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Vehicle Care 415
Vehicle Storage
Tires age when stored normallymounted on a parked vehicle. Parkavehiclethatwillbestoredforatleast a month in a cool, dry, cleanarea away from direct sunlight toslow aging. This area should be freeof grease, gasoline, or othersubstances that can deterioraterubber.
Parking for an extended period cancause flat spots on the tires thatmay result in vibrations whiledriving. When storing a vehicle forat least a month, remove the tires orraise the vehicle to reduce theweight from the tires.
Buying New Tires
GM has developed and matched
specific tires for the vehicle. The
original equipment tires installed
were designed to meet General
Motors Tire Performance Criteria
Specification (TPC Spec)
system rating. When
replacement tires are needed,
GM strongly recommends
buying tires with the same TPC
Spec rating.
GM's exclusive TPC Spec
system considers over a dozen
critical specifications that impact
the overall performance of the
vehicle, including brake system
performance, ride and handling,
traction control, and tire
pressure monitoring
performance. GM's TPC Spec
number is molded onto the tire's
sidewall near the tire size. If the
tires have an all-season tread
design, the TPC Spec number
will be followed by MS for mud
and snow. SeeTire Sidewall
Labeling0399for additional
information.
GM recommends replacing worn
tires in complete sets of four (six
for dual rear wheels). Uniform
tread depth on all tires will help
to maintain the performance of
the vehicle. Braking and
handling performance may be
adversely affected if all the tires
are not replaced at the same
time. If proper rotation and
maintenance have been done,
all four tires (six for dual rear
wheels) should wear out at
about the same time. SeeTire
Rotation0412for information
on proper tire rotation. However,
if it is necessary to replace only
one axle set of worn tires, place
the new tires on the rear axle
(two for single rear wheels, four
for dual rear wheels).
{Warning
Tires could explode during
improper service. Attempting
to mount or dismount a tire
could cause injury or death.
Only your dealer or authorized
tire service center should
mount or dismount the tires.

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Vehicle Care 417
control, or All-Wheel Drive, theperformance of these systems canalso be affected.
{Warning
If different sized wheels are used,
there may not be an acceptable
level of performance and safety if
tires not recommended for those
wheels are selected. This
increases the chance of a crash
and serious injury. Only use GM
specific wheel and tire systems
developed for the vehicle, and
have them properly installed by a
GM certified technician.
SeeBuying New Tires0415andAccessories andModifications0352.
Uniform Tire Quality
Grading
The following information relates
to the system developed by the
United States National Highway
Traffic Safety Administration
(NHTSA), which grades tires by
treadwear, traction, and
temperature performance. This
applies only to vehicles sold in
the United States. The grades
are molded on the sidewalls of
most passenger car tires. The
Uniform Tire Quality Grading
(UTQG) system does not apply
to deep tread, winter tires,
compact spare tires, tires with
nominal rim diameters of
10 to 12 inches (25 to 30 cm),
or to some limited-production
tires.
While the tires available on
General Motors passenger cars
and light trucks may vary with
respect to these grades, they
must also conform to federal
safety requirements and
additional General Motors Tire
Performance Criteria (TPC)
standards.
Quality grades can be found
where applicable on the tire
sidewall between tread shoulder
and maximum section width. For
example:
Treadwear 200 Traction AATemperature A
All Passenger Car Tires Must
Conform to Federal Safety
Requirements In Addition To
These Grades.
Treadwear
The treadwear grade is a
comparative rating based on the
wear rate of the tire when tested
under controlled conditions on a
specified government test
course. For example, a tire
graded 150 would wear one and
one-half (1Ω) times as well on
the government course as a tire
graded 100. The relative
performance of tires depends
upon the actual conditions of
their use, however, and may
depart significantly from the

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418 Vehicle Care
norm due to variations in driving
habits, service practices and
differences in road
characteristics and climate.
Traction
The traction grades, from
highest to lowest, are AA, A, B,
and C. Those grades represent
the tire's ability to stop on wet
pavement as measured under
controlled conditions on
specified government test
surfaces of asphalt and
concrete. A tire marked C may
have poor traction performance.
Warning: The traction grade
assigned to this tire is based on
straight-ahead braking traction
tests, and does not include
acceleration, cornering,
hydroplaning, or peak traction
characteristics.
Temperature
The temperature grades are A
(the highest), B, and C,
representing the tire's resistance
to the generation of heat and its
ability to dissipate heat when
tested under controlled
conditions on a specified indoor
laboratory test wheel. Sustained
high temperature can cause the
material of the tire to degenerate
and reduce tire life, and
excessive temperature can lead
to sudden tire failure. The grade
Ccorrespondstoalevelof
performance which all
passenger car tires must meet
under the Federal Motor Safety
Standard No. 109. Grades B and
Arepresenthigherlevelsof
performance on the laboratory
test wheel than the minimum
required by law. Warning: The
temperature grade for this tire is
established for a tire that is
properly inflated and not
overloaded. Excessive speed,
underinflation, or excessive
loading, either separately or in
combination, can cause heat
buildup and possible tire failure.
Wheel Alignment and Tire
Balance
The tires and wheels were alignedand balanced at the factory toprovide the longest tire life and bestoverall performance. Adjustments towheel alignment and tire balancingare not necessary on a regularbasis. Consider an alignment checkif there is unusual tire wear or thevehicle is significantly pulling to oneside or the other. Some slight pull tothe left or right, depending on thecrown of the road and/or other roadsurface variations such as troughsor ruts, is normal. If the vehicle isvibrating when driving on a smoothroad, the tires and wheels may needto be rebalanced. See your dealerfor proper diagnosis.
Wheel Replacement
Replace any wheel that is bent,cracked, or badly rusted orcorroded. If wheel nuts keep comingloose, the wheel, wheel bolts andwheel nuts should be replaced.If the wheel leaks air, replace it.

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434 Vehicle Care
The positive (+) terminal isunder a red plastic cover at thepositive battery post. Touncover the positive (+)terminal, open the red plasticcover.
For more information on thelocation of the remotepositive (+) and remotenegative (✓)terminals,seeEngine CompartmentOverview0354.
{Warning
An electric fan can start up even
when the engine is not running
and can injure you. Keep hands,
clothing, and tools away from any
underhood electric fan.
{Warning
Using a match near a battery can
cause battery gas to explode.
People have been hurt doing this,
(Continued)
Warning (Continued)
and some have been blinded.
Use a flashlight if you need more
light.
Battery fluid contains acid that
can burn you. Do not get it on
you. If you accidentally get it in
your eyes or on your skin, flush
the place with water and get
medical help immediately.
{Warning
Fans or other moving engine
parts can injure you badly. Keep
your hands away from moving
parts once the engine is running.
6. Check that the jumper cablesdo not have loose or missinginsulation. If they do, you couldget a shock. The vehiclescould be damaged too.
Before you connect the cables,here are some basic things youshould know. Positive (+) willgo to positive (+) or to a remotepositive (+) terminal if thevehicle has one. Negative (✓)will go to a heavy, unpaintedmetal engine part or to aremote negative (✓)terminalifthe vehicle has one.
Do not connect positive (+) tonegative (✓)oryouwillgetashort that would damage thebattery and maybe other partstoo. And do not connect thenegative (✓)cabletothenegative (✓)terminalonthedead battery because this cancause sparks.

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Vehicle Care 441
5. Use a clamping devicedesigned for towing to ensurethat the front wheels are lockedinto the straight position.
6. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.
Four-Wheel-Drive Vehicles
{Warning
Shifting a four-wheel-drive
vehicle's transfer case into
N(Neutral)cancausethevehicle
to roll even if the transmission is
in P (Park). You or others could
be injured. Set the parking brake
before shifting the transfer case
to N (Neutral).
To d o l l y t o w a f o u r - w h e e l - d r i v evehicle from the rear:
1. Drive the rear wheels onto thedolly.
2. Set the parking brake. SeeParking Brake0293.
3. Put the transmission inP(Park).
4. Secure the vehicle to the dollyfollowing the manufacturer'sinstructions.
5. Use a clamping devicedesigned for towing to ensurethat the front wheels are lockedinto the straight position.
6. Shift the transfer case toN(Neutral). See“Shifting intoN(Neutral)”underFour-WheelDrive0284for the properprocedure.
7. Turn the ignition to LOCK/OFF.
Appearance Care
Exterior Care
Locks
Locks are lubricated at the factory.Use a de-icing agent only whenabsolutely necessary, and have thelocks greased after using. SeeRecommended Fluids andLubricants0462.
Washing the Vehicle
To p r e s e r v e t h e v e h i c l e ' s f i n i s h ,wash it often and out of directsunlight.
Caution
Do not use petroleum-based,
acidic, or abrasive cleaning
agents as they can damage the
vehicle's paint, metal, or plastic
parts. If damage occurs, it would
not be covered by the vehicle
warranty. Approved cleaning
products can be obtained from
(Continued)

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Index 497
Antilock Brake System(ABS) (cont'd)
Warning Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Appearance Care
Exterior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Interior . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446
Apple CarPlay and
Android Auto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Assistance Program,
Roadside . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 476
Assistance Systems for
Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Assistance Systems for
Parking and Backing . . . . . . . . . . 302
Audio
Bluetooth . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Theft-Deterrent Feature . . . . . . . 182
Audio Players
CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Automatic
Dimming Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Door Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Forward Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Headlamp System . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Transmission . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
Transmission Fluid . . . . . . 363, 366
Automatic Transmission
Manual Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Automatic Transmission (cont'd)
Shift Lock Control Function
Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Auxiliary
Roof Mounted Lamp . . . . . . . . . . 176
Auxiliary Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Avoiding Untrusted Media
Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Axle, Front . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
Axle, Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
B
Battery
Load Management . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Power Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Voltage and Charging
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Battery - North America . . . . 378, 432
Blade Replacement, Wiper . . . . . 384
Blind Spot Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Bluetooth
Overview . . . . . . . . 216, 217,221, 226
Bluetooth Audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Brake
Pedal and Adjustable
Throttle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
System Warning Light . . . . . . . . 140
Brakes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Brakes (cont'd)
Antilock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292
Assist . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Fluid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
System Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Automatic Forward . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Break-In, New Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . 267
Bulb Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Center High-Mounted
Stoplamp (CHMSL) and
Cargo Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Fog Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Halogen Bulbs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Headlamp Aiming . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Headlamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Headlamps, Front Turn
Signal, Sidemarker, and
Parking Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
High Intensity Discharge
(HID) Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 386
Ta i l l a m p s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 8 7
Ta i l l a m p s , T u r n S i g n a l ,
Stoplamps, and Back-up
Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Buying New Tires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415

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498 Index
C
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
California
Fuel Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Perchlorate Materials
Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
California
Proposition
65 Warning . . . . . . . . . .351, 378, 432
Canadian Vehicle Owners . . . . . . . . 2
Capacities and
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 468
Carbon Monoxide
Engine Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Ta i l g a t e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2
Winter Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Cargo
Tie-Downs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Cargo Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177
Caution, Danger, and Warning . . . . 3
CD Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Center Console Storage . . . . . . . . 116
Center High-Mounted
Stoplamp (CHMSL) and
Cargo Lamp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Center Seat . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Chains, Tire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 419
Charging
Wireless . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 126
Charging System Light . . . . . . . . . 138
Check
Ignition Transmission Lock . . . 383
Malfunction Indicator
Engine Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Child Restraints
Infants and Young Children . . . . . 90
Lower Anchors and Tethers
for Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96
Older Children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
Securing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102, 106
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Cleaning
Exterior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Interior Care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446
Climate Control
Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237, 238
Air Conditioning . . . . . . . . . 237, 238
Dual Automatic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
Heating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237, 238
Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
Cluster, Instrument . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
Clutch, Hydraulic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 366
Collision Damage Repair . . . . . . . 479
Compartments
Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Compass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Connections
OnStar®...................... 488
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
Traction and Electronic
Stability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Control Light
Hill Descent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Control of a Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Convex Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Coolant
Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Engine Temperature Gauge . . 133
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Engine Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Courtesy Transportation
Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 478
Cruise Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Cupholders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Customer Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Offices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474
Te x t Te l e p h o n e ( T T Y )
Users . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 475
Customer Information
Service Publications
Ordering Information . . . . . . . . 481

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Index 499
Customer Satisfaction
Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 472
D
Damage Repair, Collision . . . . . . . 479
Danger, Warning, and Caution . . . . 3
Data Collection
Infotainment System . . . . . . . . . . 485
OnStar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 485
Data Recorders, Event . . . . . . . . . 484
Daytime Running
Lamps (DRL) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Defensive Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Diagnostics
OnStar®...................... 490
Distracted Driving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 247
Dome Lamps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 178
Door
Ajar Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 151
Delayed Locking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Power Locks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Drive Belt Routing, Engine . . . . . . 471
Driver Assistance Systems . . . . . 301
Driver Information
Center (DIC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145, 147
Driving
Assistance Systems . . . . . . . . . . 304
Driving (cont'd)
Characteristics and
To w i n g T i p s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1 5
Defensive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Drunk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
For Better Fuel Economy . . . . . . . 31
Hill and Mountain Roads . . . . . . 256
If the Vehicle is Stuck . . . . . . . . . 258
Loss of Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Off-Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Off-Road Recovery . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Vehicle Load Limits . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Wet Roads . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255
Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Dual Automatic Climate
Control System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240
E
E85 or FlexFuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Electrical Equipment,
Add-On . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
Electrical System
Engine Compartment Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Fuses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Instrument Panel Fuse
Block . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 393, 395
Overload . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Emergency
OnStar®...................... 487
Engine
Air Cleaner/Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Check and Service Engine
Soon Light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Compartment Overview . . . . . . . 354
Coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Coolant Heater . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272
Coolant Temperature
Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Cooling System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
Cooling System Messages . . . 152
Drive Belt Routing . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Exhaust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276
Fan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Oil Life System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Oil Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152
Oil Pressure Gauge . . . . . . . . . . 132
Overheated Protection
Operating Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . 374
Overheating . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372
Power Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153
Running While Parked . . . . . . . . 277
Starting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Entry Lighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
Equipment, Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Event Data Recorders . . . . . . . . . . 484