2017 VOLVO XC90 TWIN ENGINE HYBRID tires

10
WHEELS AND TIRES
Tires478
Tire sidewall designations480
Wheel (rim) designations481
Tire terminology482
Tire direction of rotation483
Tread wear indicator483
Loading specifications484
Uniform Tire Quality Grading485
Snow tires and chains485
Checking tire inflation pressure486
Changing tires487
Tools488
Jack488
Wheel bolts489
Removing a wheel489
Installing a wheel491
Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)491
Checking tire inflation pressure493
Reinflating tires equipped with theTire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)494
Calibrating the Tire PressureMonitoring System (TPMS)495
Tire sealing system496
Using the tire sealing system498

Inflating a tire with the tire sealingsystem compressor501
MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
Volvo's service program504
System updates506
Remote updates507
Vehicle status507
Booking service and repairs508
Wi-Fi connection to a workshop510
Climate system service511
Start battery512
Support battery514
Hybrid battery515
Battery symbols516
Fuses516
Replacing fuses517
Fuses in the engine compartment518
Fuses in the passenger compartment523
Fuses in the cargo compartment527
Replacing bulbs530
Removing the rectangular headlightcover532
Replacing low beam headlight bulbs533
Replacing High Beam headlight bulbs534
Replacing parking light bulbs534
Replacing front turn signal bulbs535
Bulb specifications536
Hoisting the vehicle537

INTRODUCTION
20
Volvo and the environment
Volvo is committed to the well-being of its cus-tomers. As a natural part of this commitment, wecare about the environment in which we all live.Concern for the environment means an everydayinvolvement in reducing our environmentalimpact.
Volvo's environmental activities are based on aholistic view, which means we consider the over-all environmental impact of a product throughoutits complete life cycle. In this context, design, pro-duction, product use, and recycling are all impor-tant considerations. In production, Volvo haspartly or completely phased out several chemicalsincluding CFCs, lead chromates, asbestos, andcadmium; and reduced the number of chemicalsused in our plants 50% since 1991.
Volvo was the first in the world to introduce intoproduction a three-way catalytic converter with aLambda sond, now called the heated oxygen sen-sor, in 1976. The current version of this highlyefficient system reduces emissions of harmfulsubstances (CO, HC, NOx) from the exhaust pipeby approximately 95 – 99% and the search toeliminate the remaining emissions continues.Volvo is the only automobile manufacturer tooffer CFC-free retrofit kits for the air conditioningsystem of all models as far back as the 1975model 240. Advanced electronic engine controlsand cleaner fuels are bringing us closer to ourgoal. In addition to continuous environmental
refinement of conventional gasoline-poweredinternal combustion engines, Volvo is activelylooking at advanced technology alternative-fuelvehicles.
When you drive a Volvo, you become our partnerin the work to lessen the car's impact on theenvironment. To reduce your vehicle's environ-mental impact, you can:
•Maintain proper air pressure in your tires.Tests have shown decreased fuel economywith improperly inflated tires.
•Follow the recommended maintenanceschedule in your Warranty and ServiceRecords Information booklet.
•Drive at a constant speed whenever possible.
•See a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician as soon as possible for inspectionif the check engine (malfunction indicator)light illuminates, or stays on after the vehiclehas started.
•Properly dispose of any vehicle-related wastesuch as used motor oil, used batteries, brakepads, etc.
•When cleaning your vehicle, please use gen-uine Volvo car care products. All Volvo carcare products are formulated to be environ-mentally friendly.

Volvo XC90 T8 Twin Engine Plug-in
Hybrid
•If possible, precondition the vehicle with thecharging cable before driving.
•If preconditioning is not possible in coldweather, use the seat and steering wheelheating primarily. Avoid heating the entirepassenger compartment, which reduces thehybrid battery's charge level.
•Choose the Pure drive mode to help mini-mize electric power consumption.
•In hilly terrain, put the gear selector in modeB to utilize the electric motor's braking func-tion when the accelerator pedal is released.This helps charge the hybrid battery.

Related information
•Driving economically (p. 385)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.360
Park Assist limitations
The Park Assist system has certain limitations.

NOTE
A trailer hitch whose wiring is integrated withthe vehicle's electrical system will be takeninto account when measuring the availablespace behind the vehicle.
NOTE
•The system will not detect high objects,such as a loading dock, etc.
•Certain materials or fabrics may not bedetected by the sensors. Objects made ofthese materials or people wearing cloth-ing made of these fabrics may not bedetected.
•Children or animals near the vehicle maynot always be detected.
•Objects such as chains, thin shiny polesor low objects may temporarily not bedetected by the system. This may resultin the pulsing tone unexpectedly stoppinginstead of changing to a constant tone asthe vehicle approaches the object. Insuch cases, use caution when backing upor stop the vehicle to help avoid damage.
•In certain circumstances, the park assistsystem may give unexpected warning sig-nals that can be caused by externalsound sources that use the same ultra-sound frequencies as the system. Thismay include such things as the horns ofother vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneu-matic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes,other vehicles with similar ultrasound sys-tems, etc. This does not indicate a fault inthe system.
Cleaning the sensors
Location of the Park Assist sensors
The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensurethat they work properly. Clean them with waterand a suitable car washing detergent.

NOTE
If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt,snow, or ice, this could result in false warningsignals from the park assist system or thesystem may not function at all.

Related information
•Park Assist* (p. 358)
•Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 359)
•Park assist symbols and messages (p. 361)

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.372
1. Tap the Park out button in the center display'sFunction view.
2. Use the turn signal to indicate the direction inwhich the vehicle should leave the parking space.
3. Follow the instructions provided in the centerdisplay. The procedure is the same as when park-ing the vehicle.
The steering wheel may turn back slightly whenthe function is completed and the driver mayhave to turn the back before leaving the parkingspace.
If PAP determines that the driver can leave theparking space without assistance, the functionwill deactivate before the vehicle is completelyout of the space.

Related information
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* (p. 368)
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* limitations (p. 372)
•Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* symbols and mes-sages (p. 374)
Park Assist Pilot (PAP)* limitations
The PAP function may be limited in certain situa-tions.
The PAP parking sequence is cancelled
A parking sequence will be cancelled:
•if the vehicle is driven too fast: above approx.4 mph (7 km/h)
•if the driver taps Cancel in the center display
•if the driver moves the steering wheel withsufficient force.
•if the anti-lock brakes or Electronic StabilityControl are activated (e.g., if a wheel beginsto spin or lose traction)
In such cases, a text message will explain whythe parking sequence was cancelled.

NOTE
•PAP will not function correctly if its sen-sors are obstructed by dirt, snow, etc.
•In certain situations, PAP may not be ableto measure a parking space. This couldbe due to external sources of sound (e.g.,a vehicle's horn, tires on wet asphalt,pneumatic brakes, noise from a motorcy-cle's exhaust, etc.) emitting ultrasoundusing approximately the same frequen-cies as PAP.
Points to keep in mind
PAP is a parking aid only and the driver shouldalways be prepared to take control and cancel aparking sequence. This can be due to one ormore of the following factors:
•PAP's function is based on the way that thevehicles are parked behind and in front ofyour parking space. If they are, for example,parked too close to the curb, there is a riskthat your vehicle's tires or wheel rims couldbe damaged by the curb during the parkingprocedure.
•PAP is intended to provide parking assis-tance on straight streets, not sections ofstreet with curved or irregular curbs. Be surethat your vehicle is parallel to the curb whenPAP measures the parking space.
•PAP may not be able to provide parkingassistance on narrow streets due to lack ofspace to maneuver the vehicle. In situationslike this, it may help to drive between1.5-5.0 ft (0.5-1.5 m) from the side of theroad where the parking space is located.
•Use only approved tires with the correct infla-tion pressure because this affects PAP'scapacity to provide parking assistance.Changing to a different approved tire sizemay affect PAP's parameters. Consult atrained and qualified Volvo service technician.

STARTING AND DRIVING
}}
385
Before a long distance trip
It is always worthwhile to have your vehiclechecked by a trained and qualified Volvo servicetechnician before driving long distances. Yourretailer will also be able to supply you with bulbs,fuses, spark plugs and wiper blades for your usein the event that problems occur.
As a minimum, the following items should bechecked before any long trip:
•Check that engine runs smoothly and thatfuel consumption and the oil level are normal.
•Before leaving on a trip, fill the fuel tank andmake sure the hybrid battery is fully charged.During the trip, make a habit of refueling reg-ularly.
•Check for fuel, oil, and fluid leakage.
•Check condition of drive belts.
•Check state of the battery's charge.
•Examine tires carefully and replace thosethat are worn. Also, check tire inflation pres-sure.
•The brakes, front wheel alignment, and steer-ing gear should be checked by a trained andqualified Volvo service technician only.
•Check all lights, including high beams.
•Reflective warning triangles are legallyrequired in some states/provinces.
•Have a word with a trained and qualifiedVolvo service technician if you intend to drive
in countries where it may be difficult toobtain the correct fuel.
•Consider your destination. If you will be driv-ing through an area where snow or ice arelikely to occur, consider using snow tires.
Driving economically
Better driving economy can be obtained bythinking ahead, avoiding rapid starts and stopsand adjusting the speed of your vehicle to imme-diate traffic conditions.

Driving economically with the XC90 T8
Twin Engine Plug-in Hybrid
Plan your driving in order to utilize the electricmotor as much as possible.
An energy-conserving driving style lowers currentconsumption from the hybrid battery and helpsincrease electric driving range.

Charging
•Charge the hybrid battery regularly using thecharging cable. Whenever possible, begin adrive with a fully charged battery.
•Check the location of charging points.
•Where possible, choose parking spaces withcharging points.

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STARTING AND DRIVING
386

Preconditioning
•If possible, precondition the vehicle with thecharging cable before driving.
•Avoid parking the vehicle so that the passen-ger compartment becomes too hot or cold.Park, if possible, in a climate controlled park-ing garage.
•For short drives after using the precondition-ing function, turn off the climate systemblower if possible.
•If preconditioning is not possible in coldweather, use the seat and steering wheelheating primarily. Avoid heating the entirepassenger compartment, which reduces thehybrid battery's charge level.

Driving
•Choose the Pure drive mode to help mini-mize electric power consumption.
•Maintain a constant speed and an adequatedistance to the vehicle ahead to minimizeuse of the brakes.
•Brake as gently as possible; doing socharges the hybrid battery using the inte-grated regenerative braking function.
•Balance energy requirements using theaccelerator pedal and utilize the gauge onthe instrument panel to see the amount ofpower available from the electric motor. Thishelps avoid starting the gasoline engineunnecessarily. The electric motor is more
energy-efficient than the gasoline engine,especially at lower speeds.
•In hilly terrain, put the gear selector in modeB to utilize the electric motor's braking func-tion when the accelerator pedal is released.This helps charge the hybrid battery.
•Higher speeds increase energy consumptionand the vehicle's wind resistance increasesalong with speed. Do not exceed postedspeed limits.
•Avoid carrying unnecessary items (extra load)in the vehicle.
•Maintain correct tire pressure. Check tirepressure regularly (when the tires are cold).
•Remove snow tires when threat of snow orice has ended.
•Note that roof racks, ski racks, etc, increaseair resistance and also energy consumption.
•Avoid driving with open windows.

Handling and roadholding
•Vehicle load, tire design and inflation pres-sure all affect vehicle handling. Therefore,check that the tires are inflated to the rec-ommended pressure according to the vehicleload. Loads should be distributed so thatcapacity weight or maximum permissible axleloads are not exceeded.
•At the specified curb weight your vehicle hasa tendency to understeer, which means thatthe steering wheel has to be turned more
than might seem appropriate for the curva-ture of a bend. This ensures good stabilityand reduces the risk of rear wheel skid.Remember that these properties can alterwith the vehicle load. The heavier the load inthe cargo compartment, the less the ten-dency to understeer.
Related information
•Hybrid-related information in the instrumentpanel (p. 134)
•Parking climate (preconditioning) (p. 189)

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STARTING AND DRIVING
388
•The air conditioning may be switched offtemporarily.
•After a prolonged period of driving, do notturn off the engine immediately after stop-ping.
•The engine cooling fan commonly continuesto run for several minutes after the enginehas been turned off.

WARNING
The cooling fan (located at the front of theengine compartment, behind the radiator) maystart or continue to operate (for up to6 minutes) after the engine has beenswitched off.

Related information
•Driving with a trailer (p. 397)
•Before a long distance trip (p. 385)
Winter driving
Check your vehicle before the approach of coldweather.
The following advice is worth noting:
•Make sure that the engine coolant contains50 percent antifreeze. Any other mixture willreduce freeze protection. This gives protec-tion against freezing down to –31 °F(–35 °C). The use of "recycled" antifreeze isnot approved by Volvo. Different types ofantifreeze must not be mixed.
•Volvo recommends using only genuine Volvoantifreeze in your vehicle's radiator.
•Try to keep the fuel tank well filled – thishelps prevent the formation of condensationin the tank. In addition, in extremely coldweather conditions it is worthwhile to addfuel line de-icer before refueling.
•The viscosity of the engine oil is important.Oil with low viscosity (thinner oil) improvescold-weather starting as well as decreasingfuel consumption while the engine is warm-ing up. Full synthetic 0W-30 oil is recom-mended for driving in areas with sustainedlow temperatures.
•The load placed on the battery is greater dur-ing the winter since the windshield wipers,lighting, etc., are used more often. Moreover,the capacity of the battery decreases as thetemperature drops. In very cold weather, apoorly charged battery can freeze and be
damaged. It is therefore advisable to checkthe state of charge more frequently andspray an anti-rust oil on the battery posts.
•Volvo recommends the use of snow tires onall four wheels for winter driving.
•To prevent the washer fluid reservoir fromfreezing, add washer solvents containingantifreeze. This is important since dirt is oftensplashed on the windshield during winterdriving, requiring the frequent use of thewashers and wipers. Volvo Washer Solventshould be diluted as follows: Down to 14 °F(–10 °C): 1 part washer solvent and 4 partswater Down to 5 °F (–15 °C): 1 part washersolvent and 3 parts water Down to 0 °F(–18 °C): 1 part washer solvent and 2 partswater Down to –18 °F (–28 °C): 1 partwasher solvent and 1 part water.
•Use Volvo Teflon Lock Spray in the locks.
•Avoid using de-icing sprays as they cancause damage to the locks.

Related information
•Snow tires and chains (p. 485)

STARTING AND DRIVING
419
Using the electric motor in citydriving
A number of factors affect the electric motor'sdriving range.
The driver can affect some of these factors whileothers depend on outside conditions such astemperature, road surface, etc.

Factors that determine the electric
motor's driving range
Factors outside of the driver's control
The following are examples of factors that thedriver cannot control:
•The current traffic situation
•Driving short distances
•Topography
•Ambient temperature and headwinds
•Road conditions/road surface
The following table shows the approximate rela-tionship between ambient temperature and driv-ing range using the electric motor (with reducedclimate system functionality). Warmer tempera-tures increase driving range.
77°F (25°C)105%
68°F (20°C)100%
50°F (10°C)90%
40°F (5 °C)85%
32°F (0°C)80%
23°F (-5°C)75%
14°F (-10°C)70%
Factors in the driver's control
The driver should be aware of the following fac-tors in order to utilize the vehicle's electric motormost efficiently:
•Charge the hybrid battery regularly
•Preconditioning
•The Pure drive mode
•Climate system settings
•Speed and acceleration
•Tires and inflation pressure
The following table shows the approximate rela-tionship between constant speed and drivingrange where driving at a lower constant speedhelps increase the electric motor's driving range.
62 mph (100 km/h)70%
55 mph (90 km/h)80%
50 mph(80 km/h)90%
43 mph (70 km/h)100%
37 mph (60 km/h)110%
30 mph(50 km/h)120%
NOTE
•The figures in the preceding tables per-tain to a new vehicle.
•None of the figures are absolute and areaffected by e.g., driving style, weather,traffic conditions, etc.

Driving with the electric motor
Use the Pure drive mode for the most energy-efficient driving to help maximize driving rangeusing the electric motor only.

Related information
•Driving economically (p. 385)
•Drive modes (p. 420)