2015 VOLVO XC90 brake

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.293
The distance monitored along the sides of the vehicle is approximately 1 ft (0.3 m). The audiblesignal comes from the side speakers.
Front park assist
The system's front sensors are activated auto- matically when the engine is started and areactive at speeds below approximately 6 mph(10 km/h). The distance monitored in front of the vehicle is approximately 2.5 ft (0.8 m). The audible signalcomes from the front speakers. Front Park Assist is deactivated if the driver presses the brake pedal or if the gear selector is put in
P.
When installing auxiliary headlights, be sure that they do not obstruct the front sensors. Otherwise,these lights could trigger a Park Assist warning.
Related information
• Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 293)
• Park Assist limitations (p. 294)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 295)
Activating/deactivating Park Assist
The Park Assist system can be turned on or off.
On/OffPark Assist's front and side sensors are activated automatically when the engine is started. Therear sensors activate if the vehicle rolls rearward in N or if P is selected.
This function can be activated/ deactivated in the center dis-play's Function view.
–Tap the Park Assist button.
> Green indicator: the function is active. Gray indicator: the function is deactivated.
Related information
• Park Assist
* (p. 292)
• Park Assist limitations (p. 294)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 295)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
294
Park Assist limitations
The Park Assist system has certain limitations.
NOTE
A trailer hitch whose wiring is integrated with the vehicle's electrical system will be includedin the measurement of the available spacebehind the vehicle.
NOTE
• The system will not detect high objects, such as a loading dock, etc.
• Objects such as chains, thin shiny polesor low objects may temporarily not bedetected by the system. This may resultin the pulsing tone unexpectedly stoppinginstead of changing to a constant tone asthe vehicle approaches the object. Insuch cases, use caution when backing upor stop the vehicle to help avoid damage.
• In certain circumstances, the park assistsystem may give unexpected warning sig-nals that can be caused by externalsound sources that use the same ultra-sound frequencies as the system. Thismay include such things as the horns ofother vehicles, wet tires on asphalt, pneu-matic brakes, motorcycle exhaust pipes,etc. This does not indicate a fault in thesystem.
Cleaning the sensors
Location of the Park Assist sensors
The sensors must be cleaned regularly to ensure that they work properly. Clean them with waterand a suitable car washing detergent.
NOTE
If the sensors are obstructed by e.g., dirt, snow, or ice, this could result in false warningsignals from the park assist system.
Related information
•
Park Assist
* (p. 292)
• Activating/deactivating Park Assist (p. 293)
• Park assist symbols and messages (p. 295)

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.301
•
With
360° view selected, objects/obstacles
may not be detected at the edges of the indi- vidual cameras' fields of vision.
• A crossed-out camera icon means that thecamera is not functioning properly.
Ambient lightingThe camera images are adjusted automatically to the ambient light, which means the image mayvary slightly in terms of light and quality. Poorambient lighting may reduce the quality of theimage.
Maintenance
• Keep the camera's lens free of dirt, ice and snow. This is particularly important in poorambient lighting conditions.
• Remove dirt, ice and snow carefully to avoidscratching the lenses.
• Clean the lens regularly with warm water anda suitable car washing detergent.
Related information
•
Park Assist Camera (PAC)
* (p. 296)
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) *
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) helps the driver drive into and leave parking spaces.
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) provides assistance when parking by measuring the parking space andturning the steering wheel to guide the vehicleinto the space. Information about the actions required by the driver is provided in the center display in the formof symbols, images and text.
NOTE
The driver's task is to follow the instructions, select a gear ( D or R), regulate the vehicle's
speed, apply the brakes when necessary and stop.
Types of parking
Parallel parking
Procedure for parallel parking
PAP helps park the vehicle as follows:
1. The system searches for and measures a possible parking space. While this is being done, the vehicle's speed may not exceedapprox. 20 mph ( 30 km/h). When backinginto a space, the speed may not exceedapprox. 12 mph ( 20 km/h).
2. The vehicle is steered while it is backing into the parking space.
3. The vehicle's position is adjusted in the park- ing space by moving forward and rearward.

DRIVER SUPPORT
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.305
2. Follow the instructions provided. The proce- dure is the same as when parking the vehicle. The steering wheel may turn back slightly when the function is completed and the driver mayhave to turn the back before leaving the parkingspace. If PAP determines that the driver can leave the parking space without assistance, the functionwill deactivate before the vehicle is completelyout of the space.
Related information
•
Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* (p. 301)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* limitations (p. 305)
• Park Assist Pilot (PAP)
* symbols and mes-
sages (p. 307)
Park Assist Pilot (PAP) * limitations
The PAP function may be limited in certain situa- tions.
The PAP parking sequence is cancelledA parking sequence will be cancelled:
• if the vehicle is driven too fast (above approx. 4 mph (7 km/h)
• if the driver taps
Cancel in the center display
• if the driver touches the steering wheel
• if the anti-lock brakes or Electronic Stability Control are activated (e.g., if a wheel beginsto spin or lose traction)
In such cases, a text message will explain why the parking sequence was cancelled.
NOTE
• PAP will not function correctly if its sen- sors are obstructed by dirt, snow, etc.
• In certain situations, PAP may not be ableto measure a parking space. This couldbe due to external sources of sound (e.g.,a vehicle's horn, tires on wet asphalt,pneumatic brakes, noise from a motorcy-cle's exhaust, etc.) emitting ultrasoundusing approximately the same frequen-cies as PAP.
Points to keep in mindPAP is a parking aid only and the driver should always be prepared to take control and cancel aparking sequence. This can be due to one ormore of the following factors:
• PAP's function is based on the way that the vehicles are parked behind and in front ofyour parking space. If they are, for example,parked too close to the curb, there is a riskthat your vehicle's tires or wheel rims couldbe damaged by the curb during the parkingprocedure.
• PAP is intended to provide parking assis-tance on straight streets, not sections ofstreet with curved or irregular curbs. Be surethat your vehicle is parallel to the curb whenPAP measures the parking space.
• PAP may not be able to provide parkingassistance on narrow streets due to lack ofspace to maneuver the vehicle. In situationslike this, it may help to drive as close to theside of the road as possible where the park-ing space is located.
• Use only approved tires with the correct infla-tion pressure because this affects PAP'scapacity to provide parking assistance.Changing to a different approved tire sizemay affect PAP's parameters. Consult atrained and qualified Volvo service technician.
• Heavy rain or snow may inhibit PAP'scapacity to correctly measure a parkingspace.

DRIVER SUPPORT
311
SymbolMessageDescription
ESC Temporarily offThe ESC system function has been temporarily reduced due to high brake disc temperature. The function reac- tivates automatically when the brakes have cooled.
ESC Service requiredThe ESC system is not functioning properly.
• Stop the vehicle in a safe place, turn off the engine and restart it.
• If the message is still displayed when the engine has restarted, drive to an authorized Volvo workshop to have the system inspected.
WARNING
The stability system is intended to help improve driving safety. It supplements, but cannever replace, the driver's judgment andresponsibility when operating the vehicle.Speed and driving style should always beadapted to traffic and road conditions.
Related information
• Electronic Stability Control (ESC) (p. 308)

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
330
Starting and driving The vehicle is equipped with features that sup- plement its basic functions, such as shifting gears with steering wheel paddles * and the fuel-
conserving start/stop function.
The vehicle is equipped with an automatic trans- mission that also makes it possible to shift gearsmanually. Certain functions can also be used when the engine is not running, depending on the ignitionmode being used.
Related information
• Starting the engine (p. 356)
• Ignition modes (p. 355)
• Automatic transmission (p. 367)
• Opening/closing the fuel filler door (p. 348)
• Start/Stop (p. 364)
• Parking brake (p. 335)
Brakes The brake system is a hydraulic system consist- ing of two separate brake circuits. If a problemshould occur in one of these circuits, it is stillpossible to stop the vehicle with the other brakecircuit.
Brake systemIf one of the brake circuits is not functioning, more pressure will be needed on the brake pedal(and the pedal will go down farther) for normalbraking effect. If the brake pedal must be depressed farther than normal and requires greater foot pressure,the stopping distance will be longer. Pressure on the brake pedal is enhanced by the power braking function. The power brakes only function when the engine is running. If the power brakes are not working, considerably higher pressure will be required on the brakepedal to compensate for the lack of power assis-tance. This can happen for example when towingyour vehicle or if the engine is switched off whenthe vehicle is rolling. The brake pedal feels stifferthan usual. When the Hill Start Assist function is being used, it will take slightly longer for the brake pedal toreturn to its normal position if the vehicle isparked on an incline or uneven surface. When driving in very hilly areas or if the vehicle iscarrying a heavy load, manual gear shifting canbe used (move the gear selector toward +/-) forengine braking to augment the brakes. Hill Descent Control or the
Off Road*
driving mode
can also be used to increase the engine braking effect at low speeds.
Anti-lock Braking System ABSThe ABS system helps to improve vehicle control (stopping and steering) during severe brakingconditions by limiting brake lockup. When ABS is operating, there may be some vibration in the brake pedal, which is normal. The system performs a brief self-diagnostic test when the engine has been started and driverreleases the brake pedal. Another automatic testmay be performed when the vehicle first reachesa speed of approximately 6 mph (10 km/h). Thebrake pedal will pulsate several times and asound may be audible from the ABS controlmodule, which is normal.
Cleaning the brake discsCoatings of dirt and water on the brake discsmay result in delayed brake function. This delay isminimized by cleaning the brake linings. Cleaning the brake pads is advisable in wet weather, prior to long-term parking, and after thevehicle has been washed. Do this by braking gen-tly for a short period while the vehicle is moving.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.331
Driving on wet or salted roadsProlonged driving on wet or salted roads can affect brake function and increase stopping dis-tance. Be sure to keep a safe distance to thevehicle ahead when driving under these condi-tions.
Brake pad inspection
On vehicles equipped with a jack*, the condition
of the brake pads can be checked by raising thevehicle and performing a visual inspection of thebrake pads.
WARNING
• If the vehicle has been driven immediately prior to a brake pad inspection, the wheelhub, brake components, etc., will be veryhot. Allow time for these components tocool before carrying out the inspection.
• Apply the parking brake and put the gear selector in the Park (
P) position.
• Block the wheels standing on the ground, use rigid wooden blocks or large stones.
WARNING
•
Use the jack intended for the vehicle when changing a tire. For any other job,use stands to support the vehicle.
• The jack should be kept well-greased andclean, and should not be damaged.
• Be sure the jack is on a firm, level, non-slippery surface.
• No objects should be placed between thebase of jack and the ground, or betweenthe jack and the attachment bar on thevehicle.
• The jack must correctly engage the jackattachment.
• Never allow any part of your body to beextended under a vehicle supported by ajack.
Instrument panel symbols
SymbolExplanation
Red symbol: Check the brake fluid level. If the level is low, top up andhave the system inspected todetermine the cause of the loss offluid.
Yellow symbol: Time for brake sys- tem service.
Steady glow for 2 seconds when the engine is started: automaticfunction control. Steady glow for more than 2 seconds: there is a fault inthe ABS system. The normal brakesystem will still function but withoutABS brake modulation.
WARNING
If the fluid level is below the
MIN mark in the
reservoir or if a brake system message is shown in the information display: DO NOT
DRIVE . Have the vehicle towed to a trained
and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake system inspected.

STARTING AND DRIVING
* Option/accessory, for more information, see Introduction.
332
WARNING
If both symbols illuminate at the same time and the brake level is below the MIN mark in
the reservoir or if a brake system- related message is shown in the information display: DO NOT DRIVE . Have the vehicle towed to a
trained and qualified Volvo service technician and have the brake system inspected.
Related information
• Brake functions (p. 332)
• Brake assist system (p. 333)
• Emergency brake lights (p. 334)
Brake functions
The vehicle's standard braking features are aug- mented by a number of auxiliary help functions.
In addition to the wheel brakes and the parking brake, the vehicle is equipped with several auto-matic brake assist functions. These systems helpthe driver by e.g., keeping the vehicle stationarywhen the brake pedal is not depressed (at a traf-fic light or intersection), when starting up a hill orwhen driving down a hill. These systems include: • Auto-hold brakes
• Hill Start Assist
• Braking assist after a collision
• Hill Descent Control
*
Related information
•Brakes (p. 330)
• Parking brake (p. 335)
• Hill Descent Control (HDC) (p. 334)
• Auto-hold brake function (p. 332)
Auto-hold brake function
With the Auto-hold brake function, the driver can release the brake pedal and the brakes willremain applied, for example, when the vehiclehas stopped at a traffic light or intersection.
When the vehicle is no longer moving forward, Auto-hold applies the brakes automatically, eitherusing the normal brakes or the parking brake.The brakes will be released when the acceleratorpedal is depressed. If the driver's door is opened or the engine is turned off, the parking brake will be applied auto-matically.
Auto-hold control
Auto-hold control and indicator light
Turn Auto-hold on or off by pressing the control in the tunnel console. The indicator light illumi-nates when the function is on.