model.
To reactivate Pilot Assist:
–Press the button on the steering wheel
(1).
> Speed will be set to the most recently stored speed.
WARNING
A noticeable increase in speed may follow when the speed is resumed with the
steering wheel button.
Related information
• Pilot Assist (p. 311)
66
Electronic Stability Control

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* Option/accessory.
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The driver is responsible for ensuring that the vehicle maintains a suitable distancefrom such obstacles.
• The camera and radar sensors do nothave the capacity to detect all oncomingobjects and obstacles in traffic environ-ments, e.g. potholes, stationary obstaclesor objects that completely or partiallyblock the route.
• Pilot Assist does not "see" pedestrians,animals, etc.
• The recommended steering input is lim-ited in force, which means that it cannotalways help the driver to steer and keepthe vehicle within the lane.
• Pilot Assist is switched off if the powersteering is working with reduced power -e.g. during cooling due to overheating(see section "Speed-dependent steeringforce").
The driver can always correct or adjust steeringassistance provided by Pilot Assist by turning thesteering wheel to the desired position.
Steep roads and/or heavy loadsPilot Assist is primarily intended to be driven onflat roads. The function may not be able to main-tain the correct time interval to the vehicle aheadwhen driving down steep hills. The driver should be extra attentive and prepared to apply thebrakes.
• Do not use Pilot Assist if the vehicle is carry-ing a heavy load or towing a trailer.
NOTE
Pilot Assist cannot be activated if a trailer, bike carrier or similar is connected to thevehicle electrical system.
Other limitations
•
The Off Road drive mode cannot be
selected when Pilot Assist is activated.
NOTE
The function uses the vehicle's camera unit, which has some general limitations – see thesection "Camera unit limitations".
NOTE
The function uses the vehicle's radar unit, which has some general limitations – see thesection "Radar unit limitations".
Related information
• Pilot Assist (p. 311)
• Speed-dependent steering wheel resistance (p. 272)
Pilot Assist
* symbols and messages
A number of symbols and messages relating to Pilot Assist may be displayed in the instrument panel and/or the head-up display *.

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* Option/accessory.
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The previous illustration 69
shows that Pilot Assist
is set to maintain a speed of 110 km/h (68 mph) and that there is no target vehicle ahead to fol-low. In this example, Pilot Assist will provide steering assistance because it can detect the lane's sidemarking lines.
Related information
• Pilot Assist (p. 311)
Radar sensor
The radar sensor is used by several driver sup- port systems to detect other vehicles.
Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on model.
The radar sensor is used by the following func- tions:
• Distance Alert
*
• Adaptive Cruise Control
*
• Lane Keeping Aid
• Pilot Assist
*
• City Safety
Any modifications to the radar sensor may makeits use illegal.
Related information
• Radar sensor limitations (p. 327)
• Recommended maintenance for the radarsensor (p. 330)
• Radar sensor type approval (p. 330)
69
Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on model.

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Radar sensor limitations
The radar sensor used by several of the driver support functions has certain limitations, whichalso affect the functions using the radar sensor.
Obstructed camera
The area marked in the illustration must be kept free of decals, objects, solar film, etc. 70
The radar sensor is located on the upper interior section of the windshield along with the camera.
CAUTION
Do not place, affix or mount anything on the inside or outside of the windshield, or in frontof or around the camera and radar unit – thiscould disrupt camera and radar-based func-tions. It could cause functions to be reduced, deac- tivated completely or produce an incorrectfunction response.
If this symbol and the message "Windscreen sensor Sensor
blocked, see Owner's manual" is
displayed in the instrument panel, it
means that the camera and radar sensor are unable to detect other vehicles, cyclists, pedes-trians and large animals in front of the vehicleand that the vehicle's camera and radar-basedfunctions may be obstructed, reduced, completelydisabled or providing inaccurate responses.
The following table shows some of the situations that can cause the message to be displayed, and suggested actions:
CauseAction
The area of the windshield in front of the camera/radar sensor is dirty or covered by ice or snow. Clean the windshield in front of the camera/radar sensor and remove dirt, iceand snow.
Thick fog, heavy rain or snow is blocking the radar signals or the camera'srange of visibility. No action. Heavy precipitation may sometimes prevent the camera/radar sensorfrom functioning.
70
Note: This illustration is general and details may vary depending on model.

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CauseAction
Water or snow is spraying/swirling up and blocking the radar signals or the camera's range of visibility. No action. Very wet or snow-covered roads may sometimes prevent the cam-era/radar sensor from functioning.
There is dirt between the inside of the windshield and the camera/radarsensor. Consult a workshop to have the area of the windshield on the inside of the cam-era's casing cleaned. An authorized Volvo workshop is recommended.
NOTE
Keep the windshield in front of the camera and radar unit clean.
Vehicle speedThe radar sensor's ability to detect a vehicle ahead is significantly reduced if:
• the speed of the vehicle ahead differs greatlyfrom your vehicle's speed
Limited field of visionThe radar sensor has a limited field of vision. Insome situations, it may detect a vehicle later thanexpected or not at all.
The radar sensor's field of vision.
The radar sensor's detection of vehicles very close to your vehicle may be delayed in cer-tain situations, e.g. if a vehicle pulls in between your vehicle and the vehicle directlyahead.
Small vehicles, such as motorcycles, or vehi- cles that are not driving in the center of thelane may remain undetected.
In curves, the radar may detect the wrong vehicle or lose sight of a target vehicle.
Low trailers
Low trailer in the radar shadow.
Low trailers may also be difficult or even impossi- ble for the radar to detect. The driver should beextra alert when driving behind vehicles towing low trailers when Adaptive Cruise Control or Pilot Assist is activated.

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High temperaturesIf the temperature in the passenger compartment is very high, the camera/radar sensor will switchoff temporarily for approx. 15 minutes after theengine is started to protect its electronic compo-nents. When the temperature has cooled suffi-ciently, the camera/radar sensor will automati-cally restart.Damaged windshield
CAUTION
If there are cracks, scratches or stone chips on the windshield in front of any of the cam-era and radar unit "windows" and this coversan area of about 0.5 × 3.0 mm(0.02 × 0.12 in.) or more, contact a workshopto have the windshield replaced – an author-ized Volvo workshop is recommended. Failure to take action could result in reduced performance for the driver support systemsthat use the camera and radar unit. It could cause functions to be reduced, deac- tivated completely or produce an incorrectfunction response. To avoid the risk of loss of function, malfunc- tion or reduced function of the driver supportsystems that use the radar unit, the followingalso apply:
• Volvo advises
against repairing cracks,
scratches or stone chips in the area infront of the camera and radar unit – theentire windshield should instead bereplaced.
• Before replacing the windshield, contactan authorized Volvo workshop to verifythat the right windshield has beenordered and installed.
• The same type of windshield wipers or wipers approved by Volvo should be usedfor replacement.
CAUTION
If the windshield is replaced, the camera and radar unit must be recalibrated by a workshopto help ensure proper functioning of all of thevehicle's camera and radar-based systems –an authorized Volvo workshop is recom-mended.
Related information
•Radar sensor (p. 326)