2016 FORD TRANSIT service

•
Fluid leaks.
• Strange odors.
• Excessive exhaust smoke.
• Loss of engine power.
Do not make any unauthorized changes to
your vehicle or engine. By law, vehicle
owners and anyone who manufactures,
repairs, services, sells, leases, trades
vehicles, or supervises a fleet of vehicles
are not permitted to intentionally remove
an emission control device or prevent it
from working. Information about your
vehicle ’s emission system is on the Vehicle
Emission Control Information Decal
located on or near the engine. This decal
also lists engine displacement.
Please see your warranty information for
complete details.
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD-II)
Your vehicle has an on-board diagnostics
system (OBD-II) that monitors the engine ’s
emission control system. This system
protects the environment by making sure
that your vehicle continues to meet
government emission standards. The
OBD-II system also assists an authorized
dealer in correctly servicing your vehicle. When the service engine soon
indicator illuminates, the OBD-II
system has detected a
malfunction. Temporary malfunctions may
cause the service engine soon indicator to
illuminate.
Examples of temporary malfunctions are:
• The vehicle has run out of fuel.
• Poor fuel quality or water in the fuel.
• The engine may misfire or run rough.
• The fuel filler door may not have been
closed correctly. See Refueling (page
122).
• Driving through deep water. The
electrical system may be wet. You can correct these temporary
malfunctions by filling the fuel tank with
good quality fuel, correctly closing the fuel
filler door or letting the electrical system
dry out. After three driving cycles without
these or any other temporary malfunctions
present, the service engine soon indicator
should not illuminate. A driving cycle
consists of a cold engine startup followed
by mixed city or highway driving. No
additional vehicle service is required.
If the service engine soon indicator remains
on, have your vehicle serviced at the first
available opportunity. Although some
malfunctions detected by the OBD-II may
not have symptoms that are apparent,
continued driving with the service engine
soon indicator on can result in increased
emissions, lower fuel economy, reduced
engine and transmission smoothness, and
lead to more costly repairs.
Readiness for
Inspection/Maintenance (I/M)
Testing
Some state/provincial and local
governments may have
Inspection/Maintenance (I/M) programs
to inspect the emission control equipment
on your vehicle. Failure to pass this
inspection could prevent you from getting
a vehicle registration.
If the service engine soon
indicator is on or the bulb does
not work, you may need to have
your vehicle serviced. See
On-Board
Diagnostics (OBD-II).
Your vehicle may not pass the I/M test if
the service engine soon indicator is on or
not working properly (bulb is burned out),
or if the OBD-II system has determined
that some of the emission control systems
have not been properly checked. In this
case, your vehicle is not ready for I/M
testing.
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If the vehicle engine or transmission has
just been serviced or the battery has
recently run out of charge or been
replaced, the OBD-II system may indicate
that your vehicle is not ready for I/M
testing. To determine if the vehicle is ready
for I/M testing, switch the ignition on for 15
seconds without cranking the engine. If the
service engine soon indicator flashes on
and off eight times, it means that your
vehicle is not ready for I/M testing; if the
service engine soon indicator illuminates
and remains on, it means that your vehicle
is ready for I/M testing.
The OBD-II system monitors the emission
control system during normal driving. A
complete check may take several days.
If your vehicle is not ready for I/M testing,
you may need to:
•
Drive on an expressway or highway for
a steady 15 minutes, followed by 20
minutes of stop-and-go driving with at
least four 30-second idle periods.
• Allow your vehicle to sit for at least
eight hours without starting the engine.
Then complete the above driving cycle.
The engine must warm up to its normal
operating temperature. Do not switch the
ignition off until the above driving cycle is
complete. If your vehicle is still not ready
for I/M testing, you will have to repeat the
above driving cycle.
Diesel Exhaust System: Oxidation
Catalyst And Diesel Particulate
Filter System
Your vehicle is fitted with a diesel
particulate filter. The diesel particulate
filter is an inline filter in the exhaust system
that reduces carbon emissions by trapping
exhaust particles before they reach the
tailpipe. The diesel particulate filter looks
similar to a traditional exhaust catalyst,
except it is larger, and is part of the exhaust
system under the vehicle. The filter couples to a diesel oxidation catalyst that reduces
the amount of harmful exhaust emitted
from the tailpipe. As soot gathers in the
system it begins to restrict the filter. The
soot that gathers inside the filter is cleaned
in two different ways, passive regeneration
and active regeneration. Both methods
occur automatically and require no actions
from the driver. During either one of these
regeneration methods, you may notice a
change in exhaust tone. At certain times,
the information display will display various
messages related to the diesel particulate
filter.
Diesel Particulate Filter Maintenance
Failure to carry out active or operator
commanded regeneration when advised
could result in a clogged diesel particulate
filter. If the diesel particulate filter fills
beyond the regeneration threshold, your
vehicle will disable the ability for active
and operator commanded regeneration.
This could result in irreversible damage to
the diesel particulate filter requiring
replacement that the Ford Warranty may
not cover. If your vehicle is not fitted with
operator commanded regeneration, check
with an authorized dealer for availability.
Passive Regeneration
During passive regeneration, the exhaust
system temperature and constituents
automatically clean the diesel particulate
filter, or reduce the soot level, by oxidizing
the soot. Cleaning occurs naturally during
normal engine operating conditions, at
varying levels depending on driving
conditions.
Active Regeneration
Once the diesel particulate filter is full of
exhaust particles, the engine control
module will command the exhaust system
to clean the diesel particulate filter through
a process called active regeneration. Active
regeneration requires the engine computer
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How to Start Operator Commanded
Regeneration
WARNING
Stay clear of exhaust tip during
regeneration. You or others can be
burned.
Note:
You cannot use the operator
commanded regeneration until the diesel
particulate filter load percentage has
reached 100 percent. The diesel particulate
filter load percentage will fluctuate up and
down when driving your vehicle due to active
and passive regenerations. Note:
During the use of operator
commanded regeneration, you may observe
a light amount of white smoke. This is
normal. You cannot use the operator
commanded regeneration if the
service engine soon light is
illuminated.
Using the Information Display
You can start operator commanded
regeneration using the information display.
See (page 82).
To start operator commanded regeneration, run the engine at normal operating
temperature and scroll to: Action and Description
Message
Press the
OK button.
Settings
Press the
OK button.
Exhaust Filter
Full
OK = Cleaning
Select one of the following:
Press the
OK button and then follow the prompts regarding
exhaust position as needed to initiate operator commanded
regeneration. Be sure to understand each prompt. If you are
not sure what is being asked by each prompt, contact an
authorized dealer. The display will confirm the operation has
started and when it has finished.
Exhaust Filter
Full
Press the
OK button and then follow the prompts regarding
exhaust position as needed to initiate operator commanded
regeneration. Be sure to understand each prompt. If you are
not sure what is being asked by each prompt, contact an
authorized dealer. The display will confirm the operation has
started and when it has finished.
Exhaust Filter
Overloaded
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If the diesel particulate filter is near or at saturation, a message requesting
permission to initiate filter cleaning will display.
Action and Description
Message
Press the OK button and then follow the prompts regarding
exhaust position as needed to initiate operator commanded
regeneration. Be sure to understand each prompt. If you are
not sure what is being asked by each prompt, contact an
authorized dealer. The display will confirm the operation has
started and when it has finished.
Exhaust Filter
At Limit
Once operator commanded regeneration
starts, engine rpm will rise to
approximately 2,000 - 2,500 rpm and the
cooling fan will increase speed; you will
hear a change in audible sound due to the
fan and engine speed increase.
It is not necessary to open the hood on the
engine compartment. Once operator
commanded regeneration is complete, the
engine rpm and fan will return to normal
idling. The exhaust system will remain very
hot for several minutes even after regeneration is complete. Do not reposition
the vehicle over materials that could burn
until the exhaust system has had sufficient
time to cool. Depending on the amount of
soot collected by the diesel particulate
filter, ambient temperature, and altitude,
operator commanded regeneration may
last up to 30 minutes. When the system is at the point
of over saturation, the service
engine soon light will illuminate
and the following message will appear.
System Message Action and Description
Message
You will not be able to allow cleaning. You must have your
vehicle serviced by an authorized dealer.
Exhaust filter over limit
Service now
Operator Commanded Regeneration
with Automatic Regeneration Control
(If Equipped)
If your vehicle is operated with significant
stationary operation, low speed drive
cycles less than
25 mph (40 km/h), short
drive cycles, drive time less than 15 minutes
or the vehicle does not fully warm up,
passive and active regeneration may not sufficiently clean the diesel particulate
filter system. You can switch off automatic
regeneration until better driving conditions
are available, for example steady high
driving. You can then switch automatic
regeneration back on to clean the diesel
particulate filter.
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Switching the Automatic Regeneration Control On and Off
To switch the automatic regeneration control on and off, scroll to:
Action and Description
Message
Press the OK button.
Information
Press the
OK button.
Driver Assist
Uncheck the box to switch automatic regeneration off.
Auto Exh.Clean
Check the box to switch automatic regeneration on.
When you switch automatic regeneration off, one of the following warning
messages may be displayed. The diesel particulate filter is full and you should switch the
automatic regeneration control on as soon as possible.
Exhaust Filter Full Clean
Soon
The diesel particulate filter is overloaded you must switch
the automatic regeneration control on as soon as possible.
Exhaust Filter Over-
loaded Clean Now
You must clean the diesel particulate filter immediately.
Failing to do so would cause the diesel particulate filter to
become blocked.
Exhaust filter at limit
Clean now
How to Interrupt or Cancel Operator
Commanded Regeneration
If you need to cancel the operator
commanded regeneration, press the brake
pedal or switch the ignition off to stop the
procedure. Depending on the amount of
time you allowed the operator
commanded regeneration to operate, soot
may not have had sufficient time to be
eliminated, but the exhaust system and
exhaust gas may still be hot. If you shut
your vehicle off during operator
commanded regeneration, you will notice
turbo flutter. This is a normal consequence
caused by shutting off a diesel engine
during boosted operation and is considered
normal. Filter Service and Maintenance
Over time, a slight amount of ash will build
up in the diesel particulate filter, which is
not removed during the regeneration
process. The filter may need to be removed
for ash cleaning at approximately
119,900 mi (193,000 km) or greater, actual
mileage can vary greatly depending upon
engine and vehicle operating conditions.
The filter may need to be replaced at
approximately
248,500 mi (400,000 km)
depending upon vehicle operating
conditions.
In both cases, the engine control system
will set a service light to inform you to have
your vehicle checked by an authorized
dealer.
If there are any issues with the diesel
particulate filter, the engine control system
will turn on a service light to inform you to
have your vehicle checked by an authorized
dealer.
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Powertrain fault indicator.
Service engine soon indicator.
Resonator and Tailpipe Assembly
Maintenance WARNINGS
Failure to maintain the functional
holes, in the tailpipe section of the
exhaust, clean and free of debris or
foreign material may result in the holes
becoming blocked or plugged. Do not
modify or remove the tail-pipe section.
Blocked or plugged holes or
removal/modification of the system could
result in elevated exhaust gas
temperatures which may result in
vehicle/property damage or personal
injury. The normal operating temperature
of the exhaust system is very high.
Never work around or attempt to
repair any part of the exhaust system until
it has cooled. Use special care when
working around the diesel oxidation
catalytic converter and/or the diesel
particulate filter (DPF). The diesel
oxidation catalytic converter and/or the
DPF heats up to a high temperature after
only a short period of engine operation and
can stay hot even after the engine is turned
off. Failure to follow these instructions may
result in personal injury. Note:
Additions of aftermarket devices or
modifications to the exhaust system can
reduce the effectiveness of the exhaust
system as well as cause damage to the
exhaust system or engine. These actions
may also affect your vehicle ’s warranty. See
the Warranty Guide for more information. The diesel resonator tail-pipe assembly is
a uniquely functioning device that
accompanies the diesel particulate filter
assembly. The tail-pipe assembly serves
multiple functions. First, it serves as an
acoustic device to attenuate exhaust noise.
Second, it provides an exit path for the
exhaust from your vehicle. It also helps
control the temperature of the exhaust
during diesel particulate filter regeneration
events. The visible holes in each leg of the
twin tip and the holes under the shield just
inboard of the right rear tire(s) are
functional. You need to keep the holes
clear of mud, debris or foreign material to
maintain proper function of the exhaust
system. Clean and remove debris or foreign
material if present as needed. Spraying
with a hose during regular washing of your
vehicle should help keep holes clean and
clear of debris or foreign material.
Emission Control System Laws
WARNING
Do not remove or alter the original
equipment floor covering or
insulation between it and the metal
floor of the vehicle. The floor covering and
insulation protect occupants of the vehicle
from the engine and exhaust system heat
and noise. On vehicles with no original
equipment floor covering insulation, do not
carry passengers in a manner that permits
prolonged skin contact with the metal
floor. Provide adequate insulation. Failure
to follow these instructions may result in
fire or personal injury. In the U.S. federal law and certain state
laws prohibit removing or rendering
inoperative emission control system(s).
Similar federal or provincial laws may
apply in Canada. Ford recommends
against any vehicle modification without
determining applicable law.
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Tampering with emissions
control systems (including
related sensors and the Diesel
Exhaust Fluid (DEF) injection system) can
result in reduced engine power and the
illumination of the service engine soon
light.
Tampering With a Noise Control
System
Federal law prohibits the following acts:
• The removal or rendering inoperative
by any person other than for purposes
of maintenance, repair or replacement
of any device or element of design
incorporated into any new vehicle for
the purpose of noise control prior to its
sale or delivery to the ultimate
purchaser or while it is in use
• The use of the vehicle after such device
or element of design has been removed
or rendered inoperative by any person.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
may presume to constitute tampering as
follows:
• Removal of hood blanket, fender apron
absorbers, fender apron barriers,
underbody noise shields or acoustically
absorptive material.
• Tampering or rendering inoperative the
engine speed governor, to allow engine
speed to exceed manufacturer ’s
specifications.
The complexity of the diesel engine makes
it so you are not encouraged to carry-out
maintenance other than the services
described in this Owner's Manual. If the engine does not start, runs rough,
experiences a decrease in engine
performance, experiences excess fuel
consumption or produces excessive
exhaust smoke, check for the following:
•
A plugged or disconnected air inlet
system hose.
• A plugged engine air filter element.
• Water in the fuel filter and water
separator.
• A clogged fuel filter.
• Contaminated fuel.
• Air in the fuel system, due to loose
connections.
• An open or pinched sensor hose.
• Incorrect engine oil level.
• Incorrect fuel for climatic conditions.
• Incorrect engine oil viscosity for
climactic conditions.
Note: If these checks do not help you
correct the concern, have your vehicle
checked by an authorized dealer.
Noise Emissions Warranty,
Prohibited Tampering Acts and
Maintenance
On January 1, 1978, Federal regulation
became effective governing the noise
emission on trucks over 10,000 lbs. (4,536
kg) GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating).
The preceding statements concerning
prohibited tampering acts and
maintenance, and the noise warranty
found in the Warranty Guide, are
applicable to complete chassis cabs over
10,000 lbs. (4,536 kg) GVWR.
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Upshifts when accelerating (recom-
mended for best fuel economy)
Vehicle speed mph( km/h):
Upshift from:
45 (72)
4 - 5
50 (80)
5 - 6
Note: Engine damage may occur if you
maintain an excessive engine speed without
shifting.
Hints on Driving with an Automatic
Transmission WARNING
Do not idle the engine for long
periods in drive (D) with the brakes
applied.
Putting Your Vehicle in Gear
1. Start the engine.
2. Press the brake pedal.
3. Shift the gearshift lever to drive (D),
reverse (R) or manual (M).
4. Release the parking brake.
5. Release the brake pedal and press the
accelerator pedal.
Stopping Your Vehicle
1. Release the accelerator pedal and press the brake pedal.
2. Apply the parking brake.
3. Shift the gearshift lever to neutral (N) or park (P).
4. Switch the ignition off. If Your Vehicle Gets Stuck In Mud or
Snow
If your vehicle is stuck in mud or snow, shift
between drive (D) and reverse (R) pressing
lightly on the accelerator pedal in each
gear. Stop between shifts in a steady
pattern to rock your vehicle.
Note:
Do not rock your vehicle if the engine
is not at normal operating temperature,
damage to the transmission may occur.
Note: Do not rock your vehicle for more
than a minute, damage to the transmission
or tires may occur and the engine may
overheat.
Brake-Shift Interlock WARNINGS
Do not drive your vehicle until you
verify that the brake lamps are
working.
This procedure requires you to shift
the gearshift lever out of park (P)
causing your vehicle to roll. Make
sure you fully set the parking brake before
attempting to shift the gearshift lever out
of park (P). If you release the parking brake and
the brake warning lamp remains
illuminated, the brakes may not be
working correctly. The system has
detected a fault that requires service. Your vehicle has a brake-shift interlock
feature. This prevents you from shifting the
gearshift lever from the park (P) position,
unless the brake pedal is pressed.
In the event of an electrical malfunction,
or if the vehicle battery has run out of
charge, use the following procedure to shift
the gearshift lever from the park (P)
position.
1.
Apply the parking brake and switch the
ignition off.
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