2016 VOLVO XC90 T8 brake sensor

DRIVER SUPPORT
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293
Related information
•City Safety
™ (p. 287)
• Whiplash protection system (p. 63)
• Seat belts (p. 64)
• City Safety warning level settings (p. 289)
City Safety limitations
City Safety ™ may have limited or reduced func-
tionality in certain situations.
The function has several limitations that the driver should be familiar with:
Low objects
Hanging objects, such as flags for overhanging loads or accessories such as auxiliary lights orfront protective grids that extend beyond theheight of the hood may limit City Safety's func-tion.
Slippery driving conditions
The extended braking distance on slippery roads may reduce City Safety's capacity to help avoid acollision. In situations of this type, the ABSbrakes and Electronic Stability Control will helpprovide braking power and stability.
Backlighting
Strong sunlight, reflections, extreme light con- trasts, the use of sunglasses, or if the driver is notlooking straight ahead may make the visual warn-ing signal in the windshield difficult to see.
Heat
If the temperature in the passenger compartment is very high, the camera and radar sensor may betemporarily turned off for approx. 15 minutesafter the engine has been started to protect theirelectronic components. When the temperaturehas cooled sufficiently, the camera and radarsensor will restart automatically. The visual warning signal may also be temporarilydisabled due to high passenger compartmenttemperatures caused by strong sunlight. Warnings may not be given if the distance to the vehicle ahead is short and the driver is activelyoperating the vehicle (clearly depressing a pedalor turning the steering wheel).
Reduced visibility
City Safety's functions may be greatly impeded or deactivated by e.g., intense snowfall or rain, indense fog, in very dusty conditions or if there isblowing snow in front of the vehicle. Condensa-tion, ice, snow or dirt on the windshield may alsoreduce the system's functionality.
NOTE
•
Keep the windshield in front of the radar sensor free of ice, snow, dirt, etc.
• Snow or ice on the hood deeper than2 inches (5 cm) may obstruct the sensor.Keep the hood free of ice and snow.
• Do not mount or in any way attach any-thing on the windshield that couldobstruct the radar sensor.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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The tone becomes constant when you are within approximately 1 ft (30 cm) of an object and theinnermost sensor field will be red. If there areobjects within this distance both behind and infront of the vehicle, the tone alternates betweenfront and rear speakers. While an audible signal is being given, its volume level can be raised/lowered using the
>II control
in the center console or can be adjusted in the Setting menu.
WARNING
Park Assist is an information system, NOT a safety system. This system is designed to bea supplementary aid when parking the vehicle.It is not, however, intended to replace the driv-er's attention and judgement.
Rear park assist
The system's rear sensors are activated automat- ically when the engine is started and are active ifthe vehicle rolls rearward with the gear selector in N or if R has been selected.
The distance monitored behind the vehicle is approximately 5 ft (1.5 m). The audible signalcomes from the rear speakers. The rear sensors will be deactivated automatically when towing a trailer if Volvo genuine trailer wir-ing is used. If a non-Volvo trailer hitch is beingused, it may be necessary to switch off the sys-tem manually.
Side park assist
The system's side sensors are activated automat- ically when the engine is started and are active atspeeds below approximately 6 mph (10 km/h). The distance monitored along the sides of thevehicle is approximately 1 ft (0.3 m). The audiblesignal comes from the side speakers.
Front park assist
The system's front sensors are activated auto- matically when the engine is started and areactive at speeds below approximately 6 mph(10 km/h). The distance monitored in front of the vehicle is approximately 2.5 ft (0.8 m). The audible signalcomes from the front speakers. Front Park Assist is deactivated if the parking brake is applied or if the gear selector is put in
P.
When installing auxiliary headlights, be sure that they do not obstruct the front sensors. Otherwise,these lights could trigger a Park Assist warning.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.309
NOTE
•The system will not detect high objects, such as a loading dock, etc.
• Certain materials or fabrics may not bedetected by the sensors. Objects made ofthese materials or people wearing cloth-ing made of these fabrics may not bedetected.
• Children or animals near the vehicle maynot always be detected.
• Objects such as chains, thin shiny polesor low objects may temporarily not bedetected by the system. This may resultin the pulsing tone unexpectedly stoppinginstead of changing to a constant tone asthe vehicle approaches the object. Insuch cases, use caution when backing upor stop the vehicle to help avoid damage.
• In certain circumstances, the park assistsystem may give unexpected warning sig-nals that can be caused by externalsound sources that use the same ultra-sound frequencies as the system. Thismay include such things as the horns ofother vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneu-matic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes,other vehicles with similar ultrasound sys-tems, etc. This does not indicate a fault inthe system.
Cleaning the sensors
Location of the Park Assist sensors
The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensure that they work properly. Clean them with waterand a suitable car washing detergent.
NOTE
If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt, snow, or ice, this could result in false warningsignals from the park assist system.
Related information
•
Park Assist
* (p. 306)
• Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 308)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 310)

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DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
320 adjusted by driving slightly forward and backing up. 1.
Put the gear selector in D, wait until the
steering wheel has turned and drive forward slowly.
2. Stop the vehicle when you are instructed by PAP to do so.
3. Put the gear selector in R, back up slowly
and stop when you are instructed by PAP todo so.
When the parking procedure is finished (this will be indicated by a text message and a graphicimage), PAP switches off automatically. If neces-sary, the driver may need to make minor adjust-ments to ensure that the vehicle is parked cor-rectly.
CAUTION
The warning distance is shorter when PAP is using the sensors than when Park Assist isusing them.
Leaving a parking spaceThis function can only be used for a vehicle that has been par-allel parked and is activated inthe center display's Functionview. 1. Tap the
Park out button in
the center display's Function view.
2. Follow the instructions provided. The proce- dure is the same as when parking the vehicle. The steering wheel may turn back slightly when the function is completed and the driver mayhave to turn the back before leaving the parkingspace. If PAP determines that the driver can leave the parking space without assistance, the functionwill deactivate before the vehicle is completelyout of the space.
Related information
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* (p. 316)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* limitations (p. 320)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* symbols and mes-
sages (p. 322)
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) * limitations
The PAP function may be limited in certain situa- tions.
The PAP parking sequence is cancelledA parking sequence will be cancelled:
• if the vehicle is driven too fast (above approx. 4 mph (7 km/h)
• if the driver taps
Cancel in the center display
• if the driver moves the steering wheel with sufficient force.
• if the anti-lock brakes or Electronic StabilityControl are activated (e.g., if a wheel beginsto spin or lose traction)
In such cases, a text message will explain why the parking sequence was cancelled.
NOTE
• PAP will not function correctly if its sen- sors are obstructed by dirt, snow, etc.
• In certain situations, PAP may not be ableto measure a parking space. This couldbe due to external sources of sound (e.g.,a vehicle's horn, tires on wet asphalt,pneumatic brakes, noise from a motorcy-cle's exhaust, etc.) emitting ultrasoundusing approximately the same frequen-cies as PAP.

DRIVER SUPPORT
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Roll stability control (RSC)Volvo's Roll Stability Control (RSC) is a stability system designed to help minimize the risk of arollover in emergency maneuvers or if a skidshould occur.
RSC uses a gyroscopic sensor that registers the amount of change in the lateral angle at whichthe vehicle is leaning. Using this information, RSCcalculates the likelihood of a rollover. If there isan imminent risk of a rollover, the stability systemis activated, power to the engine is cut and thebrakes are applied to one or more of the wheelsuntil the vehicle regains stability.
WARNING
The vehicle

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STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
348
Instrument panel symbols
SymbolExplanation
A
B
Red symbol: Check the brake fluid
level. If the level is low, top up and have the system inspected todetermine the cause of the loss offluid. Yellow symbol: there is a fault in
the brake pedal sensor.
A
B
Steady glow for more than 2 seconds: there is a fault in theABS system. The normal brakesystem will still function but with-out ABS brake modulation.
If Brake pedalCharacteristics
changed Service required is
displayed, the Brake-by-Wire sys- tem is not functioning properly.The brake pedal must be pressedfarther down and with more pres-sure for braking effect.
A US models
B Canadian models
WARNING
If both symbols illuminate at the same time and the brake level is below the MIN mark in
the reservoir or if a brake system-related mes-sage is shown in the instrument panel: DO
NOT DRIVE . Have the vehicle towed to a
trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake system inspected. If both symbols illuminate at the same time and the brake level is normal (not below the
MIN mark in the reservoir) or if a brake sys-
tem-related message is shown in the instru- ment panel: drive the vehicle carefully to anauthorized Volvo workshop and have thebrake system inspected by a trained andqualified Volvo service technician.
Related information
• Brake functions (p. 348)
• Brake assist system (p. 349)
• Emergency brake lights (p. 350)
• General information about the XC90 T8 Twin Engine Plug-in Hybrid (p. 16)
Brake functions
The vehicle's standard braking features are aug- mented by a number of auxiliary help functions.
In addition to the wheel brakes and the parking brake, the vehicle is equipped with several auto-matic brake assist functions. These systems helpthe driver by e.g., keeping the vehicle stationarywhen the brake pedal is not depressed (at a traf-fic light or intersection), when starting up a hill orwhen driving down a hill. These systems include: • Auto-hold brakes
• Hill Start Assist
• Braking assist after a collision
• Hill Descent Control
*
Related information
•Brakes (p. 346)
• Parking brake (p. 352)
• Hill Descent Control (HDC) (p. 350)
• Auto-hold brake function (p. 349)

STARTING AND DRIVING
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WARNING
•Do not connect the jumper cable to any part of the fuel system or to any movingparts. Avoid touching hot manifolds.
• Batteries generate hydrogen gas, whichis flammable and explosive.
• Battery fluid contains sulfuric acid. Do notallow battery fluid to contact eyes, skin,fabrics or painted surfaces. If contactoccurs, flush the affected area immedi-ately with water. Obtain medical helpimmediately if eyes are affected.
• Never expose the battery to open flameor electric spark.
• Do not smoke near the battery.
• Failure to follow the instructions for jumpstarting can lead to injury.
Related information
• Towing eyelet (p. 359)
• Jump starting (p. 365)
• Parking brake (p. 352)
• Ignition modes (p. 370)
Fuel Volvo recommends the use of detergent gaso- line to control engine deposits.
Deposit control gasoline (detergent
additives)
Detergent gasoline is effective in keeping injec- tors and intake valves clean. Consistent use ofdeposit control gasolines will help ensure gooddrivability and fuel economy. If you are not surewhether the gasoline contains deposit controladditives, check with the service station operator.
NOTE
Volvo does not recommend the use of exter- nal fuel injector cleaning systems.
Unleaded fuelEach Volvo has a three-way catalytic converter and must use only unleaded gasoline. U.S. andCanadian regulations require that pumps deliver-ing unleaded gasoline be labeled "UNLEADED".Only these pumps have nozzles which fit yourvehicle's filler inlet. It is unlawful to dispense lea-ded fuel into a vehicle labeled "unleaded gaso-line only". Leaded gasoline damages the three-way catalytic converter and the heated oxygensensor system. Repeated use of leaded gasolinewill lessen the effectiveness of the emission con-trol system and could result in loss of emissionwarranty coverage. State and local vehicle inspection programs will make detection of mis-fueling easier, possibly resulting in emission testfailure for misfueled vehicles.
NOTE
Some U.S. and Canadian gasolines contain an octane enhancing additive called methyl-cyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl(MMT). If such fuels are used, your EmissionControl System performance may be affected,and the Check Engine Light (malfunctionindicator light) located on your instrumentpanel may light. If this occurs, please returnyour vehicle to a trained and qualified Volvoservice technician for service.
Gasoline containing alcohol and ethers, "Oxygenated fuels"
Some fuel suppliers sell gasoline containing "oxygenates" which are usually alcohols orethers. In some areas, state or local laws requirethat the service pump be marked indicating useof alcohols or ethers. However, there are areas inwhich the pumps are unmarked. If you are notsure whether there is alcohol or ethers in thegasoline you buy, check with the service stationoperator. To meet seasonal air quality standards,some areas require the use of "oxygenated" fuel. Volvo allows the use of the following "oxygen- ated" fuels; however, the octane ratings listedmust still be met.

MAINTENANCE AND SERVICING
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* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.487
Function[A]
––
Horn20
Alarm siren*5
Brake system control module (valves, parking brake)40
Windshield wipers30
Tailgate window washer25
Heated windshield *, passenger
side40
––
Brake system control module (ABS pump)40
––
Heated windshield *, passenger
sideShunt
Feed when ignition is switched on to: engine control module,transmission components, elec-trical power steering, centralelectrical module5
Exterior vehicle sound (certain markets)5
Function[A]
Passenger side headlight7,5
––
––
––
Air bags; Occupant Weight Sen- sor (OWS)5
Driver side headlight7,5
Accelerator pedal sensor5
Transmission control module; Gear selector control module15
Engine control module5
––
––
––
––
Engine control module; Turbo- charger valve20
Solenoids; Valves; Engine cool- ing system thermostat10
Function[A]
Vacuum regulators; Valve7,5
Spoiler shutter control module; Radiator shutter control module;Fuel leakage detection5
––
Heated oxygen sensors (front and rear)15
Oil pump solenoid; A/C mag- netic coupling; heated oxygensensor (center)15
––
Engine control module20
Ignition coil; Spark plugs15
––
––
Transmission oil pump control module30
Vacuum pump control module40
Transmission actuator25
––