Page 135 of 186
the touchscreen while parked and plugged in, Model S draws energy from the wall outlet instead
of the Battery.
During Charging During charging, the charge port pulses green and charging status displays on the instrument
panel. The frequency at which the charge port
Page 137 of 186

Charging Status
The following illustration is provided for demonstration purposes only and may vary slightly
depending on the software version and market region of your Model S.
1. Charging status information. For example, if Model S is charging, it displays the time remaining until fully charged at the currently selected charge level. When a charging session
has been scheduled, it displays when charging starts.
2. Total estimated driving distance (or energy) available. Instead of driving distance as shown here, you can display the percentage of battery energy remaining by touching Controls >Settings > Language & Units > Energy & Charging .
Note: A portion of the battery image may appear blue. This indicates that a small portion of
the energy stored in the battery is not available because the battery is cold. This is normal and
no reason for concern. When the battery warms up, the blue portion no longer displays.
3. Charging rate per hour.
4. Estimated increase in driving distance (or energy) achieved so far in this charging session. Instead of driving distance as illustrated above, you can display the amount of energy gained
by touching Controls > Settings > Language & Units > Energy & Charging .
5. Current being supplied/current available from the connected power supply (see Changing
Charge Settings on page 135).
If connected to a 3-phase power supply, the available current represents the
current per phase and the 3-phase symbol displays.
6. Voltage being supplied by the charge cable.
Note: If Model S is charging and detects unexpected
Page 154 of 186

Removing the Maintenance Panel
To check
fluid levels, remove the maintenance
panel:
1. Pull the rear edge of the maintenance panel upward to release the
five clips that
hold the panel in place.
2. Maneuver the maintenance panel toward the windshield to remove.
Caution: The maintenance panel protects
the front trunk from water. When re-
attaching, make sure it is fully seated.
Checking Battery Coolant
If the quantity of
fluid in the cooling system
drops below the recommended level, the
instrument panel displays a warning message.
Stop Model S as soon as safety permits and
contact Tesla.
Fluid Level Check
Tesla checks the Battery coolant level at the
regularly scheduled maintenance intervals. On a single motor Model S, you can check it
yourself. To do so, park Model S on level
ground. When Model S is cool, remove the
maintenance panel (see Removing the
Maintenance Panel on page 154).
Check the fluid level visually by looking at the
outside marks on the side of the reservoir. DO
NOT REMOVE THE FILLER CAP AND DO NOT
ADD FLUID. Doing so can result in damage
not covered by the warranty.
The
fluid level should be between the MIN and
the MAX marks. If you notice that the fluidlevel has dropped significantly, contact Tesla
before using Model S.
Topping Up the Battery Coolant
Warning: Battery coolant can be
hazardous and can irritate eyes and skin.
Under no circumstances should you add
coolant. If the instrument panel warns you
that the
fluid level is low, contact Tesla
immediately.
To maximize the performance and life of the
Battery, the cooling system uses a specifictype of G-48 ethylene-glycol coolant (HOAT).
Contact Tesla for more specific information
about the coolant.
Fluid Reservoirs
154Model S Owner
Page 165 of 186

Brakes
Type
4-wheel anti-lock braking system (ABS)
with Electronic Brake Force Distribution,
Integrated Advanced Stability Control and
Electronic Accelerator pedal actuated
regenerative braking systemCalipersFour piston fixedRotor Diameters (ventilated)Front: 13.98”/355 mm
Rear: 14.37”/365 mmFront Rotor thicknessNew: 1.26”/32 mm
Service limit: 1.18”/30 mmRear Rotor thicknessNew: 1.10”/28 mm
Service limit: 1.02”/26 mmFront Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate)New: 0.354”/9.0 mm
Service limit: 0.078”/2 mmRear Brake Pad Thickness (excluding back plate)New: 0.315”/8.0 mm
Service limit: 0.078”/2 mmElectronic Parking Brake (EPB) Pad Thickness
(excluding back plate). Electronic calipers self-
adjust for pad wear.New: 0.216”/5.5 mm
Service limit: 0.039”/1 mmParking brakeElectrically actuated parking brake
calipers
Suspension
FrontIndependent, double wishbone, air spring
or coil spring/telescopic damper, sway barRearIndependent, multi-link, air spring or coil
spring/telescopic damper, sway bar (air
suspension vehicles only)
Battery - 12V
Rating33 amp-hr or higherVoltage and Polarity12V negative (-) ground
Subsystems
Specifications165
Page 166 of 186
Battery - High VoltageTypeLiquid-cooled lithium ion (Li-ion)Rating60, 70, 75, 85, 90, or 100 kWh (at
beginning of life)Nominal Voltage - 85, 90, and 100 kWh
Nominal Voltage - 60, 70, 75 kWh350 V DC
300 V DCTemperature RangeDo not expose Model S to ambient
temperatures above 140
Page 173 of 186

Use a Flatbed OnlyUse a
flatbed trailer only, unless otherwisespecified by Tesla. Do not transport Model S
with the tires directly on the ground.
Caution: Damage caused by transporting is not covered by the warranty.Caution: To transport Model S, follow theinstructions exactly as described next.
Disable Self-Leveling (air
suspension vehicles only)
If Model S is equipped with Smart AirSuspension, it automatically self-levels, even
when power is
off. To prevent damage, you
must activate Jack mode to disable self- leveling:
1. Touch Controls > Suspension on the touchscreen.
2. Press the brake pedal, then touch Very High to maximize height.
3. Touch Jack.
When Jack mode is active,
Model S displays this indicator
light on the instrument panel,
along with a message telling you
that active suspension is
disabled.
Note: Jack mode cancels when Model S is
driven over 4.5 mph (7 km/h).
Warning: Failure to activate Jack mode on
a Model S equipped with Smart Air Suspension can result in the vehicle
becoming loose during transport, which
may cause
significant damage.
Activate Tow Mode
Model S may automatically shift into Park
when it detects the driver leaving the vehicle,
even if it has previously been shifted into Neutral. To keep Model S in Neutral (which
disengages the parking brake), you must use
the touchscreen to activate Tow mode:
1. Shift into Park.
2. Press the brake pedal, then on the touchscreen, touch Controls > Settings >
Service & Reset > Tow Mode .When Tow mode is active, Model S
displays this indicator light on the
instrument panel, along with a
message telling you that Model S is
free-rolling.
Note: Tow mode cancels when Model S is
shifted into Park.
Caution: If the electrical system is not
working, and you therefore cannot release
the electric parking brake, attempt to
quick start the 12V battery. For
instructions, call Tesla. If a situation
occurs where you cannot disengage the
parking brake, use tire skids or transport Model S for the shortest possible distance
using wheeled dollies. Before doing so,
always check the dolly manufacturer
Page 177 of 186
Vehicle Telematics/Data Recorders
This vehicle is equipped with electronic
modules that monitor and record data from
various vehicle systems, including the motor,
Battery, braking and electrical systems. The
electronic modules record information about
various driving and vehicle conditions,
including braking, acceleration, trip and other
related information regarding your vehicle.
These modules also record information about
the vehicle
Page 181 of 186

AABS (Anti-lock Braking System) 57
absolute speed limit 91
Acceleration (dual-motor) 98
access panel, removing 154accessoriesinstalling 158
plugging into power socket 115
adaptive headlights 54
air circulation 106
air conditioning 105
air distribution 106
air
filter 108
air suspension 111
air vents 108
airbag, front passenger, disabling 35
airbags 33
alarm 125
all-season tires 142
always connected, setting 65
anti-lock braking (ABS) 57
audioplaying files 112
steering wheel buttons 39
volume control 112
Auto High Beam 54
Auto Lane Change 79
auto-raising suspension 110
automatic emergency braking 88
Autopark 81
Autopilot 68
Autosteer 76
average range 65
B
backup camera 67
battery (12V)complete discharge 133specifications 165Battery (high voltage)care of 133
coolant 154
specifications 166
temperature limits 133
battery (key), replacing 5
blind spot warning 86
Bluetoothdevices, playing audio files from 115
general information 117
phone, pairing and using 117
body repairs 158
body touch up 151
brake
fluid replacement 138
brakesautomatic in emergencies 88fluid level 155brakes (continued)overview of 57specifications 165
brightness of displays 101
C Cabin Overheat Protection setting 101
cabin temperature control 105
Calendar app 124
camera 68
camera (rear view) 67
car cover 151
car status, displaying 39, 40
car washes 149
cargo volume 163
carpets, cleaning 150
CE
certifications 179
CHAdeMO 132
chains 142
change of ownership 104
charge port 134
charge port light 135
chargingcharge settings 135
components and equipment 131
instructions 134
public charging stations 132
scheduling 135
status of 137
charging locations, finding 120
child protectiondisabling liftgate and rear door handles 7
disabling rear window switches 9child seatscleaning 150
disabling front passenger airbag 35
installing and using 22
Tesla built-in rear facing 29
cleaning 149
climate controls 105
Cold Weather controls 98
collision avoidance assist 88
console12V power socket 115
cup holders 16
USB ports 115
consumption chart 65
contact informationroadside assistance 170coolantBattery, checking level of 154
Battery, replacement interval 138
copyrights 175, 176
Creep 98
cruise control 70
cup holders 16
Index
Index181